Elizabeth Nolan

Last updated
Elizabeth Nolan
Born
Elizabeth Marie Nolan

1978 (age 45–46)
Alma mater Smith College
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Awards PECASE
Scientific career
Institutions Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Harvard Medical School
Thesis Fluorescent chemosensors for exploring zinc metalloneurochemistry and detecting mercury in aqueous solution  (2006)
Doctoral advisor Stephen J. Lippard
Website chemistry.mit.edu/profile/elizabeth-marie-nolan

Elizabeth Marie Nolan (born 1978) is an American chemist and associate professor at Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Contents

Early life and education

Nolan was born in Niskayuna, New York. [1] She studied at Smith College, where she majored in chemistry and graduated magna cum laude in 2000. [1] [2] During her undergraduate studies she minored in music and worked with Robert Linck on computational chemistry. [3] She studied the stereoelectronic effects in substituted alkanes. [4] Nolan was a member of Phi Beta Kappa. [1] She was awarded a Fulbright Program Scholarship and moved to France to study siderophore-iron complexes. [2] Nolan moved to Massachusetts Institute of Technology for her graduate studies, where she was supervised by Stephen J. Lippard. [1] She developed small molecule fluorescent sensors to monitor for zinc in neurobiology and mercury in aqueous solutions. [1] [5] Together they filed a patent for Fluorescein-based metal sensors. [6] Nolan was a postdoctoral scientist at the Harvard Medical School, working with Christopher T. Walsh on the biosynthetic assembly of microcin E492m. [7] Microcin E492m is an antibiotic peptide that can target Gram-negative bacteria which express siderophore transporters. [1] [7] [8] She was awarded a $2.5 million National Institutes of Health grant in 2010 to study antibacterial peptides and zinc in innate immunity. [9] In 2011 she contributed to the book Letters to a Young Chemist. [4] [10]

Research and career

Nolan was appointed as an assistant professor at the department of chemistry at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2014. [1] She explores the coordination chemistry of metal ions in biological systems; in particular how proteins destroy microbes by denying them metal nutrients. [3] [11] [12] She looks at the peptides and metalloproteins that are involved in mammalian immune response. Her current focus is on calprotectins and how they bind metals. [13] [14] She used magnetic circular dichroism to study the binding of iron to human calprotectin. [15] Her group look to understand how Neuronal cells process and removes SOD1 point mutants. [16]

Nolan looks to design drugs to fight bacterial infections. [11] They study how immunity peptides that are encoded by the gene clusters that biosynthesize antibiotics which use metal ion transporters protect the organisms that produce them. [16] She proposes that hijacking the siderophore uptake pathways could allow new prevention and treatment against diseases.[ citation needed ] She worked with Manuela Raffatellu at University of California, Irvine to develop a new immunisation strategy against salmonella. [17] They target siderophores, a molecule that salmonella secretes to scavenge iron. Immunisation against siderophores led to the production of antibodies that reduced the growth of salmonella and other bacteria. [18] She is on the editorial board of Cell Chemical Biology. [19]

Patents

Awards and honours

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bacteriocin</span> Class of bacterially produced peptide antibiotics

Bacteriocins are proteinaceous or peptidic toxins produced by bacteria to inhibit the growth of similar or closely related bacterial strain(s). They are similar to yeast and paramecium killing factors, and are structurally, functionally, and ecologically diverse. Applications of bacteriocins are being tested to assess their application as narrow-spectrum antibiotics.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Siderophore</span> Iron compounds secreted by microorganisms

Siderophores (Greek: "iron carrier") are small, high-affinity iron-chelating compounds that are secreted by microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. They help the organism accumulate iron. Although a widening range of siderophore functions is now being appreciated, siderophores are among the strongest (highest affinity) Fe3+ binding agents known. Phytosiderophores are siderophores produced by plants.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Conjugate vaccine</span> Type of vaccine

A conjugate vaccine is a type of subunit vaccine which combines a weak antigen with a strong antigen as a carrier so that the immune system has a stronger response to the weak antigen.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Antimicrobial peptides</span> Class of peptides that have antimicrobial activity

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), also called host defence peptides (HDPs) are part of the innate immune response found among all classes of life. Fundamental differences exist between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells that may represent targets for antimicrobial peptides. These peptides are potent, broad spectrum antimicrobials which demonstrate potential as novel therapeutic agents. Antimicrobial peptides have been demonstrated to kill Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria, enveloped viruses, fungi and even transformed or cancerous cells. Unlike the majority of conventional antibiotics it appears that antimicrobial peptides frequently destabilize biological membranes, can form transmembrane channels, and may also have the ability to enhance immunity by functioning as immunomodulators.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zinc peroxide</span> Chemical compound

Zinc peroxide (ZnO2) appears as a bright yellow powder at room temperature. It was historically used as a surgical antiseptic. More recently zinc peroxide has also been used as an oxidant in explosives and pyrotechnic mixtures. Its properties have been described as a transition between ionic and covalent peroxides. Zinc peroxide can be synthesized through the reaction of zinc chloride and hydrogen peroxide.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hydroxamic acid</span> Organic compounds of the form –C(=O)N(OH)–

In organic chemistry, hydroxamic acids are a class of organic compounds having a general formula R−C(=O)−N(−OH)−R' bearing the functional group −C(=O)−N(−OH)−, where R and R' are typically organyl groups or hydrogen. They are amides wherein the nitrogen atom has a hydroxyl substituent. They are often used as metal chelators.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Enterobactin</span> Chemical compound

Enterobactin is a high affinity siderophore that acquires iron for microbial systems. It is primarily found in Gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ken Raymond</span> American inorganic chemist

Kenneth Norman Raymond is a bioinorganic and coordination chemist. He is Chancellor's Professor of Chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley, Professor of the Graduate School, the Director of the Seaborg Center in the Chemical Sciences Division at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and the President and Chairman of Lumiphore.

In chemistry, binding selectivity is defined with respect to the binding of ligands to a substrate forming a complex. Binding selectivity describes how a ligand may bind more preferentially to one receptor than another. A selectivity coefficient is the equilibrium constant for the reaction of displacement by one ligand of another ligand in a complex with the substrate. Binding selectivity is of major importance in biochemistry and in chemical separation processes.

Calprotectin is a complex of the mammalian proteins S100A8 and S100A9. Other names for calprotectin include MRP8-MRP14, calgranulin A and B, cystic fibrosis antigen, L1, 60BB antigen, and 27E10 antigen. The proteins exist as homodimers but preferentially exist as S100A8/A9 heterodimers or heterotetramers (calprotectin) with antimicrobial, proinflammatory and prothrombotic properties. In the presence of calcium, calprotectin is capable of sequestering the transition metals iron, manganese and zinc via chelation. This metal sequestration affords the complex antimicrobial properties. Calprotectin is the only known antimicrobial manganese sequestration protein complex. Calprotectin comprises as much as 60% of the soluble protein content of the cytosol of a neutrophil, and it is secreted by an unknown mechanism during inflammation. Faecal calprotectin has been used to detect intestinal inflammation and can serve as a biomarker for inflammatory bowel diseases. Blood-based calprotectin is used in diagnostics of multiple inflammatory diseases, including autoimmune diseases, like arthritis, and severe infections including sepsis.

Many bacteria secrete small iron-binding molecules called siderophores, which bind strongly to ferric ions. FepA is an integral bacterial outer membrane porin protein that belongs to outer membrane receptor family and provides the active transport of iron bound by the siderophore enterobactin from the extracellular space, into the periplasm of Gram-negative bacteria. FepA has also been shown to transport vitamin B12, and colicins B and D as well. This protein belongs to family of ligand-gated protein channels.

Guillermo Carlos Bazan is an American chemist, material scientist, and academic.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Small molecule sensors</span>

Small molecule sensors are an effective way to detect the presence of metal ions in solution. Although many types exist, most small molecule sensors comprise a subunit that selectively binds to a metal that in turn induces a change in a fluorescent subunit. This change can be observed in the small molecule sensor's spectrum, which can be monitored using a detection system such as a microscope or a photodiode. Different probes exist for a variety of applications, each with different dissociation constants with respect to a particular metal, different fluorescent properties, and sensitivities. They show great promise as a way to probe biological processes by monitoring metal ions at low concentrations in biological systems. Since they are by definition small and often capable of entering biological systems, they are conducive to many applications for which other more traditional bio-sensing are less effective or not suitable.

<i>Rothia</i> (bacterium) Genus of bacteria

Rothia is a Gram-positive, aerobic, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterial genus from the family Micrococcaceae. Rothia bacteria can cause disease in humans and immunosuppressed humans.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rebecca Abergel</span> French inorganic chemist

Rebecca Abergel is a professor of nuclear engineering and of chemistry at University of California, Berkeley. Abergel is also a senior faculty scientist in the chemical sciences division of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, where she directs the Glenn T. Seaborg Center and leads the Heavy Element Chemistry research group. She is the recipient of several awards for her research in nuclear and inorganic chemistry.

Munia Ganguli is an Indian biochemist, biotechnologist and a scientist at the Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB). She is known for the development of non-invasive protocols of drug delivery and the team led by her was successful in developing a drug delivery system for skin disorders, using a nanometer-sized peptide complex carrying plasmid DNA which has since shown effective penetration and apparently without harming the skin. She holds two patents for the processes she has developed. At IGIB, she has established her laboratory where she hosts several research scholars and scientists. Her studies have been documented by way of a number of articles and ResearchGate, an online repository of scientific articles has listed 76 of them.

Daniel Antonio Tordera Salvador is a Spanish chemist, material scientist and writer. He is currently an Assistant Professor in the Physical Chemistry Department at the University of Valencia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cefiderocol</span> Antibiotic

Cefiderocol, sold under the brand name Fetroja among others, is an antibiotic used to treat complicated urinary tract infections when no other options are available. It is indicated for the treatment of multi-drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It is given by injection into a vein.

Deborah Beth Zamble was a Canadian chemist and Canada Research Chair in Biological Chemistry at the University of Toronto. Her research considered how bacteria processed metal nutrients.

Jason Kelby Sello is an American chemist who is a professor of chemistry at Brown University. His research looks to develop antibacterial agents and technologies for bioenergy. In 2020, he was named by Cell Press as one of 1000 inspiring Black scientists in America.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Elizabeth M. Nolan". web.mit.edu. Retrieved 2018-12-23.
  2. 1 2 "Smith Scholars With Places to Go". www.smith.edu. Retrieved 2018-12-23.
  3. 1 2 "Chemistry in Action: Liz Nolan | MIT OpenCourseWare | Free Online Course Materials". mit.uvt.rnu.tn. Retrieved 2018-12-24.
  4. 1 2 Ghosh, Abhik (2011-04-04). Letters to a Young Chemist. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN   978-1-118-00708-2.
  5. ↑ Nolan, Elizabeth M.; Lippard, Stephen J. (2009). "Small-Molecule Fluorescent Sensors for Investigating Zinc Metalloneurochemistry". Accounts of Chemical Research. 42 (1): 193–203. doi:10.1021/ar8001409. ISSN   0001-4842. PMC   2646817 . PMID   18989940.
  6. 1 2 "US Patent for Fluorescein-based metal sensors Patent (Patent # 7,615,377 issued November 10, 2009) - Justia Patents Search". patents.justia.com. Retrieved 2018-12-23.
  7. 1 2 Nolan, Elizabeth M.; Fischbach, Michael A.; Koglin, Alexander; Walsh, Christopher T. (2007). "Biosynthetic tailoring of microcin E492m: post-translational modification affords an antibacterial siderophore-peptide conjugate". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 129 (46): 14336–14347. doi:10.1021/ja074650f. ISSN   0002-7863. PMC   2522288 . PMID   17973380.
  8. ↑ Huang, Kai; Zeng, Jianwei; Liu, Xueli; Jiang, Tianyu; Wang, Jiawei (2021-04-06). "Structure of the mannose phosphotransferase system (man-PTS) complexed with microcin E492, a pore-forming bacteriocin". Cell Discovery. 7 (1): 20. doi:10.1038/s41421-021-00253-6. ISSN   2056-5968. PMC   8021565 . PMID   33820910.
  9. ↑ Nolan, Elizabeth. "Antibacterial Peptides and Zinc in Innate Immunity and Mammalian Physiology". Grantome.
  10. ↑ "Letters to a Young Chemist". Wiley.com. Retrieved 2018-12-24.
  11. 1 2 "Exploring the tug-of-war over metals during infection". MIT News. 4 January 2017. Retrieved 2018-12-23.
  12. ↑ Nolan, Elizabeth. "CAREER: Coordination Chemistry of Zinc-Chelating S100 Proteins and Biochemistry Partnership with a Regional University". Grantome.
  13. ↑ "Dr. Elizabeth Nolan - Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry - UMBC". chemistry.umbc.edu. Retrieved 2018-12-23.
  14. ↑ MIT OpenCourseWare, Chemistry in Action: Liz Nolan , retrieved 2018-12-23
  15. ↑ Baker, Tessa M.; Nakashige, Toshiki G.; Nolan, Elizabeth M.; Neidig, Michael L. (2017). "Magnetic circular dichroism studies of iron(ii) binding to human calprotectin". Chemical Science. 8 (2): 1369–1377. doi:10.1039/c6sc03487j. ISSN   2041-6520. PMC   5361872 . PMID   28451278.
  16. 1 2 3 "Searle Scholars Program : Elizabeth M. Nolan (2011)". www.searlescholars.net. Retrieved 2018-12-23.
  17. ↑ "A new approach against Salmonella and other pathogens". phys.org. Retrieved 2018-12-24.
  18. ↑ Raffatellu, Manuela; Nolan, Elizabeth M.; George, Michael D.; Edwards, Robert A.; Perez-Lopez, Araceli; Zheng, Tengfei; Chairatana, Phoom; Sassone-Corsi, Martina (2016). "Siderophore-based immunization strategy to inhibit growth of enteric pathogens". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 113 (47): 13462–13467. Bibcode:2016PNAS..11313462S. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1606290113 . ISSN   1091-6490. PMC   5127304 . PMID   27821741.
  19. ↑ "Editorial Board: Cell Chemical Biology". www.cell.com. Retrieved 2018-12-23.
  20. ↑ "US Patent Application for ENTEROBACTIN CONJUGATES AND USES THEREOF Patent Application (Application #20150105337 issued April 16, 2015) - Justia Patents Search". patents.justia.com. Retrieved 2018-12-23.
  21. ↑ "US Patent for Enterobactin conjugates and uses thereof Patent (Patent # 9,902,986 issued February 27, 2018) - Justia Patents Search". patents.justia.com. Retrieved 2018-12-23.
  22. ↑ "US Patent Application for SIDEROPHORE-BASED IMMUNIZATION AGAINST GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA Patent Application (Application #20160022794 issued January 28, 2016) - Justia Patents Search". patents.justia.com. Retrieved 2018-12-23.
  23. ↑ "US Patent for Siderophore-based immunization against gram-negative bacteria Patent (Patent # 10,039,816 issued August 7, 2018) - Justia Patents Search". patents.justia.com. Retrieved 2018-12-23.
  24. ↑ "NIH Director's New Innovator Award - Funded Research". commonfund.nih.gov. 26 June 2013. Retrieved 2018-12-23.
  25. ↑ "Eli Lilly Award in Biological Chemistry" (PDF). ACS Division of Biological Chemistry. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-10-09. Retrieved 2018-12-23.
  26. ↑ "Michale Fee and Elizabeth Nolan win Teaching Prizes for Graduate and Undergraduate Education". MIT News. November 2016. Retrieved 2018-12-23.
  27. ↑ "Denkewalter Lecture: Chemistry & Biochemistry, Department of : Loyola University Chicago". www.luc.edu. Retrieved 2018-12-23.
  28. ↑ "White House honors 19 NSF-supported early-career researchers | NSF - National Science Foundation". www.nsf.gov. Retrieved 2018-12-23.
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