Fairchild Dornier 728 family

Last updated
Fairchild Dornier 528 / 728 / 928
Dlr Do728-Aussenansicht.jpg
Fairchild Dornier 728 prototype TAC 01
Role Regional jet Airliner
National originGermany
Manufacturer Fairchild Dornier GmbH
StatusProgramme cancelled
Number built3 prototypes built to various stages of completion

The Fairchild Dornier 728/928 family was a series of jet-powered regional airliners that was being developed by German-American aviation conglomerate Fairchild Dornier.

Contents

It was a relatively ambitious bid to develop a group of aircraft that would have seated between 50 and 110 passengers, supplementing the existing 328JET series, a smaller regional jet. The 728/928 family is a monoplane design with fixed wings in low wing configuration and two engines mounted under the wings. It has a retractable undercarriage (or landing gear) in tricycle configuration. On 21 March 2002, the roll-out of the first 728 took place. The company planned its maiden flight to occur during the summer of 2002 and for deliveries to commence during mid-2003 to the launch customer Lufthansa Cityline.

The 728 family benefitted from a modern design while the company attracted considerable interest from various airlines upon the programme's launch. By March 2002, a total of eight customers had altogether placed 125 firm orders in addition to signed options for an additional 164 aircraft. However, the programme was derailed at a late stage by the insolvency of Fairchild Dornier, which occurred shortly after the official roll-out of the first 728. [1] Despite attempts to revive the programme, including the establishment of Fairchild Dornier Aeroindustries, customers opted to cancel their orders and no aircraft actually ever flew. The three prototypes that were completed have been sold on for other purposes.

Development

Origins

During the mid-1990s, German aircraft manufacturer Dornier Luftfahrt GmbH experienced considerable financial difficulties; these heavily contributed to the company's acquisition by the American aerospace firm Fairchild Aircraft, after which the organisation became Fairchild Dornier. [2] Shortly thereafter, the company began reorganising itself and examined possibilities for altering its product lineup. The first new aircraft to make it to market, the Fairchild Dornier 328JET, was a relatively straightforward reengining of the turboprop-powered Dornier 328; however, even prior to its first flight, the company had grander ambitions of producing a range of larger regional airliners. [3] [4]

During October 1997, Fairchild Dornier announced what would become the 728 programme, which was initially known as the X28JET project and later publicly rebranded as the 728JET, at the Dubai Airshow. [5] The new family of regional jets, the 528JET, 728JET and 928JET, seating from 55 to 100 passengers was launched at the ILA Berlin Aerospace Show (International Aviation and Space Flight Exhibition) in Berlin on 19 May 1998; prior to this, Fairchild Dornier had received provisional launch orders from German flag carrier Lufthansa, who placed 60 firm orders along with 60 options, and Swiss airline Crossair. [6] [7]

The total investment in the programme, which was sourced from Fairchild Dornier's own funds and from its risk-sharing partners, was reported as being $850 million. According to company President Jim Robinson, $220 million alone was fronted by the suppliers of the wing, fuselage and empennage, while efforts to secure further launch aid from both vendors and the German federal government were also underway. [8] One option explored was to take the company public. [9] Various partnership arrangements were explored; at one stage, Fairchild Dornier were holding discussions with Franko-Italian regional aircraft manufacturer ATR on the topic of collaborating on the 728. [10] At the time of launch, the company anticipated delivery of the initial production aircraft to take place during mid-2001, with type certification being achieved in the same year. [11] [7]

Testing phase

During October 2000, testing of the "Iron Bird", a mechanical/hydraulic full-scale test rig of the 728, commenced. According to the company, this rig was intended to help the company to reduce the development and certification processes by between 150 and 200 hours; it was also envisaged the rebuilding of the iron bird to represent the larger 928 to similarly support its development. [12] Similarly, Fairchild Dornier heavily invested computer simulations of the production and assembly procedures at Oberpfaffenhofen, which were intended to yield major savings in terms of both cost and manpower and costs; this effort was reportedly responsible for reducing the man-hours involved in the 728's manufacture by 60%. [13] Advanced manufacturing equipment was also procured for similar reasons. [14]

During mid-2001, Fairchild Dornier commenced construction of the first prototype, the majority of structural assemblies having been delivered by September 2001. [12] During December 2001, Fairchild Dornier reportedly completed the first fuselage. By January 2002, the first prototype was sufficiently complete to begin taxiing on its own landing gear. During March 2002, the official roll out of "TAC 01" (Test Aircraft 01) - the first prototype - occurred, at which point it was presented to the public for the first time. That same month, TAC 03 was transported to IABG in Ottobrunn for structural testing. [15] [16]

During June 2001, it was reported that leasing firm GECAS placed a firm order for 50 aircraft, as well as additional options up to 100 aircraft. By March 2002, a total of eight customers, among them Lufthansa Cityline, GECAS, Bavaria Leasing, CSA-Czech Airlines, Atlantic Coast Airlines, and SolAir, had reportedly placed a cumulative 125 firm orders for the type, as well as signed options for an additional 164 aircraft.[ citation needed ] According to Fairchild Dornier, it needed to sell 200 aircraft to reach the programme's break-even point. [7]

The lead aircraft of the programme was the 70-to-85 seat 728, which was referred to as the 728JET early on. Assembly of the aircraft was performed at Fairchild Dornier's facility in Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany. [7] On 21 March 2002, the first 728 conducted its official roll-out; it was scheduled to perform its maiden flight during the summer of 2002. Furthermore, deliveries of the type were expected to commence during mid-2003, the launch customer being Lufthansa Cityline. [17] [ unreliable source? ] However, only two days before the roll-out, it was announced that the programme would be set back by two months due to a shortage of available funds. [18] A week later, reports emerged that the company was in talks with four potential new strategic partners, and that securing at least one was of "critical and crucial" importance. [19]

Termination

Prior to the intended date of the 728's first flight being performed, Fairchild Dornier was rendered insolvent and forced to declare bankruptcy on 2 April 2002. [20] One consequence of this was the whole programme being immediately brought to a standstill; shortly thereafter, both Lufthansa and GECAS chose to cancel their orders for the type. The withdrawal of the 728's two biggest customers was a considerable blow to the programme, potentially putting off investors and partners that were being sought out at this time. [21]

During July 2003, D'Long International Strategic Investment Group of Xinjiang, China showed an interest in purchasing a stake the project. A new entity, Fairchild Dornier Aeroindustries, was formed with the aim of completing development of the aircraft, however, this company also filed for bankruptcy during 2004. [17] During this brief revival, no additional aircraft were produced, although structural tests in Dresden were commenced during 2003.[ citation needed ]

Design

The Fairchild Dornier 728 is a relatively conventional airliner in terms of its design, being equipped with a low-mounted wing and powered by a pair of turbofan engines that were mounted in underwing pods beneath the wings. Common to most airliners, it has a monoplane configuration and is furnished with a retractable undercarriage in a tricycle configuration. The flight control surfaces are located at the trailing edge of the wings, such as the Ailerons, and at its empennage, such as the stabilizers.[ citation needed ]

The wing of the 728 was a derivative of the "Tragflügel Neuer Technologie" (TNT) (English: Wing of New Technology) wing configuration that had been originally developed by Dornier for their earlier Dornier 228 utility aircraft. While much of the wing design is a straightforward, if scaled-up, implementation of TNT, it was furnished with novel "Super Shark" blended winglets, which were developed and incorporated into the wing around 2001/2002.[ citation needed ] The low-mounted position of the wing was uncommon amongst Dornier-built aircraft; prior aircraft designs, including the Do 28, Dornier 228 and Dornier 328, had all featured wings that were mounted in a high position relative to the fuselage.

As a means of preventing low-cost carriers from equipping the 728 with six-abreast seating, instead of Cityline's five-abreast seating, Lufthansa pressured Fairchild Dornier to reduce the diameter of the fuselage; this was shrunk from the original 3.40 m (11 ft 2 in) to 3.25 m (10 ft 8 in). The reduction also lowered the weight of the aircraft, but motivated Crossair to move towards the rival Embraer E-Jet family instead; Crossair eventually cancelled their order for the 728, attributing this decision to have been a result of the revised fuselage layout. [22]

During August 1998, Fairchild Dornier announced it had selected General Electric's FADEC-equipped CF34-8D (which has 87% parts commonality with the CF34-8C1 selected to power the competing Bombardier CRJ700 series), ahead of the SNECMA/Pratt & Whitney Canada SPW-14 to power the 728. [7] During September 1998, further 728 suppliers were announced, including Honeywell for its Primus Epic integrated EFIS avionics suite with flat panel LCDs, AlliedSignal to provide the auxiliary power unit (APU) and environmental control system, Lucas Aerospace for the fly-by-wire flight control system, BFGoodrich manufactured elements such as the landing gear, wheels, tyres, brakes and fuel system, Hamilton Sundstrand for the integrated electric system, and Parker Aerospace for the hydraulic systems. Spanish aircraft manufacturer Construcciones Aeronáuticas SA (CASA) was subcontracted to manufacture the wings and empennage of the 728. [12]

The basic version of the 728, referred to as the 728-100, would have been followed around the end of 2003 by the 728–200, which would have featured an extended range capability along with a higher payload capacity. In the weeks prior to the company's insolvency, reports emerged that work on the 728-100 had been abandoned in favour of the more capable 728–200. [23] Development and marketing of the stretched 928 model also continued. However, the 528 ultimately received little interest from the airlines, leading to it being quietly removed from the family plan.[ citation needed ]

Operational history

Fuselage of TAC 02 at Berlin Tempelhof Airport. Do728 fuselage.jpg
Fuselage of TAC 02 at Berlin Tempelhof Airport.
Cockpit module for what was intended to be the 6th aircraft. Fairchild-Dornier 728-06-cockpit.jpeg
Cockpit module for what was intended to be the 6th aircraft.

Three prototypes, TAC 01 - TAC 03 (Test aircraft) were built. TAC 01 was completed with equipment, the second prototype was a complete fuselage in an unfinished stage of installation. TAC 03 was just a fuselage for structural tests. It was brought to Dresden before the insolvency of Fairchild Dornier.

The auction sold (besides many other things) also the prototypes.

Variants

All of the variants planned a high degree of commonality, including engine type, and flightdeck, which would have allowed for a common pilot type rating.

728

The 728-100 was to have a passenger capacity of 70 to 85. The 728 had the largest cabin in its class, being 0.51 m wider than the Embraer 170/190, and 0.70 m wider than the CRJ-700) with five-abreast seating. The 200 was planned to have a 3,000 kg (6615 lbs) higher MTOW and a 750 km (400 NM) increase in range. Uprated CF34-8D3 engines were to be used on the 728–200, in place of the CF34-8D1 engines used in the 728–100. [29] [13]

928

Planned to follow the 728 into service, the 928 had a stretched fuselage that would have enabled the aircraft to achieve a passenger capacity of 95 to 110 seats. The first flight was scheduled for late 2003 with entry into service in 2005. The 928 featured an increased wing span and more powerful GE CF-34-10 engines. A 928-100 version, as well as a 928-200 version that had an increased maximum takeoff weight (MTOW), was planned. [29]

1128

The 1128, sometimes referred to as 1128JET, was an envisaged further stretch of the 928 to accommodate roughly 110 to 120 passengers. [11] [30]

528

The 528 was to have a shortened 23.38 m (76 ft 9 in) fuselage length and 15.84 m (52 ft 0 in) cabin length would have followed the 928. Passenger capacity was envisioned to be 55 to 65 seats.

Envoy 7

Fairchild Dornier also launched a corporate jet version of the 728, referred to as the Envoy 7, which was foreseen to enter service around 2004. The Envoy 7 would have featured intercontinental range and would be equipped with Fairchild Dornier's "Super Shark" winglets. [31] [32] Corporate versions of the 528 and 928, marketed as the Envoy 5 and Envoy 9 respectively, were also planned for.

Airborne Early Warning

Fairchild Dornier unveiled an airborne early warning and control (AEW&C) variant of the 728 during mid-2001. The company proposed developing the aircraft in conjunction with American defense firm Northrop Grumman, outfitted it with the radar and other systems of the E-2 Hawkeye; it also envisioned the development of further special mission variants, such as maritime patrol aircraft and an aerial refuelling tanker. [33]

Specifications

528728928
Wingspan27.12 m (89 ft 0 in)28.81 m (94 ft 6 in)
Wing sweep23.5 degrees
Length23.80 m (78 ft 1 in)27.04 m (88 ft 9 in)30.96 m (101 ft 7 in)
Height9.05 m (29 ft 8 in)9.77 m (32 ft 1 in)
Cabin width3.25 m (10 ft 8 in)
Typical cruise speedMach 0.81Mach 0.8
Maximum cruise speedMach 0.82
Operating range2,963 km (1,600 nmi)3,300 km (1,800 nmi)3,565 km (1,925 nmi)
Empty Weight20,435 kg (45,051 lb)28,530 kg (62,900 lb)
Max Takeoff Weight30,990 kg (68,320 lb)35,200 kg (77,600 lb)44,500 kg (98,100 lb)
Service Ceiling11,280 m (37,010 ft)
Engine Options (2x) GE CF34-8D1
52.8 kN (11,900 lbf)		 GE CF34-8D3
55.6 kN (12,500 lbf)		 GE CF34-10D
75.6 kN (17,000 lbf)
Passengers (max)55-6570-8095-110
Cockpit Crew2

(Performance data is estimated as the aircraft was not flight tested when the program was cancelled.)

References: [34] [35]

See also

Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dornier Flugzeugwerke</span> German aircraft manufacturer

Dornier Flugzeugwerke was a German aircraft manufacturer founded in Friedrichshafen in 1914 by Claude Dornier. Over the course of its long lifespan, the company produced many designs for both the civil and military markets.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">DASA</span> 1989–2000 German aerospace manufacturer

DASA was a German aerospace manufacturer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Boeing 737</span> Single-aisle airliner family by Boeing

The Boeing 737 is a narrow-body aircraft produced by Boeing at its Renton factory in Washington. Developed to supplement the Boeing 727 on short and thin routes, the twinjet retained the 707 fuselage width and six abreast seating but with two underwing turbofans instead of four. Envisioned in 1964, the initial 737-100 made its first flight in April 1967 and entered service in February 1968 with Lufthansa. The lengthened 737-200 entered service in April 1968, and evolved through four generations, offering several variants for 85 to 215 passengers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Airbus A320 family</span> European airliner family

The Airbus A320 family is a series of narrow-body airliners developed and produced by Airbus. The A320 was launched in March 1984, first flew on 22 February 1987, and was introduced in April 1988 by Air France. The first member of the family was followed by the longer A321, the shorter A319, and the even shorter A318 . Final assembly takes place in Toulouse in France; Hamburg in Germany; Tianjin in China since 2009; and Mobile, Alabama in the United States since April 2016.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Airbus A321</span> Airliner, stretched model of the A320 family

The Airbus A321 is a member of the Airbus A320 family of short to medium range, narrow-body, commercial passenger twin engine jet airliners; it carries 185 to 236 passengers. It has a stretched fuselage which was the first derivative of the baseline A320 and entered service in 1994, about six years after the original A320. The aircraft shares a common type rating with all other Airbus A320-family variants, allowing A320-family pilots to fly the aircraft without the need for further training.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fokker F28 Fellowship</span> Short range jet airliner produced 1967-1987

The Fokker F28 Fellowship is a twin-engined, short-range jet airliner designed and built by Dutch aircraft manufacturer Fokker.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fokker 100</span> Twin-engine airliner produced 1986–1998

The Fokker 100 is a regional jet that was produced by Fokker in the Netherlands. The Fokker 100 was based on the Fokker F28 with a fuselage stretched by 18.8 ft (5.7 m) to seat up to 109 passengers, up from 85. It is powered by two newer Rolls-Royce Tay turbofans, and it has an updated glass cockpit and a wider wing and tail for increased maximum weights.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Embraer E-Jet family</span> Regional jet airliner family

The Embraer E-Jet family is a series of four-abreast, narrow-body, short- to medium-range, twin-engined jet airliners designed and produced by Brazilian aerospace manufacturer Embraer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bombardier Challenger 600 series</span> Business jet family by Canadair, later Bombardier

The Bombardier Challenger 600 series is a family of business jets developed by Canadair after a Bill Lear concept, and then produced from 1986 by its new owner, Bombardier Aerospace. At the end of 1975, Canadair began funding the development of LearStar 600, and then bought the design for a wide-cabin business jet in April 1976. On 29 October, the programme was launched, backed by the Canadian federal government, and designed to comply with new FAR part 25 standards.

Skyway Airlines was an American ramp and aircraft ground handling services and catering company based in Oak Creek, Wisconsin. Until April 5, 2008, it operated as a regional airline and banner carrier exclusively for Midwest Express Airlines under the business name Midwest Connect, feeding Midwest's hub at General Mitchell International Airport with twelve 32-seat Fairchild-Dornier 328JET regional jet aircraft, and four 19-seat Beechcraft 1900 commuter turboprops. Skyway Airlines, along with its parent corporation, Midwest Air Group, has since ceased operations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dornier 328</span> Regional airliner family by Dornier

The Dornier 328 is a turboprop-powered commuter airliner. Initially produced by Dornier Luftfahrt GmbH, the firm was acquired in 1996 by Fairchild Aircraft. The resulting firm, named Fairchild-Dornier, manufactured the 328 family in Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany, conducted sales from San Antonio, Texas, United States, and supported the product line from both locations. A jet-powered version of the aircraft, the Fairchild Dornier 328JET, was also produced.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Baade 152</span> East German jet passenger airliner

The Baade 152 also known as Dresden 152, VL-DDR 152 or simply 152, was a post-war airliner designed and manufactured by East German aircraft company VEB Flugzeugwerke Dresden. The aircraft was named after German aeronautical engineer Brunolf Baade, the principal designer involved in the programme. It had the distinction of being the first jet airliner to be developed in Germany.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fairchild Dornier 328JET</span> Regional airliner

The Fairchild-Dornier 328JET is a commuter airliner, based upon the turboprop-powered Dornier 328, developed by the German aircraft manufacturer Dornier Luftfahrt GmbH. It would be the last Dornier-designed aircraft to reach production before the company's collapse during the early 2000s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Regional jet</span> Small jet airliner

A regional jet (RJ) is a jet-powered regional airliner with fewer than 100 seats. The first one was the Sud-Aviation Caravelle in 1959, followed by the widespread Yakovlev Yak-40, Fokker F-28, and BAe 146. The 1990s saw the emergence of the most widespread Canadair Regional Jet and its Embraer Regional Jet counterpart, then the larger Embraer E-Jet and multiple competing projects. In the US, they are limited in size by scope clauses.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hydrogen-powered aircraft</span> Type of airplane

A hydrogen-powered aircraft is an aeroplane that uses hydrogen fuel as a power source. Hydrogen can either be burned in a jet engine or another kind of internal combustion engine, or can be used to power a fuel cell to generate electricity to power an electric propulsor. It cannot be stored in a traditional wet wing, and hydrogen tanks have to be housed in the fuselage or be supported by the wing.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fairchild Dornier 428JET</span> Regional jet concept

The Fairchild Dornier 428JET was a program undertaken by American company Fairchild Dornier to develop a 44-seat regional jet aircraft. The program was part of a broader attempt by the company to develop a family of regional jets, comprising the 328JET, 428JET, and the 728 series. This family of aircraft was designed to compete with the Bombardier CRJ and Embraer ERJ/Embraer E-Jets families. The aircraft was announced on May 19, 1998. It was cancelled in August 2000.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bombardier CRJ100/200</span> Regional jet airliner

The Bombardier CRJ100 and CRJ200 is a regional jet designed and manufactured by Bombardier Aerospace between 1991 and 2006, the first of the Bombardier CRJ family.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bombardier CRJ700 series</span> Regional jet airliner series

The Bombardier CRJ550, CRJ700, CRJ705, CRJ900, and CRJ1000 are a family of regional jet airliners that were designed and manufactured by Canadian transportation conglomerate Bombardier between 1999 and 2020. Their design was derived from the smaller CRJ100 and 200 airliners, the other members of the Bombardier CRJ aircraft family. The CRJ program was acquired by the Japanese corporation Mitsubishi Heavy Industries in 2020, which ended production of the aircraft.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lockheed Martin X-55</span> Experimental aircraft

The Lockheed Martin X-55 Advanced Composite Cargo Aircraft (ACCA) is an experimental twinjet transport aircraft. It is intended to demonstrate new air cargo-carrier capabilities using advanced composite materials. A project of the United States Air Force's Air Force Research Laboratory, it was built by the international aerospace company Lockheed Martin, at its Advanced Development Programs facility in Palmdale, California.

A hybrid electric aircraft is an aircraft with a hybrid electric powertrain. As the energy density of lithium-ion batteries is much lower than aviation fuel, a hybrid electric powertrain may effectively increase flight range compared to pure electric aircraft. By May 2018, there were over 30 hybrid electric aircraft projects, and short-haul hybrid-electric airliners were envisioned from 2032.

References

Citations

  1. ↑ "Aerospace America Online - INDUSTRY INSIGHTS - Fairchild Dornier: Phoenix into ashes". AIAA. Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2012.
  2. ↑ Jeziorski, Andrzej. "Fit for Europe's future." Flight International, 8 April 1998.
  3. ↑ Jeziorski, Andrzej. "Fairchild rolls out first 328JET." Flight International, 17 December 1997.
  4. ↑ O'Toole, Kevin. "Regional revolution." Flight International, 11 February 1998.
  5. ↑ "Dornier 528, 728 and 928 (Germany), Aircraft - Fixed-Wing - Civil". Jane's All the World's Aircraft. 26 July 2005. Archived from the original on 27 January 2013. Retrieved 8 January 2008.
  6. ↑ Hoeveler, P. (July 1999). "Fairchild 728JET gets boost from Lufthansa". Flug Revue. p. 40. Archived from the original on 3 October 2007. Retrieved 3 January 2008.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 "Fairchild Dornier launches 728JET." Flight International, 27 May 1998.
  8. ↑ Warwick, Graham. "Fairchild Dornier outlines financing plans for 728JET." Flight International, 3 June 1998.
  9. ↑ "New jets are Child's play." Flight International, 1 July 1998.
  10. ↑ Moxon, Julian. "ATR holds 728JET partnership discussions." Flight International, 9 December 1998.
  11. 1 2 Jeziorski, Andrzej. "Fairchild Dornier gives the go-ahead to 428JET project." Flight International, 20 May 1998.
  12. 1 2 3 Lewis, Paul. "728JET production gears up in Germany." Flight International, 25 September 2001.
  13. 1 2 "Fairchild Dornier poised for pivotal 728 roll-out." Flight International, 27 February 2002.
  14. ↑ Wastnage, Justine. "Jewel in tarnished crown." Flight International, 30 April 2002.
  15. ↑ "Transport of the 728 from Fairchild Dornier to IABG". Iabg.de. Archived from the original on 15 December 2007. Retrieved 30 September 2012.
  16. ↑ "Structure Tests on the 728-100 Production Prototype have been re-commenced". Iabg.de. 14 February 2011. Archived from the original on 19 April 2008. Retrieved 30 September 2012.
  17. 1 2 "Fairchild Dornier 728 Single Aisle Jet Airliner, USA/Germany." Aerospace-Technology.com, Retrieved: 3 January 2008.
  18. ↑ Lewis, Paul. "Fairchild Dornier seeks new backing as orders tumble." Flight International, 19 March 2002.
  19. ↑ "'Critical' need for Fairchild Dornier to find partner." Flight International, 26 March 2002.
  20. ↑ "Fairchild Dornier prepares for creditor protection." Flight International, 2 April 2002.
  21. ↑ Campbell, Alexander. "Fairchild Dornier survival rests on rescue package." Flight International, 9 April 2002.
  22. ↑ Thomalla, V.K. (November 2000). "Full Speed Ahead for Fairchild Dornier 728JET". Flug Revue. p. 32. Archived from the original on 26 April 2007. Retrieved 3 January 2008.
  23. ↑ Lewis, Paul. "Fairchild Dornier ditches 728-100." Flight International, 19 April 2002.
  24. ↑ "Video of Cabin research on the Dornier Do 728".
  25. ↑ "DO 728 - DLR Portal". www.dlr.de. Archived from the original on 2020-01-11.
  26. ↑ "Dornier Do 728 als Versuchsträger -".
  27. ↑ "Dornier Dornier Do.728 -". airplane-pictures.net. Archived from the original on 2017-07-19. Retrieved 1 March 2014.
  28. ↑ "TAC03 | Fairchild-Dornier Do-728 | Fairchild-Dornier | Dave Henderson".
  29. 1 2 Hewson, R. (2002). "Fairchild Dornier's All-New Airliner To Be with Us In Just a Few Weeks". AviationWeek.com. Retrieved 8 January 2008.
  30. ↑ Lewis, Paul. "Regional revolution." Flight International, 12 June 2001.
  31. ↑ "Fairchild Dornier to use Super Shark winglet for Envoy 7." Archived 26 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine , Defence Systems Daily, Retrieved: 5 January 2008.
  32. ↑ Lewis, Paul. "Envoy 7 will get a hybrid winglet." Flight International, 29 May 2001.
  33. ↑ Lewis, Paul. "Early warning 728JET is revealed." Flight International, 12 June 2001.
  34. ↑ "Data sheet about the 728". Airliners.net. Retrieved 30 September 2012.
  35. ↑ "Flugrevue Data sheet about the 728". Archived from the original on 9 May 2006. Retrieved 23 June 2006.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.