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Type | Public |
---|---|
Established | 1669 |
Founder | Jean-Baptiste Colbert |
Endowment | 14M€ |
President | Jean-François Huchet |
Academic staff | 200 |
Students | 8,000 |
300 | |
Location | , France |
Website | http://www.inalco.fr |
Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales (English: National Institute for Oriental Languages and Civilizations), [1] abbreviated as INALCO, is a French university specializing in the teaching of languages and cultures from the world. Its coverage spans languages of Central Europe, Africa, Asia, America, and Oceania.
It is also informally called Langues’O (IPA: [lɑ̃ɡz‿o] ), an abbreviation for Langues orientales.
The undergraduate, graduate and continuing education courses offered at Inalco allow students to gain: [3]
These courses lead to career paths in international business, international relations, communication and intercultural training, language teaching and multilingual computing.
Compared to other French universities, many programs at INALCO show high failure rates, i.e. high proportions of students failing the course in their end-of-year exam (65% of success in the 3rd year, compared to 74% nation-wide). [4] [5] This is particularly true among students specializing in Japanese, Mandarin Chinese, Korean, Russian and Arabic historically the largest departments of INALCO.
As an example, here is a table[ citation needed ] with approximate student numbers, indicating rates of success and failure in the first, second and third year of the Department of Japanese Studies.
Level | Total students | Successful students | Success rate |
---|---|---|---|
First year | 500 | 250 | 50% |
Second year | 300 | 150 | 50% |
Third year | 150 | 110 | 73% |
An explanation sometimes given[ by whom? ] is the difficulty of these courses, or the high level required by INALCO. A more likely cause is the absence of any entrance examination: any student can register in any course, regardless of their true motivation or academic level. But this is not the case of the Japanese Studies Department anymore for more than ten years 2015 (only around 300 of the 1200 to 1300 applicants are accepted to enter the cursus each year). Many students select a language out of a superficial interest in a country or culture, or due to individual connections, yet without the commitment to thoroughly learning those difficult languages. This issue is particularly acute for first and second year students; those who reach the third year are much more motivated, and thus show much higher rates of success.
Research at Inalco combines area studies and academic fields. Researchers study languages and civilizations that are increasingly in the spotlight – Africa, the Middle East, Asia, and as far as the Arctic – and are central to the major issues of the 21st century. Fourteen research teams, often partnered with other research organizations, PhD programs, and a publishing service form the backbone of research at Inalco. Inalco also has a project management and knowledge transfer service.
The research teams, administration offices and doctoral school are housed in a building dedicated entirely to research, with access to a full range of support functions: assistance in preparing research proposals and grant applications, organizing scientific events, looking for partnerships and funding, publication support, internal funding, and communication.
Dates | Name | Discipline | Comments |
---|---|---|---|
1796–1824 | Louis-Mathieu Langlès | Persian language | Died in 1824 |
1824–1838 | Antoine-Isaac Silvestre de Sacy | Arabic | Died in 1838 |
1838–1847 | Pierre Amédée Jaubert | Turkish language | military interpreter during the Egyptian campaign 1798 |
1847–1864 | Carl Benedict Hase | modern Greek | Died in 1864 |
1864–1867 | Joseph Toussaint Reinaud | Arabic | Died in 1867 |
1867–1898 | Charles Schefer | Persian | Died in 1898 |
1898–1908 | Charles Barbier de Meynard | Turkish, Persian | Died in 1908 |
1908–1936 | Paul Boyer | Russian language | Died in 1949 |
1936–1937 | Mario Roques | Romanian language | Died in 1961 |
1937–1948 | Jean Deny | Turkish | Died in 1963 |
1948–1958 | Henri Massé | Persian | Died in 1969 |
1958–1969 | André Mirambel | modern Greek | Died in 1970 |
1969–1971 | André Guimbretière | Hindi | Died in 2014 |
1971–1976 | René Sieffert | Japanese language | Died in 2004 |
1976–1986 | Henri Martin de La Bastide d’Hust | Middle East civilisation | Died in 1986 |
1986–1993 | François Champagne de Labriolle | Russian | Vice-president from 1971 to 1986 |
1993–2001 | André Bourgey | Middle East civilisation | |
2001–2005 | Gilles Delouche | Thai language (Siamese) | Died in 2020 |
2005–2013 | Jacques Legrand | Mongolian language | |
2013-2019 | Manuelle Franck | Geography of Southeast Asia | Vice-president from 2007 to 2013 |
Since 2019 | Jean-François Huchet | Economy of Eastern Asia | Vice-president from 2013 to 2019 |
Inalco conducts research projects in more than one hundred countries and offers joint programs with foreign universities. This enables Inalco students and their international counterparts to enhance their studies through immersive experiences. Inalco also provides distance learning courses through videoconferencing and online resources, offering instruction in Arabic, Armenian, Burmese, Estonian, Modern Hebrew, Inuktitut, Lithuanian, Malagasy, Quechua, Sinhalese, Slovak, and Swahili. [6]
Inalco is an active member of Sorbonne Paris Cité, with 120,000 students, 8,500 faculty members, and 6,000 technical and administrative staff. Branches have been opened in Singapore, Buenos Aires and São Paulo.
The foundation strives to develop the preservation, study, transmission, development and interaction of languages and cultures in France and around the world with projects involving the institute's expertise: education, research, advancing knowledge and skills in a globalized world.
More than 120 nationalities are represented by Inalco faculty and students. The institute, along with its teachers, students and partners, organizes over a hundred cultural events a year. [7] Inalco also participates in several international film festivals and makes every effort to share its knowledge and expertise with society.
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Jean-Jacques Origas (1937–2003) was a French academic with expertise in Japanese literature and art. He was a Japanologist, best known more for giving his knowledge to his students rather than for publishing books.
Jacques Guy is a French linguist, living in Australia since 1968. He started undergraduate studies at the École des Langues Orientales in Paris, France, focusing on Chinese, Japanese and Tahitian. He wrote his Ph.D. thesis, under the auspices of the Australian National University, on Sakao, a language of Espiritu Santo.
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Denise Bernot was a French academic who was professor of Burmese at the Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales from 1960 to 1989. She was the widow of Lucien Bernot (1919–1993) who was professor at the Collège de France in the chair 'Sociographie de l'Asie du Sud-Est'. She was an alumna of the École des Chartes.
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Centre de Recherche Berbère is a department at the Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales (INALCO) specializing in the Berber languages. The center is the oldest organization which focuses on Berber culture and language, being one of the very few to do so. It cooperates with the Institut royal de la culture amazighe du Maroc and programs at Moroccan universities.
Michel Soymié was a French scholar and author working in the field of Chinese popular religion and literature. As a professor at the École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) in Paris he directed a research group working on the Dunhuang manuscripts collected in China by the Paul Pelliot expedition of 1906-1908 which eventually evolved into the Centre de recherche Civilisation chinoise. He was responsible for publishing the collaborative catalogue of the Pelliot Dunhuang manuscripts.
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