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The mass media in Poland consist of several different types of communications media including television, radio, cinema, newspapers, magazines, and Internet. During the communist regime in Poland the Stalinist press doctrine dominated and controlled Polish media. The country instituted freedom of press since the fall of communism. The Polish media system's main features are the product of the country's socio-political and economic post-communist transition. These features include: the privatisation of the press sector; the transformation of the state radio and television into public broadcasting services; influx of foreign capital into the media market and European integration of audiovisual media policies. Today the media landscape is very plural but highly polarized along political and ideological divides.
The Sopot International Song Festival or Sopot Festival is an annual international song contest held in Sopot, Poland. It is the biggest Polish music festival altogether with the National Festival of Polish Song in Opole, and one of the biggest song contests in Europe.
Polski Koncern Naftowy Orlen, often known as just Orlen, is a Polish oil refiner and petrol retailer. The corporation is a significant European publicly traded firm with major operations in Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Germany, and the Baltic states as well as an operation in Canada. In February 2022, the Polish state was the first shareholder of the company with 27.52% of the shares.
Comarch is a Polish multinational software house and systems integrator based in Kraków, Poland. Comarch provides services in areas such as Telecommunications, Finance and Banking, the Services Sector and to Public Administration. Its services include billing, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems, IT security, IT architecture, management and outsourcing solutions, Customer Relationship Management (CRM) and sales support, electronic communication and business intelligence and cloud solutions for various businesses. Janusz Filipiak and his wife Elżbieta Filipiak are the main shareholders of the company.
Disco polo is a genre of popular dance music, created in Poland in the 1980s, it was initially known as "sidewalk music" or "backyard music". This genre, being a part of the musical folklore, had great popularity in the 1990s, with its peak in 1995-1997. Then came a gradual decline in the popularity of this genre, which made the last – as it was thought at the time – decline at the beginning of the 21st century. The comeback of disco polo happened in the winter of 2007. The Polish PWN dictionary defines the genre as a Polish variant of disco music, with simple melodies and often ribald lyrics. The service Rate Your Music defines disco polo as a Polish variant of dance-pop.
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Hortex is a company in Poland that produces frozen foods and branded fruit juices.
Powszechny Zakład Ubezpieczeń Spółka Akcyjna (PZU) is a publicly traded insurance company, a component of the WIG20 and Poland's biggest and oldest insurance company. PZU is headquartered in Warsaw and also one of the largest financial institutions in Poland. It is also one of the top insurance companies in Central and Eastern Europe. The main advantages of the Group concern the strong competitive position, high level of equity and high effectiveness of business activity.
Grupa Lotos S.A. is a vertically integrated oil company based in Gdańsk, Poland. The company is listed in the Polish index WIG30. The Polish state is the majority shareholder with 53% percent. The company's main activity branches are: crude oil production, refining and marketing of oil products. The company is a leader in lubricants on the Polish market. Grupa Lotos is a producer of unleaded gasoline, diesel, fuel oils, aviation fuels, motor and industrial lubricants, bitumens and waxes.
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Bank Millennium S.A. is a Poland-based commercial bank with headquarters in Warsaw, and owned by the Portuguese bank Millennium BCP. It is one of the largest banks in Poland and has been operating for 32 years.
PGE Polska Grupa Energetyczna S.A. is a state-owned public power company and the largest power producing company in Poland. PGE is listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the WIG30 index.
Kulczyk Investments SA is an international investment company, founded by Polish entrepreneur Jan Kulczyk in 2007, focusing on business opportunities in high-growth markets. The company's strategic sectors are energy, infrastructure, chemical industry and mineral resources. Kulczyk Holding SA is responsible for the operations of the group in Poland.
LPP Spółka Akcyjna is a Polish clothing retailer dealing with design, production and distribution of clothes. The company has five brands in its portfolio: Reserved, House, Cropp, Mohito and Sinsay.
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A presidential election was held in Poland on 28 June 2020. As no candidate received a majority of the vote, a second round was held on 12 July, in which incumbent president Andrzej Duda, running with the support of Law and Justice, faced off against Civic Platform vice-chairman and Mayor of Warsaw Rafał Trzaskowski. Results from the second round of voting, announced by the National Electoral Commission (PKW) on 13 July, indicated that Andrzej Duda had won with 51.03% compared to Rafał Trzaskowski's 48.97%.
Mariusz Świtalski is a Polish entrepreneur. He is the founder of Elektromis, Eurocash, Biedronka, Żabka, Małpka Express and has been named as one of the richest people in Poland by Wprost weekly.
Idea Bank Spółka Akcyjna was a bank in Poland, which began operations in 1991 and was taken over by Bank Pekao SA on 3 January 2021 as a part of compulsory restructuring engineered by Poland's Bank Guarantee Fund. The bank's domain was the financial service of small business entities; micro, small and medium enterprises. Idea Bank was controlled by Getin Holding and Getin Noble Bank. Main shareholder was a Polish billionaire Leszek Czarnecki.
Venture capital in Poland is a segment of the private equity market that finances early-stage high-risk companies based in Poland, with the potential for fast growth. As of March 2019, there is a total of 130 active VC firms in Poland, including local offices of international VC firms, and VC firms with mainly Polish management teams. Between 2009–2019, these entities have invested locally in over 750 companies, which gives an average of around 9 companies per portfolio. The Polish venture market accounts for 3% of the entire European ecosystem of VC investments, mainly in the digital space.
References
- ↑ "Akcjonariat". ri.zepak.com.pl. Retrieved 2022-03-14.
- ↑ "Akcjonariat | Grupa Polsat Plus". grupapolsatplus.pl. Retrieved 2022-03-14.
- ↑ "Właściciel Cyfrowego Polsatu szuka dodatkowych korzyści w strukturze portfela". Rzeczpospolita (in Polish). Retrieved 2022-03-14.
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