Howard Phillips (consultant)

Last updated

Howard Phillips
NationalityAmerican
Occupation(s)Warehouse manager, spokesperson, magazine editor, consultant
Years active1973 (1973)–2017 (2017)
Employer Nintendo of America (1981–1991)
Notable work Nintendo Power magazine (co-editor)
TitleGame Master, Director of Game Creative
ChildrenAlexandra and Katherine Phillips [1] [2] [3]
Website Howard Phillips on Facebook

Howard Phillips is an American video game consultant and producer best known as an early employee of and spokesman for Nintendo of America in the 1980s.

Contents

Initially a boat painter, Phillips started his video game career as manager of Nintendo of America's first Tukwila warehouse in 1981. He managed relations with the retail sites of the 1985 test launch of the Nintendo Entertainment System, gaining insight into which games were popular. Because of his gameplay aptitude and formative experience in Nintendo's then-nascent expansion in North America, his roles grew to spokesperson, manager of the Game Counselor hotline, and co-editor of Nintendo Power magazine. After leaving Nintendo in 1991, his video game work included Microsoft, Chair Entertainment, and GameDuell.

Early life

Howard Phillips was raised to make his own fun, saying "we weren't poor, but back then parents didn't bury kids in toys ... so we were constantly making things to play with, on, in, or around." With industrious use of neighborhood scrap materials, he made and remade forts and treehouses. He made an electromechanical "arcade game made from clock motors and an old world globe".

He was an adolescent video game fanatic through the golden age of arcade video games, about age 13 with the advent of Pong (1971) [4] and entering his twenties at the time of the Atari 2600 home console (1977) and the Space Invaders (1978) arcade game. He would later summarize his favorite thing about video games: "Play. Simple play. And the ability to share play with others either cooperatively, competitively, or just sharing game experiences, such as tips, news and rumors." [5]

But after you play a bunch of [novelty Atari 2600] stick figure baseball games with your buddies, you realize well, OK, we kind of exhausted ourselves pretty quick on that. And then it's on to the next arcade game, as opposed to the next crappy Atari game that's coming out. ... [Atari 2600 adaptations] were not even close to what they were in the arcade. And the arcades were interesting and cool and, you know, what's new and hip.

— Howard Phillips [6]

He graduated from the University of Washington and continued living in the Seattle area. He was a trade painter, including boats. [7] He had some experience in restaurant management. [8] : 10:00  [5]

Career

Nintendo

Warehousing and testing

Phillips was in between jobs when he saw a Nintendo job listing in The Seattle Times that read: "Have Fun And Play Games for a Living". [7] : 107–108  Phillips didn't apply for the job, instead being invited by former college friend and current Nintendo employee of one month, Don James. [8] : 10:00  [3] [9] This began his video game career in 1981 at age 22 [8] : 17:25  as the fifth employee of Nintendo of America by managing its first warehouse in Tukwila, Washington. [5] [10] [11]

Already an avid gamer, as manager of the 60,000 foot warehouse he eagerly took a privileged first look at each new product from Nintendo's headquarters in Japan, in a receiving and testing process which he considered "a little bit like Christmas". [6] He recalled, "I really love games of all types so every day was really fun." [3] These first arcade games include Sky Skipper (1981), Popeye (1982), Donkey Kong Jr. (1982), Mario Bros. (1983), Donkey Kong 3 (1984), Punch-Out!! (1984), VS. System (1984), and the smash hit Donkey Kong (1981). He was personally involved in receiving from Japan and delivering to American arcades the 60,000 cabinet machines (4,000 per month) of Donkey Kong alone that made the first fortune of Nintendo of America, totaling $180 million in the game's first year. At age 24, he was "the largest volume shipping manager for the entire Port of Seattle, having over 100 40' shipping containers full of games arrive every day and needing to be shipped out by late in the night." Running the warehouse hand truck like a competitively timed game to unload 11,000 pounds of 44 arcade cabinets in 9.5 minutes, [3] he then reloaded, delivered, and repaired machines in the field, such as "behind the hotdog machine at the 7-Eleven". [2]

He managed the test sites of each arcade launch, so along the way, he took the liberty of gathering owner feedback and observing the gameplay of audiences, especially children. [3] He said, "I took it as a chance to watch kids play and see what they liked and didn't like so I could pass that information on to Mr. Arakawa. I would also give them pointers on how to improve." [2] [3] He was regularly and candidly consulted by Nintendo of America's cofounders—salespeople Ron Judy and Al Stone, and president Minoru Arakawa, all of whom rarely played video games—about the players' preferences about Nintendo's and competitors' games, and the daily cash intake from each Nintendo game. [8] : 10:00  [9]

Nintendo Entertainment System launch

I plugged [the Famicom] in, and all of a sudden there were the arcade games we had been playing in these big 250-pound boxes, and putting in quarters every time. But with the Famicom system, you could just keep playing and playing and playing. And that was just such an amazing, cool thing. That was a big 'whoop' moment for us.

Howard Phillips [6]

At his warehouse, Phillips excitedly discovered the Japanese import of Nintendo's new arcade-capable Famicom home video game console in mid-1983. His avid gameplay skills, intuition, and market research made him a primary advisor to the Japan-based Shigeru Miyamoto and company, on how to approach and develop the nascent American market which was suffering the disastrous 1983 video game crash. [6]

Phillips was instrumental throughout the 1985—1986 launch of the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES). As part of the 12-person "Nintendo SWAT team" who moved to New York City in late 1985, he worked "every waking hour ... at the crack of dawn ... seven days a week". He chose the game library for the NES's launch, gave live product demonstrations, interacted with thousands of players, set up retail store displays designed by Don James and Gail Tilden, [3] [2] [6] and managed relations with the retail test launch sites. [6] [3] He wrote the elaborate script that demonstrators would read while articulating the centerpiece R.O.B. toy robot which was key to the NES launch success. [12]

With this cumulative knowledge, with his deep expertise in the entire Nintendo video game library, and being aged between the target child and their parents, [8] he became a core liaison between the Japanese developers at Nintendo Co., Ltd. and the American video game player market for the rest of his tenure. [13]

Game Master persona and mass marketing

Phillips was known as the Game Master [11] [4] He said, "I was so immersed in Nintendo's games, and those of our competitors, that I literally knew more about them than anyone else" so he helped establish and manage the Game Counselor toll-free telephone number, where callers could ask Nintendo employees for help with gameplay. [3] [14] In late 1987, he and marketer Gail Tilden consolidated and expanded this expensive practice into mass media form by creating the free-of-charge Nintendo Fun Club of which he was the President, and whose members received the complimentary Nintendo Fun Club News. [3] The modest but energetic newsletter achieved 600,000 subscribers, and its seventh and final issue [15] [16] is dated July 1988.

The Nintendo Fun Club and the Nintendo Fun Club News were canceled in favor of the much more expansive Nintendo Power magazine, with the first issue in August 1988. Phillips was co-editor and gameplay fact checker. [15] Because the Nintendo of America subsidiary was such a small company, where "everybody does everything" and "everybody worked together", Phillips was still the warehouse manager even with all these additional roles and regular flights to Japan. [15]

Nintendo Power features the Howard and Nester comic strip series which caricaturizes his real self in cartoon form, opposite an archetypal fictional boy who symbolizes all the Nintendo playing children of the world, and gave Phillips a direct voice to audience's homes. Phillips grew to become an industry personality, a lifestyle spokesperson, and advocate for the American gaming community. [3] [15] He said this:

When we first launched the NES in 1985, we figured out very quickly that kids were just dying to get extra information about the games—not just new games that were coming out, but also how to play them. [15] Kids loved the magazine because it included screen shots. Pre-internet and VCRs, actually showing kids the games was the only way to explain how to do tricks. They couldn't just look it up online. [17] Gail [Tilden] was really the driving force behind [Nintendo Power]. I was more of a player's advocate for things that had to do with games specifically, like which ones were cool and why they were cool. When we were doing press checks, I would always [fix accidents] like, "This screen is mirrored", or "This guy isn't in this area of the game." I made sure it was accurate so that it wouldn't cause more grief to send it out to all of the kids. [15]

Game development

Phillips was executive producer of all second-party games from Nintendo's partners such as Rare, [17] where he and developers Tim and Chris Stamper yielded Slalom (1987), R.C. Pro-Am (1988), [3] and Snake Rattle 'n' Roll (1991). [4] He was promoted to director of Game Creative in 1989. [10] He "managed the game evaluation system which reviewed all the games using professional game players, the game counselors, and real players who came in to our lab to play new games". [17] He helped to translate Nintendo's incoming Japanese Famicom games to the NES. [3] He advised them on the renaming of characters, and adjusting the difficulty of game progression and the amount and type of in-game help. He had frequent faxes about incoming shipments from the Japan headquarters, and from Shigeru Miyamoto with game questions. He made public relations appearances at events such as Nintendo World Championships, press interviews on television and phone, monthly week-long press checks in Tokyo, [17] and occasional product presentations such as the prototype of the Nintendo Knitting Machine proposed to Toys "R" Us. [18] [19]

He constantly played new games for hours on any given day. [17]

Leaving Nintendo

In 1991, the parent company Nintendo Co., Ltd. was Japan's most successful company, [20] the Super NES was being launched in America, Nintendo was on track to soon become more singularly valuable than all Hollywood movie studios combined,[ citation needed ] and there were more than 1 million Nintendo Power subscriptions bearing the celebrity of Howard Phillips. [4] At this time, he left Nintendo of America after 10 years and at age 32. [8] : 17:25  [21] [3] Nintendo Power ran an official farewell to Phillips in the final episode of the Howard and Nester comic strip, in which Howard hands his bowtie to Nester and rides his horse into the sunset. [4]

He explained this:

It was like the dotcom boom but obviously well before that. It was the beginning of the tech age. My skill, which was that I knew every game, wasn't possible [anymore] by the time I left. It was quite a bummer. [2] It wasn't that it stopped or slowed down, it was more that the public figure stuff started demanding way too much of my time. The new non-gamer marketing guy hired from Colgate (the toothpaste company) wanted 100% of my time (understandably so) and so it got harder and harder to stay close to the games. ... Also, after ten years Nintendo had grown to be 1,000+ people and just wasn't as much fun as it had been during the early days. [17] Ultimately that's why I left Nintendo in 1991 – I wanted to focus 100% of my energies on making great games. [3]

On the disturbing new wave of ultraviolent video games afforded by 1990s technology, and the disruptiveness of his celebrity status, he said this: "I had a totally different feeling watching a 7-year-old play Killer Instinct than I did watching a 7-year-old play Super Mario. ... I wanted to spend more time working on games themselves, and making people happy because of the games, not because I would leave my wife and kids in the car at the gas station while I talked to [a fan] and their kids for ten minutes." [4]

After Nintendo

Phillips was recruited to leave Nintendo and join LucasArts in 1991. There, he served as either producer, executive producer, designer, or creative director for each of approximately 167 educational games, some of which were published by JVC. He said, "The GM at Lucasfilm games Steve Arnold offered me a compelling role running both their nascent Learning Group as well as launching their Videogame Group (they had been exclusively PC games)." [17] [3] [4]

Phillips in the mid 90s had been in discussions with Sega of America's CEO Tom Kalinske about joining former employer Nintendo's longtime rival as their new spokesperson. While initially interested, he decided not to join Sega.

He then worked for THQ, Absolute Entertainment, and Splash Studios. [22] [23] In 1997, he was hired by Microsoft to be the playtest manager for the entertainment division. [24] [25] In 2009, he joined Chair Entertainment as a studio director. [26] [27]

In 2012, he launched a Kickstarter campaign to help fund a new independent project, a mobile application called Know-It-All. It was inspired by the cognitive and learning sciences behind gaming, to help people to memorize and learn information. [22] [28] The project did not meet its US$50,000 fundraising goal. [29]

Phillips was hired as the head of game design and user experience for GameDuell in June 2015. [30] [31]

Personal life

Howard Phillips has a wife Dayna and two daughters, Alexandra and Katherine. [1] [2] [3]

His all-time favorite video game system is the NES. His favorite arcade games are Donkey Kong (1981) and Robotron: 2084 (1982). His favorite console games are Super Mario Bros. , Metroid , and The Legend of Zelda [17] —the latter being his single favorite because it made the game industry's historically biggest leap forward of "depth, progression, and surprises". [5]

Legacy

Kotaku called Howard Phillips "one of the company's most high-profile and best-loved employees, his trademark red hair and bowtie making him as much a mascot of Nintendo's early success as any plumber or kid in a green tunic". [3]

Nintendo Power still functions as a podcast, having discontinued the multi-million-subscriber magazine format as an industry legacy.

Phillips remains an industry luminary—making event appearances, interviews, and showcasing his extensive vintage collections of Nintendo memorabilia. He has parted out some of this collection. He has pledged to donate part to the Video Game History Foundation, to which he recruits and facilitates other major collectors from his decades of substantial industry contacts. [8] : 10:00  Some of the collection such as Nintendo brochures, advertisements, and internal memorandums, are photographed on his own Facebook display and in media articles, [12] [18] [19] [32] and some have been sold. In 2013, he sold his 1990 Nintendo World Championships package for US$17,367 on eBay, hoping to reach an enthusiastic collector. [33]

See also

Related Research Articles

<i>Bubble Bobble</i> 1986 video game

Bubble Bobble is a 1986 platform game developed and published by Taito for arcades. It was distributed in the United States by Romstar, and in Europe by Electrocoin. Players control Bub and Bob, two dragons that set out to save their girlfriends from a world known as the Cave of Monsters. In each level, Bub and Bob must defeat each enemy present by trapping them in bubbles and popping, who turn into bonus items when they hit the ground. There are 100 levels total, each becoming progressively more difficult.

<i>Duck Hunt</i> 1984 video game

Duck Hunt is a 1984 light gun shooter video game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) video game console and the Nintendo Vs. System arcade hardware. The game was first released in April 1984, in Japan for the Family Computer (Famicom) console and in North America as an arcade game. It was then released as a launch game for the NES in North America in October 1985, with it also releasing in Europe two years later.

<i>Kid Icarus</i> 1986 video game

Kid Icarus is a platform video game developed and published by Nintendo for the Family Computer Disk System in Japan and the Nintendo Entertainment System in Europe and North America. It was released in Japan in December 1986, in Europe in February 1987, and in North America in July.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nintendo</span> Japanese video game company

Nintendo Co., Ltd. is a Japanese multinational video game company headquartered in Kyoto. It develops, publishes and releases both video games and video game consoles.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">R.O.B.</span> Video game console peripheral

R.O.B. is a toy robot accessory for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES). It was launched in July 1985 as the Family Computer Robot in Japan, and October 1985 as R.O.B. in North America. Its short lifespan yielded only two games in the Robot Series: Gyromite and Stack-Up.

<i>Contra</i> (video game) 1985 video game

Contra is a run and gun video game developed and published by Konami, originally developed as a coin-operated arcade video game in 1986 and released on February 20, 1987. A home version was released for the Nintendo Entertainment System in 1988, along with ports for various home computer formats, including the MSX2. The arcade and computer versions were localized as Gryzor in Europe, and the NES version as Probotector in PAL regions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nintendo VS. System</span> Arcade cabinet series

The Nintendo VS. System is an arcade system developed and produced by Nintendo from 1984 to 1990. It is based on most of the same hardware as the Family Computer (Famicom), later released as the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES). Most of its games are conversions from the Famicom and NES, some heavily altered for the arcade format, and some debuted on the VS. System before being released on the Famicom or NES. The system focuses on two-player cooperative play. It was released in three different configurations: upright VS. UniSystem cabinets, upright VS. DualSystem cabinets, and sit-down VS. DualSystem cabinets. Games are on pluggable circuit boards, allowing for each side to have a different game.

<i>Punch-Out!!</i> (NES) 1987 video game

Punch-Out!!, originally titled Mike Tyson's Punch-Out!!, is a 1987 boxing video game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES). Part of the Punch-Out!! series, it is an adaptation of the arcade video games Punch-Out!! (1984) and Super Punch-Out!! (1984). Differences from the arcades include the addition of undisputed world heavyweight champion Mike Tyson as the final boss. It received critical acclaim, and is retrospectively considered one of the greatest video games of all time.

<i>Nintendo Power</i> American video game magazine and podcast

Nintendo Power is a video game news and strategy podcast and former magazine from Nintendo of America, first published in July/August 1988 as Nintendo's official print magazine for North America. The magazine's publication was initially done monthly by Nintendo of America, then independently, and in December 2007 contracted to Future US, the American subsidiary of British publisher Future. Its 24–year production run is one of the longest of all video game magazines in the United States and Canada.

<i>Donkey Kong</i> (arcade game) 1981 arcade game

Donkey Kong is a 1981 arcade video game developed and published by Nintendo. As Jumpman, the player runs and jumps on platforms and climbs ladders to ascend a construction site and rescue Pauline from the titular giant gorilla. It is the first game in the Donkey Kong series as well as Mario's first appearance in a video game.

Minoru Arakawa is a Japanese businessman best known as the founder and former president of Nintendo of America, and the co-founder of Tetris Online, Inc.

1995 saw many sequels and prequels in video games, such as Dragon Quest VI, Mario's Picross, Mega Man 7, Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island, and Tekken 2, along with new titles such as Battle Arena Toshinden, Chrono Trigger, Rayman, Soul Edge, Twisted Metal, Star Wars: Dark Forces, Destruction Derby, Wipeout and Jumping Flash!

<span class="mw-page-title-main">History of the Nintendo Entertainment System</span> Aspect of history

The history of the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) spans the 1982 development of the Family Computer, to the 1985 launch of the NES, to Nintendo's rise to global dominance based upon this platform throughout the late 1980s. The Family Computer or Famicom was developed in 1982 and launched in 1983 in Japan. Following the North American video game crash of 1983, the Famicom was adapted into the NES which was brazenly launched in North America in 1985. Transitioning the company from its arcade game history into this combined global 8-bit home video game console platform, the Famicom and NES continued to aggressively compete with the next-generation 16-bit consoles including the 1988 Sega Genesis. The platform was succeeded by the Super Famicom in 1990 and the Super Nintendo Entertainment System in 1991, but its support and production continued until 1995. Interest in the NES has been renewed by collectors and emulators, including Nintendo's own Virtual Console platform.

<i>Baseball</i> (1983 video game) 1983 video game

Baseball is a video game from Nintendo. It was released December 7, 1983, after the July 15 launch of the Famicom in Japan. In 1984, it was ported to the VS. System arcade as VS. Baseball with additional graphics and speech, becoming a number one hit in Japan and North America that year. It was localized as a Nintendo Entertainment System launch game in North America in 1985, and in Europe in 1986. IGN said the universal appeal of the American sport made Baseball a key to the NES's successful test market introduction, and an important piece of Nintendo history. The game was also competing with Sega's arcade hit Champion Baseball, released earlier in 1983.

<i>Slalom</i> (video game) 1986 NES game

Slalom, originally released as VS. Slalom, is a skiing sports video game developed by Rare and published by Nintendo in 1986 for the Nintendo VS. System in arcades. It was then released for the Nintendo Entertainment System in North America in March 1987 and in Europe later that year. The player races in a series of downhill slalom skiing runs while navigating past flags and obstacles before time expires. It was developed by Tim and Chris Stamper and its music was composed by David Wise.

<i>Nintendo Fun Club</i> Former Nintendo fan club

Nintendo Fun Club was a fan club marketed by Nintendo. It was free to join, and its members received a free subscription to Nintendo Fun Club News, a periodical that discussed popular games and games that were planned for the near future. It also offered tips and tricks, Nintendo video game news, and comics.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nintendo Entertainment System</span> Home video game console

The Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) is an 8-bit third-generation home video game console produced by Nintendo. It was first released in Japan in 1983 as the Family Computer (FC), commonly known as the Famicom. The NES, a redesigned version, was released in American test markets on October 18, 1985, before becoming widely available in North America and other countries.

<i>Willow</i> (video game) 1989 video game

Willow is a 1989 2D action role-playing game developed and published by Capcom for the Nintendo Entertainment System. It is loosely based on the 1988 film of the same name and is the second title Capcom released based on Willow that year, the first being an unrelated side scrolling arcade game. The version of Willow released for the Nintendo Entertainment System and the Famicom is an adventure game in the vein of The Legend of Zelda.

Gail Tilden is an American marketing manager and consultant. She formerly worked at Nintendo of America where she was instrumental in helping with the advertising of the Nintendo Entertainment System's introduction to the North American market, and establishing the Nintendo Power magazine.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nintendo Entertainment System models</span> Overview of NES model variants

The Nintendo Entertainment System (NES), an 8-bit third-generation home video game console produced by Nintendo, had numerous model variants produced throughout its lifetime. It was originally released in 1983 as the Family Computer in Japan, with design work led by Masayuki Uemura. Nintendo intentionally redesigned it as the NES in North America in an attempt to avoid the stigma of video game consoles lingering from the video game crash the same year; while it was initially conceptualized as a home computer, it was ultimately modeled after a videocassette recorder (VCR) for its debut there in 1985. Nintendo subsequently exported the NES to Europe and Oceania via local distributors.

References

  1. 1 2 "Howard Phillips". The Seattle Times. April 7, 2013. Retrieved July 17, 2019– via Legacy.com.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Phillips, Alex (April 2, 2009). "My Dad Was The Game Master". Vice. Retrieved April 15, 2019.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Plunkett, Luke (August 28, 2012). "One Man's Journey From Warehouse Worker to Nintendo Legend". Kotaku. Retrieved April 15, 2019.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Cifaldi, Frank (September 24, 2012). "Nintendo's former 'Fun Club President' wants you to Know-It-All". www.gamasutra.com. Retrieved April 16, 2019.
  5. 1 2 3 4 McFerran, Damien (October 5, 2012). "Ninterview: Howard "Gamemaster" Phillips". Nintendo Life. Retrieved April 15, 2019.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Cifaldi, Frank (October 19, 2015). "In Their Words: Remembering the Launch of the Nintendo Entertainment System". IGN. Retrieved July 1, 2019.
  7. 1 2 Sheff, David (1994). Game over : how Nintendo conquered the world (1st Vintage books ed.). New York: Vintage Books. ISBN   9780307800749. OCLC   780180879.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 MGC 2019 - Howard Phillips and Frank Cifaldi Interview. Hair of the Dogcast. May 1, 2019. Retrieved July 10, 2019– via YouTube.
  9. 1 2 Bishop, Todd (October 24, 2012). "5 questions for 'Gamemaster Howard' of Nintendo fame". GeekWire. Retrieved July 18, 2019.
  10. 1 2 Mary Firestone (2011). Nintendo: The Company and Its Founders . ABDO. pp.  63–. ISBN   978-1-61714-809-5.
  11. 1 2 Sipchen, Bob (April 27, 1990). "Nintendo Frenzy : Trends: America is in the grips of a computer-game craze. It may affect our future, some experts say". Los Angeles Times. ISSN   0458-3035 . Retrieved July 6, 2019.
  12. 1 2 Good, Owen S. (October 31, 2015). "Here's how Nintendo announced the NES in North America almost 30 years ago". Polygon. Retrieved July 1, 2019.
  13. ↑ Corr, O. Casey (May 30, 1991). "The Game Masters". The Washington Post. Retrieved April 15, 2019.
  14. ↑ Plunkett, Luke (August 22, 2012). "Remembering Nintendo's Other 1980's Magazine, The Nintendo Fun Club". Kotaku. Retrieved December 27, 2015.
  15. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Cifaldi, Frank (December 11, 2012). "Nintendo Power: Remembering America's Longest-Lasting Game Magazine". Gamasutra. Retrieved July 12, 2019.
  16. ↑ Wong, Kevin (December 2, 2013). "How We Played With Power: The Secret History of "Nintendo Power"". Complex. Retrieved April 16, 2019.
  17. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Phillips, Howard (April 14, 2013). "Interview: Howard Phillips (Ex-Nintendo Power Co-Editor)" (Interview). Interviewed by Michael Levy. Retrieved July 9, 2019.
  18. 1 2 Cox, Kate (August 30, 2012). "This Long-Lost Nintendo Knitting Machine Would Have Let You Make Sweaters With Your NES". Kotaku. Retrieved July 9, 2019.
  19. 1 2 Byford, Sam (August 31, 2012). "Nintendo's plans for a NES knitting machine accessory revealed". The Verge. Retrieved July 9, 2019.
  20. ↑ Parkin, Simon (September 20, 2013). "Postscript: The Man Behind Nintendo". The New Yorker . Retrieved July 12, 2019.
  21. ↑ Handrahan, Matthew (June 24, 2015). "GameDuell hires Nintendo, Microsoft veteran Howard Phillips". GamesIndustry.biz. Retrieved April 16, 2019.
  22. 1 2 Ungerleider, Neal (October 3, 2012). "From Nintendo To Kickstarter: Gaming Legend Howard Phillips' Next Act". Fast Company. Retrieved April 16, 2019.
  23. ↑ Sinclair, Brendan (March 18, 2009). "Howard Phillips pulls up Chair". GameSpot. Retrieved July 11, 2019.
  24. ↑ Kent, Steven L. (June 16, 2010). The Ultimate History of Video Games: Volume Two: from Pong to Pokémon and beyond...the story behind the craze that touched our lives and changed the world. Crown/Archetype. pp. 762–. ISBN   978-0-307-56087-2.
  25. ↑ Norman, Kent; Kirakowski, Jurek (December 28, 2017). The Wiley Handbook of Human Computer Interaction Set. Wiley. pp. 301–. ISBN   978-1-118-97726-2.
  26. ↑ Remo, Chris (March 18, 2009). "Nintendo Veteran Howard Philips To Direct Epic's Chair Entertainment". Gamasutra. Retrieved April 15, 2019.
  27. ↑ Fletcher, JC (March 18, 2009). "Nintendo icon Howard Phillips joins Epic-owned Chair Entertainment". Engadget. Retrieved July 6, 2019.
  28. ↑ Kohler, Chris (October 15, 2012). "Know-It-All App Lets You Learn Without Thinking". Wired. ISSN   1059-1028 . Retrieved April 16, 2019.
  29. ↑ "Gamemaster Howard's Know-It-All". Kickstarter. Retrieved April 16, 2019.
  30. ↑ Wawro, Alex (June 24, 2015). "Casual game maker Gameduell snaps up Nintendo icon Howard Phillips". Gamasutra. Retrieved April 15, 2019.
  31. ↑ Handrahan, Matthew (June 24, 2015). "GameDuell hires Nintendo, Microsoft veteran Howard Phillips". GamesIndustry.biz. Retrieved July 6, 2019.
  32. ↑ Mackey, Bob. "Inside the Howard Phillips Vault: Nine Treasures from Nintendo's History". 1up. Archived from the original on November 9, 2012. Retrieved July 12, 2019.
  33. ↑ Watts, Martin (March 27, 2013). "Howard Phillips' "Ultimate" Nintendo World Championships 1990 Package Sells For A Whopping $17,367". NintendoLife. Retrieved July 12, 2019.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.