France is characterised by numerous political trends. This article provides an overview of some of them.
The Socialist Party of America (SPA) was a socialist political party in the United States formed in 1901 by a merger between the three-year-old Social Democratic Party of America and disaffected elements of the Socialist Labor Party of America who had split from the main organization in 1899.
The Republican,Radical and Radical-Socialist Party is a liberal and formerly social-liberal political party in France. It is also often referred to simply as the Radical Party,or to prevent confusion with other French Radical parties as the Parti radical valoisien,abbreviated to Rad,PR,PRV,or historically PRRRS.
Camille Chautemps was a French Radical politician of the Third Republic,three times President of the Council of Ministers.
Gabriel Enrique González Videla was a Chilean politician and lawyer who served as the 24th president of Chile from 1946 to 1952. He had previously been a member of the Chamber of Deputies from 1930 to 1941 and senator for Tarapacáand Antofagasta from 1945 to 1946. A long-time member and leader in the Radical Party,he left the party in 1971 over its support for socialist president Salvador Allende. From 1973 until his death in 1980 he became an active collaborator and participant in the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet,acting as vice president of the Council of State from 1976 onwards. As vice president of the council,he helped draft the current Chilean constitution of 1980.
Manisa,historically known as Magnesia,is a city in Turkey's Aegean Region and the administrative seat of Manisa Province.
At the national level,the Republic of Cyprus holds elections for its head of state,the President of Cyprus,and for its legislature,the House of Representatives.
Magnesia ad Sipylum was a city of Lydia,situated about 65 km northeast of Smyrna on the river Hermus at the foot of Mount Sipylus. The city should not be confused with its older neighbor,Magnesia on the Maeander,both founded by colonists from the Greek region of Magnesia.
Radicalism or classical radicalism was a historical political movement representing the leftward flank of liberalism during the late 18th and early 19th centuries and a precursor to social liberalism,social democracy and modern progressivism. Its earliest beginnings were found in Great Britain with the Levellers during the English Civil War,and the later Radical Whigs.
The Radical Republican Party,sometimes shortened to the Radical Party,was a Spanish Radical party in existence between 1908 and 1936. Beginning as a splinter from earlier Radical parties,it initially played a minor role in Spanish parliamentary life,before it came to prominence as one of the leading political forces of the Spanish Republic.
Legislative elections were held in Spain on 16 February 1936. At stake were all 473 seats in the unicameral Cortes Generales. The winners of the 1936 elections were the Popular Front,a left-wing coalition of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE),Republican Left (Spain) (IR),Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya (ERC),Republican Union (UR),Communist Party of Spain (PCE),AccióCatalana (AC),and other parties. Their coalition commanded a narrow lead over the divided opposition in terms of the popular vote,but a significant lead over the main opposition party,Spanish Confederation of the Autonomous Right (CEDA),in terms of seats. The election had been prompted by a collapse of a government led by Alejandro Lerroux,and his Radical Republican Party. Manuel Azaña would replace Manuel Portela Valladares,caretaker,as prime minister.
The Independent Radicals were a centrist or conservative-liberal political current during the French Third Republic. It was slightly to the right of the more famous Radical-Socialist Party,and shared much of its historical radicalism. The prominent political scientist AndréSiegfried described them as "Social [that is,economic] conservatives who did not want to break with the Left,and who therefore voted with the Right on [economic] interests,and with the Left on political issues".
The Social and Radical Left was a parliamentary group in the Chamber of Deputies of France during the French Third Republic founded in 1928 by Henry Franklin-Bouillon. The Social-Radicals or Social-Unionists were members of the right-wing of the Radical-Socialist Party who refused a new Cartel des Gauches and supported the conservative coalition led by Raymond Poincaré. Most later became members of the Independent Radicals (PRI) or even the centre-right Democratic Republican Alliance.
The Chilean Social Democracy Party (Spanish:Partido Socialdemocracia Chilena,until August 1973 Radical Left Party was a Chilean political party of centre to centre-left orientation,formed by dissident Radicals in 1971.
The Arab Socialist Union was an Egyptian political party based on the principles of Nasserist Arab socialism.
The Socialist Party is a French centre-left and social-democratic political party. It holds pro-European views. The PS was for decades the largest party of the "French Left" and used to be one of the two major political parties in the French Fifth Republic,along with The Republicans. It replaced the earlier French Section of the Workers' International in 1969 and is currently led by First Secretary Olivier Faure. The PS is a member of the Party of European Socialists,Progressive Alliance and Socialist International.
The French Section of the Workers' International was a political party in France that was founded in 1905 and succeeded in 1969 by the modern-day Socialist Party. The SFIO was founded during the 1905 Globe Congress in Paris as a merger between the French Socialist Party and the Socialist Party of France in order to create the French section of the Second International,designated as the party of the workers' movement.
Parliamentary elections were held in Norway on 11 September 2017 to elect all 169 members of the unicameral Norwegian Parliament,the Storting. The non-socialist parties retained a reduced majority of 88 seats,allowing Prime Minister Erna Solberg's Conservative-Progress coalition to remain in government. The Liberal Party joined the coalition in January 2018 but it remained a minority cabinet until the Christian Democratic Party joined the coalition in 2019. The three largest centre-left parties won 79 seats. The Green Party retained its single seat,while the Red Party won its first ever seat.
The Fire of Manisa refers to the burning of the town of Manisa,Turkey,which started on the night of Tuesday,5 September 1922 and continued until 8 September. It was started and organized by the retreating Hellenic Army during the Greco-Turkish War of 1919-1922,and as a result 90 percent of the buildings in the town were destroyed. The number of victims in the town and adjacent region was estimated to be several thousand by US Consul James Loder Park. Turkish sources claim that 4,355 people died in the town of Manisa.
The Social Democratic Federation (SDF) was established as Britain's first organised socialist political party by H. M. Hyndman,and had its first meeting on 7 June 1881. Those joining the SDF included William Morris,George Lansbury,James Connolly and Eleanor Marx. However,Friedrich Engels,Karl Marx's long-term collaborator,refused to support Hyndman's venture. Many of its early leading members had previously been active in the Manhood Suffrage League.
