Related Research Articles
The politics of Hong Kong takes place in a framework of a political system dominated by its quasi-constitutional document,the Hong Kong Basic Law,its own legislature,the Chief Executive as the head of government and of the Special Administrative Region and of a politically constrained multi-party presidential system. The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China is led by the Chief Executive,the head of government.
The special administrative regions (SAR) of the People's Republic of China are one of four types of province-level divisions of the People's Republic of China directly under the control of its Central People's Government,being integral areas of the country. As a region,they possess the highest degree of autonomy from China. However,despite the relative autonomy that the Central People's Government offers the special administrative regions,the National People's Congress and its Standing Committee remains capable of enforcing laws for the special administrative regions.
The Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China is a national law of China that serves as the organic law for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR). Comprising nine chapters,160 articles and three annexes,the Basic Law was composed to implement Annex I of the 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration.
The Sino-British Joint Declaration was a treaty signed between the United Kingdom (UK) and the People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1984 that set the conditions in which the entirety of colonial Hong Kong would be transferred to Chinese control and how the territory shall be governed after 1 July 1997.
Regina Ip Lau Suk-yee is a Chinese politician. She is currently the Convenor of the Executive Council (ExCo) and a member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong (LegCo),as well as the founder and current chairperson of the New People's Party. She was formerly a prominent government official of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) and was the first woman to be appointed the Secretary for Security to head the disciplinary service. She is also the founder and Chairwoman of Savantas Policy Institute,a think-tank in Hong Kong.
Right of abode in Hong Kong entitles a person to live and work in the territory without any restrictions or conditions of stay. Someone who has that right is a Hong Kong permanent resident. Foreign nationals may acquire the right of abode after meeting a seven-year residency requirement and are given most rights usually associated with citizenship,including the right to vote in regional elections. However,they are not entitled to hold territorial passports or stand for office in some Legislative Council constituencies,unless they also naturalise as Chinese citizens.
Emily Lau Wai-hing,JP is a politician in Hong Kong who champions press freedom and human rights. A former journalist,she became the first woman directly elected on the Legislative Council of Hong Kong in the 1991 LegCo elections. She has served as Legislative Councillor for the New Territories East Constituency throughout the 1990s and 2000s until she stepped down in 2016. She was chairperson of the Democratic Party of Hong Kong until 2016.
Martin Lee Chu-ming,SC,JP is a Hong Kong politician and barrister. He is the founding chairman of the United Democrats of Hong Kong and its successor,the Democratic Party,Hong Kong's flagship pro-democracy party. He was also a member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong from 1985 to 1997 and from 1998 to 2008. Nicknamed the "Father of Democracy" in Hong Kong,he is recognised as one of the most prominent advocates for democracy and human rights in Hong Kong and China.
Lydia Selina Dunn,Baroness Dunn,is a Hong Kong-born retired British businesswoman and politician. She became the second person of Hong Kong origin and the first female ethnic Chinese Hongkonger to be elevated to the peerage as a life peeress with the title and style of Baroness in 1990.
The British Nationality Act 1981(c.61) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom concerning British nationality since 1 January 1983.
British National (Overseas),abbreviated BN(O),is a class of British nationality associated with the former colony of Hong Kong. The status was acquired through voluntary registration by individuals with a connection to the territory who had been British Dependent Territories citizens (BDTCs) before the handover to China in 1997. Registration for BN(O) status was limited to the 10-year period preceding the transfer as a transitional arrangement for colonial subjects;current residents cannot newly acquire this nationality.
Belonger status is a legal classification normally associated with British Overseas Territories. It refers to people who have close ties to a specific territory,normally by birth or ancestry. The requirements for belonger status,and the rights that it confers,vary from territory to territory.
British nationality law as it pertains to Hong Kong has been unusual ever since Hong Kong became a British colony in 1842. From its beginning as a sparsely populated trading port to today's cosmopolitan international financial centre and world city of over seven million people,the territory has attracted refugees,immigrants and expatriates alike searching for a new life.
This article concerns the history of British nationality law.
A British Overseas Territories citizen (BOTC),formerly called British Dependent Territories citizen (BDTC),is a member of a class of British nationality granted to people connected with one or more of the British Overseas Territories.
Birth tourism is the practice of traveling to another country or city for the purpose of giving birth in that country. The main reason for birth tourism is to obtain citizenship for the child in a country with birthright citizenship. Such a child is sometimes called an "anchor baby" if their citizenship is intended to help their parents obtain permanent residency in the country. Other reasons for birth tourism include access to public schooling,healthcare,sponsorship for the parents in the future,or even circumvention of China's two-child policy. Popular destinations include the United States and Canada. Another target for birth tourism is Hong Kong,where some mainland Chinese citizens travel to give birth to gain right of abode for their children.
The Political Appointments System is a scheme introduced in 2008 by the Hong Kong Government to reinforce its ministerial team by superseding the Principal Officials Accountability System and inserting two layers of politically appointed officials below the secretaries,who are political appointees. These appointees report only to the secretaries,but not the permanent secretaries,the highest-ranking civil servants. The appointment of undersecretaries and political assistants is an extension of the previous RPAS that was initially confined to principal officials. Prior to the introduction,there were 14 political appointees—3 Secretaries of Departments and 11 Directors of Bureaux.
Vallejos and Domingo v. Commissioner of Registration was a court case against the government of Hong Kong by two foreign domestic helpers (FDHs) seeking permanent residence and the right of abode in Hong Kong. Because of its subject matter it was commonly referred to in the media as the FDHs' right of abode case (外傭居港權案). Evangeline Vallejos and Daniel Domingo were two of five applicants who in various groups filed three right of abode lawsuits in 2010;the ruling in Vallejos' case was expected to be a precedent for the other two.
The 2014–2015 Hong Kong electoral reform was a proposed reform for the 2017 Hong Kong Chief Executive election and 2016 Legislative Council election.
Ng Ka Ling v Director of Immigration was a joint appeal of three cases decided in 1999 by Hong Kong's Court of Final Appeal (CFA). Chief Justice Andrew Li,in the Court's unanimous opinion,held that mainland-born children of Hong Kong permanent residents enjoyed the right of abode,regardless of whether one of their parents have acquired Hong Kong permanent residency at the time of birth of the children.
References
- ↑ "Database on LegCo members". Legislative Council of Hong Kong. Retrieved 4 May 2013.
- ↑ Scott, Ian (1989). Political Change and the Crisis of Legitimacy in Hong Kong . University of Hawaii Press. pp. 281–282.