Fred Kessler

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Kessler played a significant role in Wisconsin's redistricting fights of the 1960s and 1970s. In the 1960s, he was part of Governor Reynolds' team arguing before the Wisconsin Supreme Court over the failure of the state Legislature to pass a new redistricting plan after the 1960 census. After the Legislature failed to meet several deadlines, the Court ultimately drew its own map. [11] Governor Reynolds embraced the court-ordered map and called it, "the culmination of my four-year fight for equal voting rights for the people of the state of Wisconsin." [12]

In 1971, Kessler was chairman of the Assembly elections committee and the principal negotiator for Democrats crafting a new reapportionment bill. The 1970s redistricting was further complicated by the new federal Voting Rights Act of 1965 and accompanying U.S. Supreme Court opinions which set a legal mandate for states to seek equal representation in legislative districts. Requirements in the Wisconsin Constitution created unique technical challenges to achieving equal representation, and the state government was under divided partisan control. Kessler set out a plan to achieve the various goals by disregarding strict adherence to county boundaries, eliminating 1 Assembly seat, and establishing a uniform 3-to-1 ratio of Assembly to Senate seats. [13] Republicans and Democrats soon agreed with his recommendations, but disagreed over the final map. Finally, in an April 1972 special session of the Legislature, a compromise was reached. [14]

Judiciary

After the end of the Legislative session in 1972, Lucey appointed Kessler to a vacant county judgeship. He was subsequently elected to a full term in April 1973. [15]

Kessler was appointed to the Wisconsin Legislative Council Committee on Court Reorganization in 1978. He was a leader in the fight for a single level trial court and the appointment by the Supreme Court of the district chief judges (both which were approved by an 8 to 7 vote on the committee, and ultimately signed into law). He also initiated a successful effort in 1979, to outlaw commercial surety bail bonding, resulting in Wisconsin becoming the fourth state to prohibit the practice. Due to the judicial reform law, his position of county judge was abolished and he was transitioned into a circuit judge for Milwaukee County, effective August 1, 1978. He was elected to another term April 3, 1979. [16]

Kessler resigned his judgeship on June 2, 1981, to attempt a run for the vacant seat in Wisconsin's 5th congressional district in 1982. [17] Kessler came in 2nd in the crowded ten-person Democratic primary, which included several past and current legislators, county supervisors, and the wife of Milwaukee mayor Henry Maier. [18]

In April 1986, Kessler ran for and defeated controversial Wisconsin circuit judge Christ T. Seraphim by a final margin (after recounts) of 485 votes (55,690 to Seraphim's 55,205). [19] He resigned the judgeship in early 1988 when he planned to make another run for United States House of Representatives, but ultimately dropped out before the primary. [20] [21]

After the judiciary

After leaving the court, Kessler worked as an attorney, labor arbitrator, and redistricting consultant.

As a civic leader, Kessler, in 1979, along with Milwaukee School Board member Leon Todd successfully led an effort to create three language immersion elementary schools in Milwaukee, one each in German, French and Spanish, see Milwaukee German Immersion School, Milwaukee French Immersion School.[ citation needed ] On May 15, 2014, Kessler and Todd receive a lifetime achievement award from the German Immersion Foundation for their effort in 1979.

He made another run for Congress in 1992 when the 5th congressional district seat became vacant again, but came in 3rd in a six-person Democratic primary. [22]

Return to the Assembly

On April 6, 2004, his wife Joan F. Kessler, a long-time member of the board of governors of the State Bar of Wisconsin, unseated incumbent Court of Appeals Judge Charles B. Schudson. In November 2004, Fred Kessler returned to the Assembly, from the 12th District (northwestern Milwaukee, a part of Wauwatosa and one precinct in Waukesha County). He was assigned to the committees on campaigns and elections; criminal justice and homeland security; the judiciary; and state-federal relations. [23] He was re-elected without opposition in 2006 and 2008; and in 2010 won re-election over Republican Sam Hagedorn. [24]

In 2012, after a drastic redistricting by the Republican-controlled legislature removed his home from the 12th and changed the racial complexion completely, [25] Kessler faced a challenge in the Democratic primary from African-American newcomer Mario Hall, who was reported to be a school choice supporter with backing from the pro-voucher American Federation for Children and allied organizations. [26] Kessler (who had to move into the redrawn district) won with 71% of the vote, and faced no challenger in the November general election. Kessler was re-elected without significant opposition in 2014 (one Democratic and one Republican challenger failed to make the ballot; the Republican received .3% of the vote in the general election as a write-in candidate). In 2016, he had no challengers in the primary or general election. [27]

Kessler ran for re-election in 2018 but was defeated in the Democratic primary by schoolteacher LaKeshia Myers. [28]

Personal life

Kessler is a member of Goethe House (vice president, former president); the Milwaukee Chapter of the ACLU (board member, former president); World Affairs Council of Milwaukee (board member); Wisconsin Bar Association; Wisconsin State Historical Society (board member); Industrial Relations Research Association, DANK (German-American National Congress) - Milwaukee chapter (former vice president); Milwaukee Donauschwaben; Amnesty International Group 107 (former chairman); Milwaukee Turners; N.A.A.C.P.; and a former member of the City of Milwaukee Harbor Commission.

He and Joan have two children.

Electoral history

Wisconsin Assembly (1960)

The Honorable
Fred Kessler
Member of the Wisconsin State Assembly
from the 12th district
In office
January 3, 2005 –January 1, 2019
Wisconsin Assembly, Milwaukee 10th District Election, 1960 [4]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Democratic Primary, September 13, 1960
Democratic Frederick P. Kessler 932 38.01%
Democratic Patrick H. Kelly (incumbent)65426.67%
Democratic Thomas J. Higgins26410.77%
Democratic George D. Havey2419.83%
Democratic Joseph H. Herro2138.69%
Democratic Jess F. Klingenberg1486.04%
Total votes2,452 100.0%
General Election, November 3, 1960
Democratic Frederick P. Kessler 6,148 63.17% +3.50%
Republican Herbert Warren Smith3,58536.83%+5.98%
Plurality2,56326.33%-2.48%
Total votes9,733 100.0% +45.29%
Democratic hold

Wisconsin Senate (1962)

Wisconsin Senate, 6th District Election, 1962 [6]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Democratic Primary, September 11, 1962
Democratic Martin J. Schreiber 3,250 41.28%
Democratic Frederick P. Kessler2,89036.71%
Democratic Richard C. Emery1,34417.07%
Democratic John Schaller 3894.94%
Total votes7,873 100.0%

Wisconsin Assembly (1964–1970)

YearElectionDateElectedDefeatedTotalPlurality
1964 [29] PrimarySeptember 8Frederick Kessler Democratic 1,82359.77%William E. Nagel Dem. 48916.03%3,0501,334
Patrick H. Kelly (inc.) Dem. 42113.80%
James DeWitt Dem. 2618.56%
Robert E. Watt Dem. 561.84%
GeneralNovember 3Frederick Kessler Democratic 7,00473.50%Kenneth R. Sherwin Rep. 2,52526.50%9,5294,479
1966 [8] GeneralNovember 8Frederick Kessler (inc.) Democratic 2,98466.05%Albert M. Cortell Rep. 1,53433.95%4,5181,450
1968 [9] PrimarySeptember 10Frederick Kessler (inc.) Democratic 1,16682.81%Eugene O'Connell Dem. 24217.19%1,408924
GeneralNovember 8Frederick Kessler (inc.) Democratic 5,18369.16%Thomas Miller Rep. 2,31130.84%7,4942,872
1970 [10] GeneralNovember 3Frederick Kessler (inc.) Democratic 3,79577.48%Paul E. Chovanec Rep. 1,10322.52%4,8982,692

U.S. House of Representatives (1982)

Wisconsin's 5th Congressional District Election, 1982 [18]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Democratic Primary, September 14, 1982
Democratic Jim Moody 17,073 18.52%
Democratic Frederick P. Kessler15,80417.14%
Democratic Orville E. Pitts15,26416.55%
Democratic Warren D. Braun 13,32014.45%
Democratic Marty Aronson11,79912.80%
Democratic Kevin D. O'Connor10,36811.24%
Democratic Karen Lamb3,8144.14%
Democratic Harout O. Sanasarian 2,8123.05%
Democratic Roman R. Blenski 1,4091.53%
Democratic John Werner5390.58%
Plurality1,2691.38%
Total votes92,202 100.0%

Wisconsin Circuit Court (1986)

Wisconsin Circuit Court, Milwaukee Circuit, Branch 11 Election, 1986 [30]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
General Election, April 1, 1986
Nonpartisan Frederick P. Kessler 55,690 50.22%
Nonpartisan Christ T. Seraphim (incumbent)55,20549.78%
Total votes110,895 100.0%

U.S. House of Representatives (1988, 1992)

Wisconsin's 5th Congressional District Election, 1988 [31]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Democratic Primary, September 13, 1988
Democratic Jim Moody (incumbent) 47,789 58.99%
Democratic Matthew J. Flynn 19,90624.57%
Democratic Donald Sykes5,3146.56%
Democratic Terrance L. Pitts4,9666.13%
Democratic Frederick P. Kessler2,5173.11%
Democratic Roman R. Blenski 5170.64%
Plurality27,88334.42%
Total votes81,009 100.0%
Wisconsin's 5th Congressional District Election, 1992 [22]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Democratic Primary, September 13, 1988
Democratic Thomas Barrett 34,301 41.07%
Democratic Terrance L. Pitts18,92822.66%
Democratic Frederick P. Kessler15,72918.83%
Democratic Marc J. Marotta13,41116.06%
Democratic Roman R. Blenski 6620.79%
Democratic Gerald D. Wilson4830.58%
Plurality15,37318.41%
Total votes83,514 100.0%

Wisconsin Assembly (2004–2018)

YearElectionDateElectedDefeatedTotalPlurality
2004Primary [32] September 14Frederick Kessler Democratic 3,11255.31%Rene Settle-Robinson Dem. 2,49644.37%5,626616
General [33] November 2Frederick Kessler Democratic 18,72090.98%Kenneth R. Sherwin Con. 1,7618.56%20,57616,959
2006General [34] November 7Frederick Kessler (inc.) Democratic 13,19398.76%13,35913,027
2008General [35] November 4Frederick Kessler (inc.) Democratic 20,39998.92%20,62220,176
2010General [24] November 2Frederick Kessler (inc.) Democratic 13,75873.73%Sam Hagedorn Rep. 4,86826.09%18,6618,890
2012Primary [36] August 14Frederick Kessler (inc.) Democratic 1,93771.48%Mario R. Hall Dem. 76228.12%2,7101,175
General [37] November 6Frederick Kessler (inc.) Democratic 16,19398.59%16,42515,961
2014General [38] November 4Frederick Kessler (inc.) Democratic 16,49497.94%16,84116,147
2016General [27] November 8Frederick Kessler (inc.) Democratic 18,64298.42%18,94118,343
2018Primary [28] August 14 LaKeshia Myers Democratic 3,70959.23%Frederick Kessler (inc.) Dem. 2,54540.64%6,2621,164

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References

  1. ↑ Kessler, Frederick P. 1940 Wisconsin Historical Society. Retrieved August 21, 2019.
  2. ↑ "Fred Kessler" . Retrieved August 21, 2019.
  3. ↑ "Wisconsin: Students for Kennedy | JFK Library". www.jfklibrary.org. Retrieved 2022-11-21.
  4. 1 2 Toepel, M. G.; Theobald, H. Rupert, eds. (1962). "Wisconsin Elections" (PDF). The Wisconsin Blue Book, 1962 (Report). Madison, Wisconsin: State of Wisconsin. pp. 797, 868. Retrieved February 26, 2020.
  5. ↑ Toepel, M. G.; Theobald, H. Rupert, eds. (1962). The Wisconsin Blue Book, 1962 (Report). State of Wisconsin. p. 51. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  6. 1 2 Theobald, H. Rupert, ed. (1964). "Elections in Wisconsin" (PDF). The Wisconsin Blue Book, 1964 (Report). Madison, Wisconsin: State of Wisconsin. pp. 797, 868. Retrieved February 26, 2020.
  7. ↑ Theobald, H. Rupert, ed. (1966). "Biographies" (PDF). The Wisconsin Blue Book, 1966 (Report). State of Wisconsin. p. 53. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  8. 1 2 Theobald, H. Rupert; Robbins, Patricia V., eds. (1968). "Elections" (PDF). The Wisconsin Blue Book, 1968 (Report). State of Wisconsin. pp. 715, 726. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  9. 1 2 Theobald, H. Rupert; Robbins, Patricia V., eds. (1970). "Elections" (PDF). The Wisconsin Blue Book, 1970 (Report). State of Wisconsin. pp. 805, 819. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  10. 1 2 "Elections" (PDF). The State of Wisconsin Blue Book, 1971 (Report). Wisconsin Legislative Reference Bureau. 1971. pp. 303, 320. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  11. ↑ State ex rel. Reynolds v. Zimmerman, 22Wis. 2d544 ( Wisconsin Supreme Court February 28, 1964).
  12. ↑ Brissee, William (May 15, 1964). "High Court Remap Gives 25 Seats to Milwaukee County". Wisconsin State Journal . p. 2. Retrieved October 15, 2021– via Newspapers.com.
  13. ↑ "Thompson, Kessler Propose New Reapportionment Plan". Wisconsin State Journal . September 23, 1971. p. 6. Retrieved February 16, 2021– via Newspapers.com.
  14. ↑ Selk, James D. (April 22, 1972). "Redistricting Passes, but Usury Bill Waits". Wisconsin State Journal . p. 1. Retrieved January 12, 2021– via Newspapers.com.
  15. ↑ Theobald, H. Rupert; Robbins, Patricia V., eds. (1973). "Addenda" (PDF). The State of Wisconsin 1973 Blue Book (Report). Wisconsin Legislative Reference Bureau. p. 871. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  16. ↑ Theobald, H. Rupert; Robbins, Patricia V., eds. (1979). "Elections" (PDF). The state of Wisconsin 1979-1980 Blue Book (Report). Wisconsin Legislative Reference Bureau. p. 885. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  17. ↑ "Judge resigns to seek congressional post". Kenosha News . June 2, 1981. p. 31. Retrieved October 15, 2021– via Newspapers.com.
  18. 1 2 Theobald, H. Rupert; Robbins, Patricia V., eds. (1983). "Elections" (PDF). The state of Wisconsin 1983-1984 Blue Book (Report). Madison, Wisconsin: Wisconsin Legislative Reference Bureau. pp. 883, 905. Retrieved March 6, 2020.
  19. ↑ Kloss, Gerald. "State, city scene was busy" Milwaukee Journal December 28, 1986; p. 3J, col. 3.
  20. ↑ "Milwaukee judge to run for Congress". The Capital Times . February 9, 1988. p. 24. Retrieved October 15, 2021– via Newspapers.com.
  21. ↑ "Moody faces primary test". The Post-Crescent . July 13, 1988. p. 16. Retrieved October 15, 2021– via Newspapers.com.
  22. 1 2 Barish, Lawrence S.; Theobald, H. Rupert, eds. (1993). "Elections" (PDF). State of Wisconsin 1993-1994 Blue Book (Report). Madison, Wisconsin: Wisconsin Legislative Reference Bureau. p. 906. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  23. ↑ Barish, Lawrence S.; Lemanski, Lynn, eds. (2005). "Biographies" (PDF). State of Wisconsin 2005-2006 Blue Book (Report). Wisconsin Legislative Reference Bureau. p. 27. ISBN   0-9752820-1-8 . Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  24. 1 2 Official summary results of the November 2, 2010 General Election (PDF) (Report). Wisconsin Government Accountability Board. December 1, 2010. p. 12. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  25. ↑ "Frederick P. Kessler for State Assembly—12th District". Shepherd Express . August 7, 2018.
  26. ↑ Noth, Dominique Paul (August 1, 2012). "How Fred Kessler Gets Under GOP Skin". Milwaukee Labor Press. Archived from the original on August 20, 2012. Retrieved August 17, 2012.
  27. 1 2 Canvass Results for 2016 General Election - 11/8/2016 (PDF) (Report). Wisconsin Elections Commission. December 22, 2016. p. 11. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  28. 1 2 Canvass Results for 2018 Partisan Primary - 8/14/2018 (PDF) (Report). Wisconsin Elections Commission. August 31, 2018. p. 39. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  29. ↑ Theobald, H. Rupert, ed. (1966). "Elections" (PDF). The Wisconsin Blue Book, 1966 (Report). State of Wisconsin. pp. 743, 757. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  30. ↑ Theobald, H. Rupert; Barish, Lawrence S., eds. (1987). "Elections" (PDF). The state of Wisconsin 1987-1988 Blue Book (Report). Wisconsin Legislative Reference Bureau. p. 863. Retrieved February 26, 2020.
  31. ↑ Barish, Lawrence S.; Theobald, H. Rupert, eds. (1989). "Elections in Wisconsin" (PDF). State of Wisconsin 1989-1990 Blue Book (Report). Madison, Wisconsin: Wisconsin Legislative Reference Bureau. p. 906. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  32. ↑ Results of Fall Primary Election - 09/14/2004 (PDF) (Report). Wisconsin State Elections Board. November 10, 2004. p. 26. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 11, 2022. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  33. ↑ Results of Fall General Election - 11/02/2004 (PDF) (Report). Wisconsin State Elections Board. December 1, 2004. p. 15. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  34. ↑ Results of Fall General Election - 11/07/2006 (PDF) (Report). Wisconsin State Elections Board. December 5, 2006. p. 16. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  35. ↑ Results of Fall General Election - 11/04/2008 (PDF) (Report). Wisconsin State Elections Board. November 25, 2008. p. 13. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  36. ↑ Canvass Results for 2012 Partisan Primary - 8/14/2012 (PDF) (Report). Wisconsin Government Accountability Board. August 28, 2012. p. 19. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  37. ↑ Canvass Results for 2012 Presidential and General Election - 11/6/2012 (PDF) (Report). Wisconsin Government Accountability Board. December 26, 2012. p. 11. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  38. ↑ Canvass Results for 2014 General Election - 11/4/2014 (PDF) (Report). Wisconsin Government Accountability Board. November 26, 2014. p. 12. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
Wisconsin State Assembly
Preceded byMember of the Wisconsin State Assembly from the Milwaukee 10th district
January 2, 1961 –January 7, 1963		Succeeded by
Preceded byMember of the Wisconsin State Assembly from the Milwaukee 10th district
January 4, 1965 –July 5, 1972		District abolished
Preceded byMember of the Wisconsin State Assembly from the 12th district
January 3, 2005 –January 1, 2019		Succeeded by
Legal offices
Preceded by
Christ T. Seraphim
County Judge of Milwaukee County, Branch 4
July 5, 1972 –July 31, 1978		Office abolished
New circuit Wisconsin Circuit Court Judge for the Milwaukee Circuit, Branch 23
August 1, 1978 –June 2, 1981		Succeeded by
Preceded by
Christ T. Seraphim
 Wisconsin Circuit Court Judge for the Milwaukee Circuit, Branch 11
August 1, 1986 –February 9, 1988		Succeeded by
Dominic S. Amato
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