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Contributor note: Merging into Ruby (programming language) and deleting all duplicate content from this page. Expect incomplete information as the merge progresses.
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It was released exactly 20 years after Ruby was first conceived.[1]
Ruby 2.2
Ruby 2.2.0 was released on Christmas Day in 2014.[2] The release includes speed-ups, bugfixes, and library updates and removes some deprecated APIs. Most notably, Ruby 2.2.0 introduces changes to memory handling– an incremental garbage collector, support for garbage collection of symbols and the option to compile directly against jemalloc. It also contains experimental support for using vfork(2) with system() and spawn(), and added support for the Unicode 7.0 specification.
Features that were made obsolete or removed include callcc, the DL library, Digest::HMAC, lib/rational.rb, lib/complex.rb, GServer, Logger::Application as well as various C API functions.[3]
Ruby 2.3.0 was released on Christmas Day in 2015. A few notable changes include:
The ability to mark all string literals as frozen by default with a consequently large performance increase in string operations.[8]
Hash comparison to allow direct checking of key/value pairs instead of just keys.
A new safe navigation operator&. that can ease nil handling (e.g. instead of ifobj&&obj.foo&&obj.foo.bar, we can use if obj&.foo&.bar).
The did_you_mean gem is now bundled by default and required on startup to automatically suggest similar name matches on a NameError or NoMethodError.
Hash#dig and Array#dig to easily extract deeply nested values (e.g. given profile={social:{wikipedia:{name:'Foo Baz'}}}, the value Foo Baz can now be retrieved by profile.dig(:social, :wikipedia, :name)).
.grep_v(regexp) which will match all negative examples of a given regular expression in addition to other new features.
The 2.3 branch also includes many performance improvements, updates, and bugfixes including changes to Proc#call, Socket and IO use of exception keywords, Thread#name handling, default passive Net::FTP connections, and Rake being removed from stdlib.[9]
Ruby 2.4
Ruby 2.4.0 was released on Christmas Day in 2016. A few notable changes include:
Binding#irb: Start a REPL session similar to binding.pry
Unify Fixnum and Bignum into Integer class
String supports Unicode case mappings, not just ASCII
A new method, Regexp#match?, which is a faster boolean version of Regexp#match
Thread deadlock detection now shows threads with their backtrace and dependency
The 2.4 branch also includes performance improvements to hash table, Array#max, Array#min, and instance variable access.[10]
Ruby 2.5
Ruby 2.5.0 was released on Christmas Day in 2017.[11] A few notable changes include:
rescue and ensure statements automatically use a surrounding do-end block (less need for extra begin-end blocks)
Method-chaining with yield_self
Support branch coverage and method coverage measurement
Easier Hash transformations with Hash#slice and Hash#transform_keys
On top of that come a lot of performance improvements like faster block passing (3 times faster), faster Mutexes, faster ERB templates and improvements on some concatenation methods.
Ruby 2.6
Ruby 2.6.0 was released on Christmas Day in 2018.[12] A few notable changes include:
JIT (experimental)
RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree (experimental)
Ruby 2.7
Ruby 2.7.0 was released on Christmas Day in 2019.[13] A few notable changes include:
Pattern Matching (experimental)
REPL improvement
Compaction GC
Separation of positional and keyword arguments
Ruby 3.0
Ruby 3.0.0 was released on Christmas Day in 2020.[14] It is known as Ruby 3x3. One of its main aims was to switch the interpreter to a Just-In-Time Compiler, to make programs faster.
Ruby 3.1
Version 3.1.0 was released on Christmas of 2021. It included an autocomplete feature.[15]
Ruby 3.2
Ruby 3.2.0 was released on Christmas Day of 2022. It includes support for WebAssembly.[16]
Ruby 3.3
Ruby 3.3.0 was released on 25 December 2023. It adds a new parser named Prism, uses Lrama as a parser generator, adds a new pure-Ruby JIT compiler named RJIT, and many performance improvements especially YJIT.[17]
↑ Gustavo Frederico Temple Pedrosa, Vitor de Lima, Leonardo Bianconi (2015). "Ruby 2.2.1 Released". Retrieved 12 July 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
↑ Gustavo Frederico Temple Pedrosa, Vitor de Lima, Leonardo Bianconi (2015). "v2.2.1 ChangeLog". Archived from the original on 26 February 2017. Retrieved 12 July 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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