Foreign relations of Mauritius

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Mauritius has strong and friendly relations with the West, with South Asian countries and with the countries of southern and eastern Africa. It is a member of the World Trade Organization, the Commonwealth of Nations, La Francophonie, the African Union, the Southern Africa Development Community, the Indian Ocean Commission, COMESA, and the recently formed Indian Ocean Rim Association.

Contents

Trade, commitment to democracy, and the country's small size are driving forces behind Mauritian foreign policy. The country's political heritage and dependence on Western markets have led to close ties with the European Union and its member states, particularly France, as well as the United Kingdom, a former member state. Mauritius' only immediate neighbour is Reunion Island, an overseas department of France that is also part of the European Union.

Considered part of Africa geographically, Mauritius has friendly relations with other African states in the region, particularly South Africa, by far its largest continental trading partner. Mauritian investors are gradually entering African markets, notably Madagascar and Mozambique. Mauritius coordinates much of its foreign policy with the Southern Africa Development Community and the Organisation of African Unity. The country is also a member of the Port Management Association of Eastern and Southern Africa (PMAESA).

Relations with France and India are strong for both historical and commercial reasons. Foreign embassies in Mauritius include Australia, South Korea, the United Kingdom, People's Republic of China, Egypt, France, India, Madagascar, Pakistan, Russian Federation, Bangladesh, and the United States.

Mauritius is also a member of the International Criminal Court with a Bilateral Immunity Agreement of protection for the US-military (as covered under Article 98).

International disputes

Mauritius claims the entire Chagos Archipelago in the Indian Ocean and also claims the whole French-administered Tromelin Island.

Diplomatic relations

List of countries which Mauritius maintains diplomatic relations with:

Diplomatic relations of Mauritius.svg
#CountryDate
1Flag of France.svg  France 29 February 1968 [1]
2Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 12 March 1968 [2]
3Flag of the United States.svg  United States 12 March 1968 [3]
4Flag of India.svg  India 12 March 1968 [4]
5Flag of Pakistan.svg  Pakistan 12 March 1968 [5]
6Flag of Russia.svg  Russia 17 March 1968 [6]
7Flag of Germany.svg  Germany 23 March 1968 [7]
8Flag of Israel.svg  Israel 23 April 1968 [2]
9Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada 24 April 1968 [8]
10Flag of New Zealand.svg  New Zealand 28 April 1968 [9]
11Flag of Madagascar.svg  Madagascar 27 August 1968 [10]
12Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium 1968 [11]
13Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands 5 March 1969 [2]
14Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland 11 March 1969 [2]
15Flag of Japan.svg  Japan 22 October 1969 [2]
Flag of the Vatican City - 2001 version.svg  Holy See 9 March 1970 [12]
16Flag of Egypt.svg  Egypt 26 March 1970 [13]
17Flag of Italy.svg  Italy 8 April 1970 [14]
18Flag of Syria.svg  Syria 22 May 1970 [15]
19Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia 25 September 1970 [16]
20Flag of Serbia.svg  Serbia 6 October 1970 [17]
21Flag of South Korea.svg  South Korea 3 July 1971 [18]
22Flag of Iran.svg  Iran 25 September 1971 [19]
23Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China 15 April 1972 [20]
24Flag of Bangladesh.svg  Bangladesh 1972 [21]
25Flag of Norway.svg  Norway 30 January 1973 [22]
26Flag of Luxembourg.svg  Luxembourg 28 February 1973 [23]
27Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark 2 March 1973 [24]
28Flag of North Korea.svg  North Korea 16 March 1973 [25]
29Flag of Guinea.svg  Guinea 29 October 1973 [26]
30Flag of Finland.svg  Finland 31 October 1973 [27]
31Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden 1973 [24]
32Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 8 April 1974 [28]
33Flag of Jamaica.svg  Jamaica 20 May 1974 [29]
34Flag of Romania.svg  Romania 25 June 1974 [30]
35Flag of Barbados.svg  Barbados 14 December 1974 [31]
36Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 1974 [32]
37Flag of Bulgaria.svg  Bulgaria 20 June 1975 [33]
38Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates 4 January 1976 [34]
39Flag of Kuwait.svg  Kuwait 11 January 1976 [35]
40Flag of Tunisia.svg  Tunisia 9 February 1976 [36]
41Flag of Austria.svg  Austria 10 February 1976 [37]
42Flag of Algeria.svg  Algeria 12 February 1976 [38]
43Flag of Bahrain.svg  Bahrain 12 February 1976 [39]
44Flag of Libya.svg  Libya 17 February 1976 [40]
45Flag of Jordan.svg  Jordan February 1976 [41]
46Flag of Iraq.svg  Iraq 22 March 1976 [42]
47Flag of Oman.svg  Oman 22 March 1976 [43]
48Flag of Yemen.svg  Yemen March 1976 [44]
49Flag of Morocco.svg  Morocco 8 June 1976 [42]
50Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czech Republic 10 June 1976 [45]
51Flag of Nigeria.svg  Nigeria 16 June 1976 [46]
52Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg  Democratic Republic of the Congo 19 June 1976 [47]
53Flag of Uganda.svg  Uganda 19 June 1976 [48]
54Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico 30 July 1976 [49]
55Flag of Cuba.svg  Cuba 18 October 1976 [50]
56Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey 18 October 1976 [51]
57Flag of Portugal.svg  Portugal 12 December 1976 [52]
58Flag of Albania.svg  Albania October 1977 [53]
Flag of the Order of St. John (various).svg  Sovereign Military Order of Malta 1977 [54]
59Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg  Saudi Arabia 5 August 1978 [55]
60Flag of Myanmar.svg  Myanmar 30 December 1978 [56]
61Flag of Thailand.svg  Thailand 22 January 1979 [57]
62Flag of Poland.svg  Poland 30 April 1979 [58]
63Flag of Spain.svg  Spain 30 May 1979 [59]
64Flag of Sudan.svg  Sudan 1979 [60]
65Flag of Maldives.svg  Maldives 15 January 1981 [61]
66Flag of Nepal.svg    Nepal 12 February 1981 [62]
67Flag of Greece.svg  Greece 23 February 1981 [63]
68Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia 27 May 1983 [64]
69Flag of Gabon.svg  Gabon August 1983 [65]
Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg  Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic 1983 [66]
70Flag of Mozambique.svg  Mozambique 29 November 1984 [67]
71Flag of the Comoros.svg  Comoros 25 February 1985 [68]
72Flag of Malaysia.svg  Malaysia 13 August 1986 [69]
73Flag of Qatar.svg  Qatar 1986 [70]
74Flag of Seychelles.svg  Seychelles 17 June 1988 [71]
75Flag of Chile.svg  Chile 30 September 1988 [72]
76Flag of Colombia.svg  Colombia 30 September 1988 [63]
77Flag of Singapore.svg  Singapore 27 October 1989 [73]
78Flag of Hungary.svg  Hungary 24 April 1990 [74]
79Flag of Brunei.svg  Brunei 2 July 1990 [75]
Flag of Palestine.svg  State of Palestine 1990 [76]
80Flag of Ukraine.svg  Ukraine 12 October 1992 [63]
81Flag of Guyana.svg  Guyana 1 December 1992 [63]
82Flag of South Africa.svg  South Africa 7 December 1993 [77]
83Flag of Vietnam.svg  Vietnam 4 May 1994 [63]
84Flag of Cambodia.svg  Cambodia 18 May 1994 [63]
85Flag of Slovakia.svg  Slovakia 31 May 1995 [63]
86Flag of Ethiopia.svg  Ethiopia June 1996 [78]
87Flag of Azerbaijan.svg  Azerbaijan 19 July 1996 [79]
88Flag of the Marshall Islands.svg  Marshall Islands 23 October 1996 [63]
89Flag of Slovenia.svg  Slovenia 30 May 1997 [80]
90Flag of Turkmenistan.svg  Turkmenistan 2 July 1997 [63]
91Flag of Namibia.svg  Namibia 16 July 1997 [81]
92Flag of Croatia.svg  Croatia 3 September 1997 [63]
93Flag of the Philippines.svg  Philippines 23 January 1998 [82]
94Flag of Uzbekistan.svg  Uzbekistan 4 August 1999 [83]
95Flag of Lithuania.svg  Lithuania 20 September 1999 [84]
96Flag of Ireland.svg  Ireland August 2000 [24]
97Flag of Cyprus.svg  Cyprus 1 February 2001 [63]
98Flag of North Macedonia.svg  North Macedonia 7 February 2001 [85]
99Flag of Malawi.svg  Malawi 9 February 2001 [63]
100Flag of Rwanda.svg  Rwanda 16 March 2001 [63]
101Flag of Moldova.svg  Moldova 25 June 2001 [63]
102Flag of Vanuatu.svg  Vanuatu 13 August 2001 [86]
103Flag of El Salvador.svg  El Salvador 6 September 2001 [63]
104Flag of Estonia.svg  Estonia 24 October 2001 [87]
105Flag of Laos.svg  Laos 23 May 2002 [63]
106Flag of Zimbabwe.svg  Zimbabwe 6 December 2002 [88]
107Flag of Latvia.svg  Latvia 12 February 2003 [63]
108Flag of Sao Tome and Principe.svg  São Tomé and Príncipe 28 February 2003 [63]
109Flag of The Gambia.svg  Gambia 4 March 2003 [63]
110Flag of Burkina Faso.svg  Burkina Faso 14 March 2003 [63]
111Flag of East Timor.svg  East Timor 20 March 2003 [63]
112Flag of Benin.svg  Benin 24 March 2003 [63]
113Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg  Dominican Republic 30 April 2003 [63]
114Flag of Ecuador.svg  Ecuador 13 May 2003 [63]
115Flag of Fiji.svg  Fiji 2 September 2003 [89]
116Flag of Dominica.svg  Dominica 23 September 2003 [63]
117Flag of Belarus.svg  Belarus 26 September 2003 [63]
118Flag of Mali.svg  Mali 1 December 2003 [63]
119Flag of Iceland.svg  Iceland 15 December 2003 [63]
120Flag of Eritrea.svg  Eritrea 21 April 2004 [63]
121Flag of Equatorial Guinea.svg  Equatorial Guinea 26 May 2004 [63]
122Flag of Venezuela.svg  Venezuela 2 May 2005 [63]
123Flag of Malta.svg  Malta 19 May 2005 [90]
124Flag of Guatemala.svg  Guatemala 7 September 2006 [63]
125Flag of Andorra.svg  Andorra 21 December 2006 [63]
126Flag of Tanzania.svg  Tanzania 22 May 2007 [91]
127Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg  Bosnia and Herzegovina 30 May 2007 [63]
128Flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.svg  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 18 June 2007 [63]
129Flag of Eswatini.svg  Eswatini 29 January 2008 [92]
130Flag of Sri Lanka.svg  Sri Lanka 20 July 2010 [93]
131Flag of Paraguay.svg  Paraguay 28 September 2010 [63]
132Flag of Mauritania.svg  Mauritania 1 December 2010 [94]
133Flag of Georgia.svg  Georgia 3 March 2011 [63]
134Flag of the Republic of the Congo.svg  Republic of the Congo 6 July 2011 [63]
135Flag of Honduras.svg  Honduras 8 September 2011 [63]
136Flag of Bhutan.svg  Bhutan 2 July 2012 [63]
137Flag of Montenegro.svg  Montenegro 26 September 2012 [95]
138Flag of Armenia.svg  Armenia 28 June 2013 [63]
139Flag of Mongolia.svg  Mongolia 3 July 2014 [63]
140Flag of Kazakhstan.svg  Kazakhstan 15 October 2014 [63]
141Flag of Saint Lucia.svg  Saint Lucia 7 November 2014 [96]
142Flag of Cote d'Ivoire.svg  Ivory Coast 4 March 2016 [63]
143Flag of Kyrgyzstan (2023).svg  Kyrgyzstan 16 June 2016 [63]
144Flag of the Solomon Islands.svg  Solomon Islands 1 July 2016 [63]
145Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svg  Saint Kitts and Nevis 25 November 2016 [97]
146Flag of Djibouti.svg  Djibouti 12 December 2016 [63]
147Flag of the Bahamas.svg  Bahamas 18 January 2017 [63]
148Flag of Togo.svg  Togo 22 February 2017 [63]
149Flag of the Central African Republic.svg  Central African Republic 24 March 2017 [63]
150Flag of Tajikistan.svg  Tajikistan 10 May 2017 [63]
151Flag of Liechtenstein.svg  Liechtenstein 12 May 2017 [63]
152Flag of the Federated States of Micronesia.svg  Federated States of Micronesia 10 October 2017 [63]
153Flag of Haiti.svg  Haiti 13 February 2018 [63]
154Flag of Palau.svg  Palau 15 March 2018 [63]
155Flag of Niger.svg  Niger 26 March 2018 [63]
156Flag of Belize.svg  Belize 4 April 2018 [63]
157Flag of San Marino.svg  San Marino 20 April 2018 [63]
158Flag of Uruguay.svg  Uruguay 15 May 2019 [63]
159Flag of Suriname.svg  Suriname 21 March 2022 [63]
160Flag of Angola.svg  Angola Unknown
161Flag of Botswana.svg  Botswana Unknown
162Flag of Cape Verde.svg  Cape Verde Unknown
163Flag of Ghana.svg  Ghana Unknown
164Flag of Kenya.svg  Kenya Unknown
165Flag of Lesotho.svg  Lesotho Unknown
166Flag of Senegal.svg  Senegal Unknown
167Flag of Somalia.svg  Somalia Unknown
168Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg  Trinidad and Tobago Unknown
169Flag of Zambia.svg  Zambia Unknown

Bilateral relations

CountryFormal Relations BeganNotes
Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia 25 September 1970
  • Australia has a high commission in Port Louis.
  • Mauritius has a high commission in Canberra.
Flag of Bangladesh.svg  Bangladesh 1972See Bangladesh–Mauritius relations

Bangladesh and Mauritius share a common heritage in culture and politics. Diplomatic relations were established in 1972, soon after the achievement of Bangladeshi independence. Both nations have rapidly growing trade ties and increasing investment and financial linkages. Bangladesh has a High Commission in Port Louis. The two countries are common members of the Indian Ocean Rim Association and the Commonwealth of Nations.

  • Bangladesh has a high commission in Port Louis.
  • Mauritius is accredited to Bangladesh from its high commission in New Delhi, India.
Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 1975
  • Brazil is accredited to Mauritius from its embassy in Pretoria, South Africa.
  • Mauritius is accredited to Brazil from its embassy Washington, D.C., United States.
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada 1967

Canada and Mauritius established diplomatic relations in 1967. [98] Both countries are members of the Commonwealth of Nations and La Francophonie.

  • Canada is accredited to Mauritius from its high commission in Pretoria, South Africa and maintains an honorary consulate in Port Louis.
  • Mauritius is accredited to Canada from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States.
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China 15 April 1972See China–Mauritius relations

Under the President of the People's Republic of China Hu Jintao in 2010, an investment package of $750m was allocated to Mauritius to develop the Jinfei Special Economic Zone which consists of 211 hectares (521 acres) of land. Buildings of infrastructure and services primarily serving interests of Chinese companies operating the African region but would also eventually open up to foreign parties. The proposed investment package also includes development of advance logistic operations in Mauritius, construction of a university and an oceanographic research centre. [99] This investment package is Mauritius' largest single foreign direct investment ever. [100]

Flag of Cyprus.svg  Cyprus 1 February 2001
  • Both countries are members of the Commonwealth of Nations
  • List of bilateral agreements. [101]
  • Cyprus is accredited to Mauritius from its High Commission in Pretoria, South Africa.
  • Mauritius is accredited to Cyprus from its embassy in Brussels, Belgium.
Flag of Ethiopia.svg  Ethiopia
  • Ethiopia is accredited to Mauritius from its embassy in Harare, Zimbabwe.
  • Mauritius has an embassy in Addis Ababa.
Flag of France.svg  France 12 March 1968See France–Mauritius relations

France has remained one of its biggest trading partners; in addition, the two countries share close cultural ties in language, media and literature.

  • France has an embassy in Port Louis.
  • Mauritius has an embassy in Paris.
  • Both nations are members of La Francophonie.
Flag of Germany.svg  Germany 23 March 1968
  • Germany is accredited to Mauritius from its embassy in Antananarivo, Madagascar.
  • Mauritius has an embassy in Berlin.
Flag of Greece.svg  Greece 23 February 1981
  • Greece is accredited to Mauritius from its embassy in Nairobi, Kenya. [102]
  • Mauritius is accredited to Greece from its embassy in Brussels, Belgium. [102]
Flag of Guyana.svg  Guyana 1 December 1992
  • Mauritius is accredited to Guyana from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States.
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on December 1, 1992. [103]
  • Both countries are full members of the Commonwealth of Nations.
Flag of India.svg  India 12 March 1968See Mauritius–India relations

India and Mauritius established diplomatic relations in 1948. India has remained one of its biggest trading partners; in addition India has deep social and historical links with a large portion of the population of Mauritius, India is the country's second largest source of foreign assistance. [104]

Flag of Israel.svg  Israel

Both countries have signed many bilateral agreements. [108]

Flag of Kenya.svg  Kenya See Kenya–Mauritius relations
  • Kenya is accredited to Mauritius from its high commission in Pretoria, South Africa.
  • Mauritius is accredited to Kenya from its embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Flag of Madagascar.svg  Madagascar 27 August 1968See Madagascar–Mauritius relations
  • Madagascar has an embassy in Port Louis.
  • Mauritius has an embassy in Antananarivo.
Flag of Malaysia.svg  Malaysia 13 August 1986See Malaysia–Mauritius relations

Both countries share strong common ground when it comes to culture. Both were governed by both Dutch and British rulers and gained their independence in the second half of the twentieth century. Both have sizeable representations of Indian and Chinese ethnic groups. Of the 30,000 people of Chinese ancestry residing in Mauritius, the vast majority come from the Hakka and Cantonese provinces, both of which are well present among Malaysia's population of Chinese ancestry. In both countries, Islam, Hinduism and Christianity are represented by important communities. Thus, Malaysia's population consists of 60.4% Muslims, 6.4% of Hindus and 9.1% of Christians; the respective figures for Mauritius are 16.6%, 52% and 30%.

Mauritius has established a High Commission in Kuala Lumpur. Malaysia is not represented by a High Commission in Mauritius, the closest delegates being posted to Zimbabwe. [109] A Double Taxation Avoidance agreement exists between the two countries. Malaysian nationals do not require a visa to enter Mauritius, and Mauritian passport holders do not require a visa to enter Malaysia for tourism.

In recent years, the spectacular development experienced by Malaysia has seen a steady increase in the number of Mauritian visitors to the country. Official figures reveal that 2,320 Mauritian residents disembarked in Malaysia in 2010, a 27.8% increase on the previous year.[ citation needed ] While this is four times less than the number of Mauritians travelling to Singapore, the trend remains highly positive. In the other direction, 1,438 Malaysian tourists visited Mauritius in 2010, which represents a 23.5% rise on 2009 figures. Most of these tourists arrived during the months of May (143 visitors), June (118), September (188), November (179) and December (172).[ citation needed ]

Another recent trend has been that of Mauritian youngsters going to Malaysia for higher studies, encouraged by the affordable fees and quality of life.

  • Malaysia is accredited to Mauritius from its embassy in Harare, Zimbabwe.
  • Mauritius has a high commission in Kuala Lumpur.
Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico 30 July 1976
  • Mauritius is accredited to Mexico from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States.
  • Mexico is accredited to Mauritius from its embassy in Pretoria, South Africa and maintains an honorary consulate in Port Louis. [110]
Flag of Pakistan.svg  Pakistan 1969See Mauritius–Pakistan relations

Relations between Pakistan and Mauritius were first established in 1969. On November 30, 2007, the two countries signed a bilateral Preferential Trade Agreement. [111]

  • Mauritius has a High Commission in Islamabad.
  • Pakistan has a High Commission in Port Louis.
Flag of Romania.svg  Romania 25 June 1974

Both countries established diplomatic relations on July 30, 1976. [112]

Flag of Russia.svg  Russia 17 March 1968See Mauritius–Russia relations

The Soviet Union and Mauritius established diplomatic relations on March 17, 1968. [113] The Russian Federation has an embassy in Floreal, Mauritius, and Mauritius has an embassy in Moscow, which was opened in July 2003. [114]

  • Mauritius has an embassy in Moscow.
  • Russia has an embassy in Port Louis.
Flag of Seychelles.svg  Seychelles 17 June 1988
  • Mauritius has an honorary consulate in Victoria.
  • Seychelles has an honorary consulate in Port Louis.
Flag of South Africa.svg  South Africa 6 December 1993See Mauritius–South Africa relations

Relations between South Africa and Mauritius were established in 1992 with the establishing of Representative Offices in both countries. Full diplomatic relations were established in 1994. Upon South Africa's return to the Commonwealth, relations have been conducted at the level of High Commission. There is no visa requirements for South Africans visiting Mauritius.

  • Mauritius has a high commission in Pretoria.
  • South Africa has a high commission Port Louis.
Flag of South Korea.svg  South Korea 3 July 1971

Mauritius and the Republic of Korea established Diplomatic Relations on July 3, 1971. [115]

  • Mauritius is accredited to South Korea from its embassy in Beijing, China.
  • South Korea is accredited to Mauritius from its embassy in Nairobi, Kenya.
Flag of Spain.svg  Spain 30 May 1979
  • Mauritius is accredited to Spain from its embassy in Paris, France.
  • Spain is accredited to Mauritius from its embassy in Pretoria, South Africa.
Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland
Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey 18 October 1976See Mauritius–Turkey relations
  • Embassy of Mauritius in Berlin is accredited to Turkey. [117]
  • Turkish Embassy in Antananarivo is accredited to Mauritius. [117]
  • Trade volume between the two countries was 76.5 million USD in 2019. [117]
  • There are direct flights from Istanbul to Mauritius since 15 December 2015. [117]
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 12 March 1968
  • Mauritius has a high commission in London.
  • United Kingdom has a high commission in Port Louis.
Flag of the United States.svg  United States 12 March 1968See Mauritius–United States relations
George W. Bush and Mauritian Prime Minister Anerood Jugnauth. Oval Office, June 26, 2003. Anerood jugnauth n bush.jpg
George W. Bush and Mauritian Prime Minister Anerood Jugnauth. Oval Office, June 26, 2003.

Official U.S. representation in Mauritius dates from the end of the 18th century. An American consulate was established in 1794 and was closed in 1911. It was reopened in 1967 and elevated to embassy status upon Mauritius' independence in 1968. Since 1970, the mission has been directed by a resident U.S. ambassador. In 2002, Mauritius recalled its ambassador to the United Nations for not accurately conveying his government's pro-American stance in the Security Council debate. [118]

  • Mauritius has an embassy in Washington, D.C.
  • United States has an embassy in Port Louis.
Flag of Vietnam.svg  Vietnam 4 May 1994

Both countries established diplomatic relations on May 4, 1994. [119] Both countries are members of La Francophonie.

  • Mauritius is accredited to Vietnam from its high commission in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  • Vietnam is accredited to Mauritius from its embassy in Maputo, Mozambique.

International organisations

Mauritius has been a member state of the United Nations and the Commonwealth of Nations since independence in 1968.

It is a member of the World Trade Organization, La Francophonie, Organisation of African Unity, the Southern Africa Development Community, the Indian Ocean Commission, COMESA, and the recently formed Indian Ocean Rim Association.

See also

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The foreign relations of Bangladesh are Bangladesh's relationships with foreign countries. The Government of Bangladesh's policies pursue a moderate foreign policy that heavily relies on multilateral diplomacy, especially at the United Nations (UN) and the World Trade Organization (WTO). Since its independence in 1971, Bangladesh has stressed its principle of "Friendship towards all, malice towards none" in dictating its diplomacy. As a member of the Non-Aligned Movement, Bangladesh has tended to not take sides with major powers. Since the end of the Cold War, Bangladesh has pursued better relations with its neighbours and other nearby states.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Foreign relations of Sierra Leone</span>

Sierra Leone maintains formal relations with many Western nations. It also maintains diplomatic relations with the former Soviet Bloc countries as well as with the People's Republic of China.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Foreign relations of Austria</span>

The 1955 Austrian State Treaty ended the four-power occupation and recognized Austria as an independent and sovereign state. In October 1955, the Federal Assembly passed a constitutional law in which "Austria declares of her own free will her perpetual neutrality." The second section of this law stated that "in all future times Austria will not join any military alliances and will not permit the establishment of any foreign military bases on her territory." Since then, Austria has shaped its foreign policy on the basis of neutrality.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Foreign relations of Djibouti</span> Overview of the foreign relations of Djibouti

Foreign relations of Djibouti are managed by the Djiboutian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation. Djibouti maintains close ties with the governments of Somalia, Ethiopia, France and the United States. It is likewise an active participant in African Union, United Nations, Non-Aligned Movement, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and Arab League affairs.

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