Foias constant

Last updated
Evolution of the sequence
x
n
+
1
=
(
1
+
1
/
x
n
)
n
{\displaystyle x_{n+1}=(1+1/x_{n})^{n}}
for several values of
x
1
{\displaystyle x_{1}}
, around the Foias constant
a
{\displaystyle \alpha }
. Evolution for
x
1
=
a
{\displaystyle x_{1}=\alpha }
is in green. Other initial values lead to two accumulation points, 1 and
[?]
{\displaystyle \infty }
. A logarithmic scale is used. Foias constant sequence.png
Evolution of the sequence for several values of , around the Foias constant . Evolution for is in green. Other initial values lead to two accumulation points, 1 and . A logarithmic scale is used.

In mathematical analysis, the Foias constant is a real number named after Ciprian Foias.

It is defined in the following way: for every real number x1 > 0, there is a sequence defined by the recurrence relation

for n = 1, 2, 3, .... The Foias constant is the unique choice α such that if x1 = α then the sequence diverges to infinity. For all other values of x1, the sequence is divergent as well, but it has two accumulation points: 1 and infinity. [1] Numerically, it is

. [2]

No closed form for the constant is known.

When x1 = α then the growth rate of the sequence (xn) is given by the limit

where "log" denotes the natural logarithm. [1]

The same methods used in the proof of the uniqueness of the Foias constant may also be applied to other similar recursive sequences. [3]

See also

Notes and references

  1. 1 2 Ewing, J. and Foias, C. "An Interesting Serendipitous Real Number." In Finite versus Infinite: Contributions to an Eternal Dilemma (Ed. C. Caluse and G. Păun). London: Springer-Verlag, pp. 119–126, 2000.
  2. Sloane, N. J. A. (ed.). "SequenceA085848(Decimal expansion of Foias's Constant)". The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences . OEIS Foundation.
  3. Anghel, Nicolae (2018), "Foias numbers" (PDF), An. Ştiinţ. Univ. "Ovidius" Constanţa Ser. Mat., 26 (3): 21–28, doi:10.2478/auom-2018-0030, S2CID   195842026

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