The Hinsberg oxindole synthesis is a method of preparing oxindoles from the bisulfite additions of glyoxal. [1] [2] It is named after its inventor Oscar Hinsberg. [3] [4] [5]
The Hinsberg oxindole synthesis is a method of preparing oxindoles from the bisulfite additions of glyoxal. [1] [2] It is named after its inventor Oscar Hinsberg. [3] [4] [5]
The von Richter reaction, also named von Richter rearrangement, is a name reaction in the organic chemistry. It is named after Victor von Richter, who discovered this reaction in year 1871. It is the reaction of aromatic nitro compounds with potassium cyanide in aqueous ethanol to give the product of cine substitution by a carboxyl group. Although it is not generally synthetically useful due to the low chemical yield and formation of numerous side products, its mechanism was of considerable interest, eluding chemists for almost 100 years before the currently accepted one was proposed.
The Stollé synthesis is a series of chemical reactions that produce oxindoles from anilines and α-haloacid chlorides.
The Auwers synthesis is a series of organic reactions forming a flavonol from a coumarone. This reaction was first reported by Karl von Auwers in 1908.
The Scholl reaction is a coupling reaction between two arene compounds with the aid of a Lewis acid and a protic acid. It is named after its discoverer, Roland Scholl, a Swiss chemist.
The Conrad–Limpach synthesis is the condensation of anilines (1) with β-ketoesters (2) to form 4-hydroxyquinolines (4) via a Schiff base (3). The overall reaction type is a combination of both an addition reaction as well as a rearrangement reaction. This reaction was discovered by Max Conrad (1848–1920) and Leonhard Limpach (1852–1933) in 1887 while they were studying the synthesis of quinoline derivatives.
Benzylamine is an organic chemical compound with the condensed structural formula C6H5CH2NH2 (sometimes abbreviated as PhCH2NH2 or BnNH2). It consists of a benzyl group, C6H5CH2, attached to an amine functional group, NH2. This colorless water-soluble liquid is a common precursor in organic chemistry and used in the industrial production of many pharmaceuticals. The hydrochloride salt was used to treat motion sickness on the Mercury-Atlas 6 mission in which NASA astronaut John Glenn became the first American to orbit the Earth.
The Koenigs–Knorr reaction in organic chemistry is the substitution reaction of a glycosyl halide with an alcohol to give a glycoside. It is one of the oldest and simplest glycosylation reactions. It is named after Wilhelm Koenigs (1851–1906), a student of von Bayer and fellow student with Hermann Emil Fischer, and Edward Knorr, a student of Koenigs.
The Elbs reaction is an organic reaction describing the pyrolysis of an ortho methyl substituted benzophenone to a condensed polyaromatic. The reaction is named after its inventor, the German chemist Karl Elbs, also responsible for the Elbs oxidation. The reaction was published in 1884. Elbs however did not correctly interpret the reaction product due to a lack of knowledge about naphthalene structure.
Diphenylketene is a chemical substance of the ketene family. Diphenylketene, like most disubstituted ketenes, is a red-orange oil at room temperature and pressure. Due to the successive double bonds in the ketene structure R1R2C=C=O, diphenyl ketene is a heterocumule. The most important reaction of diphenyl ketene is the [2+2] cycloaddition at C-C, C-N, C-O, and C-S multiple bonds.
The Hofmann–Löffler reaction (also referred to as Hofmann–Löffler–Freytag reaction, Löffler–Freytag reaction, Löffler–Hofmann reaction, as well as Löffler's method) is an organic reaction in which a cyclic amine 2 (pyrrolidine or, in some cases, piperidine) is generated by thermal or photochemical decomposition of N-halogenated amine 1 in the presence of a strong acid (concentrated sulfuric acid or concentrated CF3CO2H). The Hofmann–Löffler–Freytag reaction proceeds via an intramolecular hydrogen atom transfer to a nitrogen-centered radical and is an example of a remote intramolecular free radical C–H functionalization.
Pulvinone, an organic compound belonging to the esters, lactones, alcohols and butenolides classes, is a yellow crystalline solid. Although the pulvinone is not a natural product, several naturally occurring hydroxylated derivatives are known. These hydroxylated pulvinones are produced by fungal species, such as the in Europe common Larch Bolete, or by moulds such as Aspergillus terreus.
Heinrich Hubert Maria Josef Houben was a German chemist. He made achievements within ketone synthesis, terpenes, and camphor studies. After being wounded several times on the front lines in World War I, Houben was made head of the war laboratory. He improved the Hoesch reaction which is now normally called Houben-Hoesch reaction. Houben organized and made a major rework of the book Methods of Organic Chemistry which is now referred to as Houben-Weyl Methods of Organic Chemistry.
The Hinsberg reaction is a test for the detection of primary, secondary and tertiary amines. In this test, the amine is shaken well with Hinsberg reagent in the presence of aqueous alkali. A reagent containing an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and benzenesulfonyl chloride is added to a substrate. A primary amine will form a soluble sulfonamide salt. Acidification of this salt then precipitates the sulfonamide of the primary amine. A secondary amine in the same reaction will directly form an insoluble sulfonamide. A tertiary amine will not react with the sulfonamide but is insoluble. After adding dilute acid this insoluble amine is converted to a soluble ammonium salt. In this way the reaction can distinguish between the three types of amines.
Glutaconaldehyde is an organic compound with the formula C5H6O2. It is an unsaturated dialdehyde as is related to glutaraldehyde and glutaconic acid, but exists in its enol form due to the conjugation with the double bond.
Barium azide is an inorganic azide with the formula Ba(N3)2. Like most azides, it is explosive. It is less sensitive to mechanical shock than lead azide.
Fritz Weigert was a German physical chemist. Weigert has made major contributions in the field of photochemistry. He was born in Berlin. He was the nephew of both Karl Weigert and Paul Ehrlich. He was married to Margarete Behmer. Around 1908, he began teaching and conducting research at Berlin University - after studying there. He was a photochemistry professor at Leipzig University from 1914 until being forced out by the Nazis in 1934. On January 1st, 1935, he immigrated to England and in 1936 was director of the Physiochemical Department of the Cancer Research Institute at Mount Vernon Hospital, Northwood.
Disodium 4,4′-dinitrostilbene-2,2′-disulfonate is an organic compound with the formula (O2NC6H3(SO3Na)CH)2 This salt is a common precursor to a variety of textile dyes and optical brighteners
Willy Marckwald was a German chemist. He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1922 by Gustav Tammann and again in 1929 by Niels Bohr, Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy.
Tellurium nitride describes chemical compounds of Te containing N3−. Efforts have been made toward the binary nitrides but the results are inconclusive and it appears that such materials are unstable. Still unconfirmed is Te4N4, which would be an analogue of Se4N4 and tetrasulfur tetranitride (S4N4). It has long been known that ammonia reacts with tellurium tetrachloride, which is similar to the method of synthesis of S4N4. The reaction of TeCl4 with a THF solution of N(SiMe3)3 gives a well-defined tellurium nitride [Te6N8(TeCl2)4(THF)4].
Tetrahydroxydiboron is a chemical reagent which can be used to prepare boronic acids.