Grevillea juncifolia

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Grevillea juncifolia
Grevillea juncifolia habit.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Proteales
Family: Proteaceae
Genus: Grevillea
Species:
G. juncifolia
Binomial name
Grevillea juncifolia
Flowers Grevillea juncifolia 3.jpg
Flowers

Grevillea juncifolia, commonly known as honeysuckle grevillea, honey grevillea, honeysuckle spider flower, [3] and many indigenous names, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to inland Australia. It is a bushy shrub or small tree with erect, linear leaves and clusters of bright yellow to orange flowers.

Contents

Description

Grevillea juncifolia is a bushy shrub or small tree that typically grows to a height of 2–7 m (6 ft 7 in – 23 ft 0 in) high and has woolly-hairy branchlets. Its leaves are linear, 100–300 mm (3.9–11.8 in) long and 1–2 mm (0.039–0.079 in) wide, or divided with more or less parallel lobes 15–220 mm (0.59–8.66 in) long. The edges of the leaves or lobes are rolled under with two parallel woolly-hairy grooves on the lower side. The flowers are arranged in branched clusters of fifteen to fifty on a rachis 50–170 mm (2.0–6.7 in) long and are bright yellow, sometimes orange, the pistil 18–27 mm (0.71–1.06 in) long. Flowering occurs in most months, with a peak from June to November and the fruit is a hairy follicle 15–29 mm (0.59–1.14 in) long. [4] [5] [6] [7]

Taxonomy and naming

Grevillea juncifolia was first formally described in 1848 by English botanist William Jackson Hooker in Thomas Mitchell's Journal of an Expedition into the Interior of Tropical Australia. [8] [9] The specific epithet (juncifolia) means "rush-leaved". [10]

In 2008, Peter M. Olde and Neil R. Marriott described two subspecies of G. juncifolia in The Grevillea Book, and the names are accepted by the Australian Plant Census:

Indigenous Australians in the Northern Territory give this grevillea many names including tharrkarr (Alyawarre), rrwerleng (Anmatyerre), irrwerlenge (Eastern Arrernte), tharrkarre (Kaytetye), ultukunpa (Pintupi Luritja), ultukunpa (Pitjantjatjara), jiriwuru (Warumungu) and walunarri (Warlpiri). [7]

Distribution and habitat

Honeysuckle grevillea grows in open shrubland or woodland on sandplains, stony hills and open plains, and occurs in inland Australia, in all mainland states and in the Northern Territory, but not in Victoria or Tasmania. Subspecies temulenta is restricted to Western Australia.

Uses

Indigenous Australians use this grevillea for food and medicine. [7]

Conservation status

This species of grevillea is listed as "least concern" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as it has a very wide distribution and is not declining at a rate sufficient enough to warrant a higher threat category. [1]

Related Research Articles

<i>Grevillea buxifolia</i> Species of plant of the family Proteaceae from coastal New South Wales, Australia

Grevillea buxifolia, commonly known as grey spider flower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae, and is endemic to New South Wales, Australia. It is an erect to spreading shrub with elliptic to egg-shaped leaves, and woolly-hairy clusters of rust-coloured to fawn flowers.

<i>Grevillea preissii</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea preissii is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It is a mounded to spreading or dense, erect shrub, the leaves divided with 5 to 7 linear to more or less cylindrical lobes, and groups of reddish flowers arranged along one side of the flowering rachis.

<i>Grevillea sericea</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to New South Wales, Australia

Grevillea sericea, commonly known as the pink spider flower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to New South Wales. It is a shrub with elliptic to lance-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, and clusters of usually pink flowers arranged on one side of a flowering rachis.

<i>Grevillea lavandulacea</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to South Australia and Victoria

Grevillea lavandulacea, commonly known as lavender grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to southern continental Australia. It is a prostrate to spreading shrub with linear to elliptic leaves and clusters of pink to red flowers.

<i>Grevillea arenaria</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to the east of New South Wales in Australia

Grevillea arenaria, commonly known as sand grevillea or hoary grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to New South Wales. It is a spreading shrub with elliptic to egg-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, and red, pink or orange flowers.

<i>Grevillea hookeriana</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea hookeriana, commonly known as red toothbrushes or Hooker's grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a spreading to erect shrub, usually with linear leaves or deeply divided leaves with linear lobes, and toothbrush-shaped groups of red, black or yellowish green flowers, the style maroon to black.

<i>Grevillea biformis</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea biformis is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a shrub with linear leaves and cylindrical clusters of creamy white or pale pink flowers.

<i>Grevillea floribunda</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to New South Wales and Queensland, Australia

Grevillea floribunda, commonly known as seven dwarfs grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a spreading shrub with oblong to egg-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base and groups of six to twenty flowers covered with rusty brown hairs.

<i>Grevillea insignis</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea insignis, commonly known as wax grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect, bushy shrub with more or less oblong leaves with seven to seventeen sharply-pointed, triangular teeth, and more or less spherical or cylindrical clusters of cream-coloured flowers ageing to pink.

<i>Grevillea ramosissima</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to south-eastern Australia

Grevillea ramosissima, commonly known as fan grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to eastern continental Australia. It is a low, spreading shrub with lobed leaves and clusters of cream-coloured to pale yellow flowers.

<i>Grevillea refracta</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to northern Australia

Grevillea refracta, commonly known as silver-leaf grevillea, is a species of plant in the protea family and is native to northern Australia. It is a tree or shrub usually with pinnatipartite leaves and red and yellow flowers arranged on a branched, downcurved raceme.

<i>Grevillea quadricauda</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to New South Wales, Australia

Grevillea quadricauda, commonly known as four-tailed grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is an erect, dense, bushy shrub with narrowly egg-shaped to elliptic leaves and small, loose clusters of green and pinkish-red flowers.

<i>Grevillea humilis</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea humilis is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to eastern New South Wales. It is an erect to spreading shrub with narrowly elliptic to more or less linear leaves, and pink or white flowers.

<i>Grevillea granulifera</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to New South Wales, Australia

Grevillea granulifera is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to eastern New South Wales. It is a shrub with narrowly elliptic leaves and clusters of pinkish-red and creamy-white flowers.

<i>Grevillea coccinea</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea coccinea is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south of Western Australia. It is a low-lying or sprawling shrub with narrowly wedge-shaped to linear leaves and white, cream-coloured, and red or yellow flowers.

<i>Grevillea delta</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae native to Western Australia

Grevillea delta is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to restricted area in the south-west of Western Australia. It is a bushy, spreading shrub with hairy branchlets, divided leaves with linear lobes, and groups of red flowers with a red, green-tipped style.

<i>Grevillea haplantha</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea haplantha is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a dense, rounded shrub with linear leaves and clusters of pink to red flowers with white or brown hairs, depending on subspecies.

<i>Grevillea obliquistigma</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea obliquistigma is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a spreading shrub with linear leaves, and conical to cylindrical clusters of creamy-white to yellowish cream-coloured flowers, sometimes tinged with pink.

<i>Grevillea patentiloba</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea patentiloba is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a prostrate to erect, spreading to straggling shrub with divided leaves, and down-turned clusters of red to deep pink and cream-coloured to bright yellow flowers with a red to deep pink style.

<i>Grevillea neorigida</i> Species of plant in the Proteaceae family

Grevillea neorigida is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. It is compact, spreading shrub with deeply-divided leaves, the end lobes linear and somewhat sharply-pointed, and clusters of creamy-brown to off-white flowers with a scarlet or orange-red style.

References

  1. 1 2 Olde, P.; Barker, W. (2020). "Grevillea juncifolia". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020: e.T113022401A113308156. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T113022401A113308156.en . Retrieved 6 June 2024.
  2. "Grevillea juncifolia". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 31 May 2022.
  3. Philip A. Clarke (2012). Australian plants as Aboriginal Tools. Rosenberg Publishing. ISBN   9781922013576.
  4. "Grevillea juncifolia". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 31 May 2022.
  5. Makinson, Robert O. "Grevillea epicroca". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 31 May 2022.
  6. "Grevillea juncifolia". State Herbarium of South Australia. Retrieved 31 May 2022.
  7. 1 2 3 "Grevillea juncifolia subsp. juncifolia". Northern Territory Government. Retrieved 31 May 2022.
  8. "Grevillea juncifolia". APNI. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
  9. Mitchell, Thomas Livingstone (1848). Journal of an Expedition into the Interior of Tropical Australia. Sydney. p. 341. Retrieved 31 May 2022.
  10. Sharr, Francis Aubi; George, Alex (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and Their Meanings (3rd ed.). Kardinya, WA: Four Gables Press. p. 229. ISBN   9780958034180.
  11. "Grevillea juncifolia subsp. juncifolia". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 31 May 2021.
  12. "Grevillea juncifolia subsp. juncifolia". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 31 May 2022.
  13. "Grevillea juncifolia subsp. temulenta". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 31 May 2021.
  14. "Grevillea juncifolia subsp. temulenta". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 31 May 2022.