Elizabeth Sherwood-Randall | |
---|---|
11th United States Homeland Security Advisor | |
Assumed office January 20, 2021 | |
President | Joe Biden |
Preceded by | Julia Nesheiwat |
18th United States Deputy Secretary of Energy | |
In office October 10,2014 –January 20,2017 | |
President | Barack Obama |
Preceded by | Daniel Poneman |
Succeeded by | Dan Brouillette |
Personal details | |
Born | Elizabeth D. Sherwood October 4,1959 Los Angeles,California,U.S. |
Political party | Democratic |
Spouse | Jeffrey Randall |
Children | 2 |
Relatives | Ben Sherwood (brother) |
Education | Harvard University (BA) Balliol College,Oxford (DPhil) |
Elizabeth D. Sherwood-Randall (born October 4,1959) [1] [2] is an American national security and energy leader,public servant,educator,and author currently serving as the 11th United States Homeland Security Advisor to President Joe Biden since 2021. She previously served in the Clinton and Obama Administrations and held appointments at academic institutions and think tanks.
After receiving her doctorate,Sherwood-Randall served in 1986-1987 as the chief foreign affairs and defense policy advisor to then-Senator Joseph R. Biden. From 1990 to 1993,she was the Associate Director of the Harvard Kennedy School Belfer Center’s Strengthening Democratic Institutions Project,which she co-founded with former Kennedy School Dean and Professor Graham Allison. [3]
During the Clinton administration,Sherwood-Randall served from 1994-1996 as the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Russia,Ukraine,and Eurasia. After departing public service,she became a founding principal of the Harvard-Stanford Preventive Defense Project from 1997-2008,serving with other former senior Defense Department officials including William J. Perry,Ash Carter,and GEN (ret.) John Shalikashvili. [4]
After providing advice to the Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama 2008 presidential campaigns,she joined the National Security Council at the White House in January 2009. She served as Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director for European Affairs during President Obama’s first term. In 2013 she was promoted to White House Coordinator for Defense Policy,Countering Weapons of Mass Destruction,and Arms Control. [5] In July 2014 she was nominated by President Obama to become the 18th United States Deputy Secretary of Energy and,following Senate confirmation in September 2014,she served in that role from October 2014 until January 20,2017. [6] Following her departure from government service in 2017,she held an array of professorial and senior fellow positions at academic institutions,including at the Harvard Kennedy School Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs and at the Georgia Institute of Technology. [7]
After advising the Biden 2020 presidential campaign and transition team,Sherwood-Randall was discussed as a lead contender to be President Biden’s Secretary of Energy. [8] [9] Instead,she was appointed as the President’s White House Homeland Security Advisor and Deputy National Security Advisor in January 2021. Sherwood-Randall was part of the Biden administration team that launched [10] the U.S. National Strategy to Counter Antisemitism on May 25,2023.
Sherwood-Randall’s great grandparents emigrated to the United States from Eastern Europe in the late 19th century. Her paternal grandparents met at the public library in Anaconda,Montana,and married and moved westward,eventually settling in Los Angeles,California,where her father,Richard E. Sherwood,was born in 1929. Her mother’s parents began their family life in Omaha,Nebraska,where her mother Dorothy Lipsey Romonek was born in 1932. The family moved to Los Angeles in the early 1940s. Her parents met in high school,were married in 1953,and remained married until her father’s early death in 1993. Her father was a Los Angeles civic leader and a partner in the law firm of O’Melveny and Myers,where as a corporate litigator he specialized in antitrust law. Dorothy and Richard Sherwood were active in supporting the growth of the Los Angeles cultural community,including the Los Angeles County Museum of Art,the Center Theater Group,and the California Institute of the Arts. [11] [12] [13]
She was born in Los Angeles,California [2] and has one brother,Ben Sherwood. [14] She received a bachelor's degree from Harvard University,and a doctorate in international relations [15] from Balliol College,Oxford,where she was a Rhodes Scholar. [16] She and her brother,Ben Sherwood,were the first sister and brother to win Rhodes Scholarships. [14]
From January 1986 to September 1987,she served as principal advisor on all foreign and defense policy matters to then-Senator Joe Biden,at the time ranking member of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee and chairman of the Subcommittee on European Affairs. From 1990-1993,she was the Associate Director of the Harvard Kennedy School Belfer Center’s Strengthening Democratic Institutions Project,which she co-founded with former Kennedy School Dean and Professor Graham Allison. In the Clinton Administration,from 1994 to 1996,Sherwood-Randall served as Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Russia,Ukraine,and Eurasia. [17] During this period,she led the effort to denuclearize three former Soviet states,for which she was awarded the Department of Defense Medal for Distinguished Public Service and the Nunn-Lugar Trailblazer Award. She was part of the Pentagon leadership team that established the National Guard State Partnership Program,an enduring military-military collaboration between American National Guard forces and partner forces around the world,including most of the countries that emerged from the collapse of the Soviet Union. [18] From 1997 to 2008,she was a Founding Principal of the Harvard-Stanford Preventive Defense Project. She was also a Senior Research Scholar at Stanford University's Center for International Security and Cooperation from 2000 to 2008. In 2004,she was selected to become a Carnegie Scholar and used the prize to support research as an Adjunct Senior Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations,where she developed recommendations to strengthen the Transatlantic alliance to meet the challenges of the new century. [19]
During the first term of Barack Obama,Sherwood-Randall served as Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director for European Affairs on the White House National Security Council. [20] She focused on revitalizing America's unique network of alliance relationships and strengthening cooperation with 49 countries and three international institutions in Europe (NATO,the EU,and the OSCE) to advance U.S. global interests. At the start of Obama's second term,she was appointed the White House Coordinator for Defense Policy,Countering Weapons of Mass Destruction,and Arms Control. In this new role her responsibilities included defense policy and budgeting;the DOD-DOE nuclear weapons enterprise;military sexual assault prevention;implementation of the Prague arms control and nuclear security agenda;and the elimination of Syria's declared chemical weapons. [17] She served as the Presidential Sherpa for the Nuclear Security Summit in 2014,which mobilized international actions to prevent terrorist acquisition of fissile materials. [21]
Sherwood-Randall was nominated by President Obama to be Deputy Secretary of Energy and confirmed by the United States Senate on September 18,2014. At the Department of Energy she launched a major initiative in partnership with leaders of the American electricity,oil and gas sectors to tackle emerging cyber and physical challenges to the power grid. [22] She stated in 2016 that "we need to accelerate the transition to a low-carbon economy and spur innovation and science and technology...so that we can power the world with low-carbon power." [23] Sherwood-Randall noted in a Council on Foreign Relations speech in 2016 that an "all of the above" energy strategy included "decreasing the amount of water we use,deploying new nuclear technologies,better transmission infrastructure,advanced manufacturing,and,importantly,carbon capture and storage for fossil fuels.” [24]
During her tenure as Deputy Secretary of Energy,Sherwood-Randall emphasized recruiting and strengthening a more diverse workforce at the Department of Energy. She worked with minority-serving colleges and institutions to convey opportunities for their students within the Department and offered professional and career-based training for those students. She frequently encouraged and mentored young people to consider pathways to public service. [25] In concert with her work on diversity,equity,and inclusion in the Federal workforce,Sherwood-Randall became a staunch advocate for appropriate protections for the Federal workforce,including for whistleblowers. In 2017,she decried the growing tendency to vilify civil servants and target them based on ideology [26] and in 2020 she advocated for strengthened protections for whistleblowers. [27]
As the Homeland Security Advisor,Sherwood-Randall coordinated Federal support to State and local leaders,NGOs,and the private sector to prevent,prepare for and respond effectively to disasters,whether natural or manmade. [28]
Early in the Biden Administration,Sherwood-Randall noted that these events would require an effort to strengthen and harden critical infrastructure to create better resiliency for the future. [29] Sherwood-Randall spearheaded initiatives to harden critical Infrastructure and build resilience to the full spectrum (natural,physical,and/or cyber) of threats. In response to the Colonial Pipeline ransomware attack,Sherwood-Randall discussed the Federal interagency response and coordination with both states and private sector entities impacted by the pipeline shutdown. [30] In September 2022,she opened the first meeting of the President’s National Infrastructure Advisory Council. [31]
In the Biden Administration,Sherwood-Randall led the reform of counterterrorism policies to align with evolving threats,including by spearheading the development of the first national domestic terrorism strategy. [32] In 2021 remarks at the University of Virginia,Sherwood-Randall described the four pillars of the strategy to counter domestic terrorism as understanding and sharing information,prevention of domestic terror,disrupting and deterring domestic terrorists,and addressing long-term contributors to domestic terrorism. [33] Later in the same year,Sherwood-Randall stated in remarks to the Atlantic Council that the Biden administration was seeking to keep pace with evolving global terrorist threats,setting priorities and matching resources to challenges,and adapting approaches using the full range of tools available to the nation. [34] As part of this effort,Sherwood-Randall led interagency delegations to Africa,Europe and the Middle East to advance the Administration’s counterterrorism policies through close coordination with allies and partners. [35] [36] The new international counterterrorism strategy was promulgated in October 2022. [37] [38] After the President reportedly made a decision limiting counterterrorism drone strikes outside conventional war zones,Sherwood-Randall issued a statement that the changes allowed the U.S. government to be “discerning and agile in protecting Americans against evolving global terrorist challenges.” [37]
Sherwood-Randall advocated for building an integrated regional system to manage unprecedented human migration in the Western Hemisphere,with the objective of reducing dangerous irregular migration and incentivizing legal migration. She contributed to the National Action Plan to Combat Human Trafficking,countering efforts by human smugglers and human traffickers who take advantage of vulnerable populations. When the plan was released,Sherwood-Randall was quoted stating “Human trafficking is an evil practice that contradicts who we are as Americans and the rights we cherish. With this National Action Plan,we reaffirm our commitment to preventing and punishing human trafficking in all its forms and to addressing the social and economic conditions that can create greater vulnerabilities for marginalized groups.” [39]
When it became apparent that the Government of Afghanistan would fall in 2021,Sherwood-Randall was among the senior White House officials deliberating about how to manage a noncombatant evacuation operation from Kabul. [40] According to a leaked Summary of Conclusions document,she chaired a National Security Council Deputies Small Group that set priorities for evacuation of U.S. staff and citizens and Afghan partners and metrics for measuring success. [41] Ultimately,more than 80,000 Afghans were screened and vetted,relocated to the United States,and resettled in American communities. [42]
Sherwood-Randall led efforts to stem the proliferation of new technologies that could negatively impact homeland security,including through the development of an ambitious counter-unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) strategy. This initiative took on new urgency with the increasing frequency of drone incursions into controlled airspace,threatening commercial air traffic security. [43] In 2022,the Biden Administration published the Domestic Counter-Unmanned Aircraft Systems National Action Plan,which laid out eight necessary actions to be taken across the Federal government. [44] Sherwood-Randall called upon Congress to pass legislation in support of the National Action Plan in a June 2022 DefenseOne op-ed. [45]
As White House Homeland Security Advisor,she co-led a process with then-Domestic Policy Council Director Susan Rice to generate the first-ever National Strategy to Counter Antisemitism in May 2023. [46] Sherwood-Randall was identified as one of several White House staff members conducting outreach to the Jewish community in the wake of the October 7,2023 Hamas attack on Israel. [47]
As an extension of her scholarly work and previous Obama Administration responsibilities,Sherwood-Randall led a US delegation that participated in trilateral nuclear threat reduction meetings with the United Kingdom and France. These meetings covered ongoing cooperation to prevent the proliferation of nuclear materials to non-state actors and to advance collaborative capabilities to counter the threat of weapons of mass destruction terrorism worldwide. [48]
She has written on a variety of national security issues,including on U.S alliances and preventing nuclear proliferation. [49] Her first book,Allies in Crisis:Meeting Global Challenges to Western Security,examined the origins and history of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and described how it handled crises outside of Europe without weakening allied capabilities or distracting from its main purpose. [50] In 2006,she wrote the monograph Alliances and American National Security,which makes the case for modernizing U.S. alliances as a means to reach the nation's national security goals. [51] In 2020,she authored "The Age of Strategic Instability:How Novel Technologies Disrupt the Nuclear Balance",which was published in Foreign Affairs. [52]
She is married to neurosurgeon Jeffrey Randall. They have two sons. [21]
The United States National Security Council (NSC) is the principal forum used by the president of the United States for consideration of national security, military, and foreign policy matters. Based in the White House, it is part of the Executive Office of the President of the United States, and composed of senior national security advisors and Cabinet officials.
Ashton Baldwin Carter was an American government official and academic who served as the 25th United States secretary of defense from February 2015 to January 2017. He later served as director of the Belfer Center for Science & International Affairs at Harvard Kennedy School.
The Homeland Security Council (HSC) is an entity within the Executive Office of the President of the United States tasked with advising the president on matters relevant to Homeland Security. The current Homeland Security Advisor is Elizabeth Sherwood-Randall.
Michael E. Leiter was the director of the United States National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC), having served in the Bush Administration and been retained in the Obama Administration. A statement released by the White House announced his resignation, effective July 8, 2011. His successor, Matthew G. Olsen, was sworn in on August 16, 2011. In September 2017, Leiter joined international law firm Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom in Washington, D.C. as a partner in its national security practice.
The United States Deputy National Security Advisor is a member of the Executive Office of the President of the United States and the United States National Security Council, serving under the President's National Security Advisor.
Richard A. Falkenrath Jr. served as deputy commissioner of counter-terrorism of the New York City Police Department from 2006 to 2010. He was the third person to hold this position. His predecessors were Frank Libutti and Michael A. Sheehan.
The White House Office is an entity within the Executive Office of the President of the United States (EOP). The White House Office is headed by the White House Chief of Staff, who is also the head of the Executive Office of the President. The staff work for and report directly to the president, including West Wing staff and the president's senior advisers. Almost all of the White House Office staff are political appointees of the president, do not require Senate confirmation and can be dismissed at the discretion of the president.
Lisa Oudens Monaco is an American attorney, former federal prosecutor and national security official who has served as the 39th and current United States Deputy Attorney General since April 21, 2021. She is a member of the Democratic Party.
Elizabeth Neumann is an American former homeland security official. In the Trump administration she served from February 2017 to April 2020 as a senior advisor and Deputy Chief of Staff of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to DHS Secretary John Kelly and Acting DHS Secretary Elaine Duke, and as DHS Assistant Secretary for Threat Prevention and Security Policy to DHS Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen, Acting DHS Secretary Kevin McAleenan, and Acting DHS Secretary Chad Wolf. She served on the Homeland Security Council staff in the George W. Bush administration starting in 2003.
Jonathan Finer is an American journalist and civil servant who serves as deputy national security advisor under national security advisor Jake Sullivan in the Biden administration. He previously served as the chief of staff and director of policy planning for former Secretary of State John Kerry at the U.S. Department of State.
Samantha Erin Vinograd is an American government official and foreign policy commentator who has served as the assistant secretary for counterterrorism and threat prevention in the Department of Homeland Security since 2022.
The Honorable Eric Brien Rosenbach is an American public servant and Harvard professor who served as Pentagon Chief of Staff from July 2015 to January 2017 and as Assistant Secretary of Defense for Homeland Defense and Global Security from September 2014 to September 2015. As Chief of Staff, Rosenbach assisted Secretary Ash Carter on the Department of Defense's major challenges of the time, which included increased Russian aggression, the Syrian Civil War, and North Korean missile tests.
Russell E. Travers is an American national security official who served as the deputy director of the National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC). Travers first took the role on November 13, 2017, and later became acting director. He resumed his duties as deputy on December 28, 2018, following Joseph Maguire's swearing in as NCTC director. Travers again became acting director on August 16, 2019, after Maguire became Acting Director of National Intelligence. He was dismissed on March 18, 2020.
Christine Elizabeth Wormuth is an American defense official and career civil servant who serves as the United States Secretary of the Army since 2021. Wormuth previously served as the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy from 2014 to 2016.
Brett Michael Holmgren is an American intelligence official serving as assistant secretary of state for intelligence and research in the Biden administration.
Christine Sandra Abizaid is an American intelligence officer who is the director of the National Counterterrorism Center in the Biden administration.
Meredith Ashley Berger is an American government official who is serving as the United States Assistant Secretary of the Navy for Energy, Installations, and Environment; a position she has held since August 5, 2021. From August 25, 2021, until April 13, 2022, she concurrently served as the designated official performing the duties of the United States Under Secretary of the Navy.
Mara Elizabeth Karlin is an American foreign policy and defense advisor. In April 2021, President Joe Biden nominated Karlin to serve as the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Strategy, Plans and Capabilities. She was confirmed by the U.S. Senate by voice vote on August 9, 2021. Previously, she served as the Acting Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs. In her role, she served as the main advisor to Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin on U.S. security policies related to every country in Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Eurasia, and the Western Hemisphere. Her portfolio included shaping U.S. defense policy related to NATO.
Alexandra Nicole Baker, known as Sasha Baker, is an American policy advisor who currently serves as deputy under secretary of defense for policy at the Department of Defense.
Rebecca Lissner is an American political scientist and foreign policy analyst who currently serves as Deputy National Security Adviser to Vice President Kamala Harris. Previously, she was Acting Senior Director for Strategic Planning on the National Security Council, where she oversaw the creation of the Biden Administration’s National Security Strategy and directed the Russia Strategy Group. During the Obama Administration, Lissner served as Special Advisor to Deputy Secretary of Energy, Elizabeth Sherwood-Randall.