Related Research Articles
Claude-Frédéric Bastiat was a French economist, writer and a prominent member of the French Liberal School.
Victor-Marie Hugo was a French Romantic writer and politician. During a literary career that spanned more than sixty years, he wrote in a variety of genres and forms. He is considered to be one of the greatest French writers of all time.
Frédéric Passy was a French economist and pacifist who was a founding member of several peace societies and the Inter-Parliamentary Union. He was also an author and politician, sitting in the Chamber of Deputies from 1881 until 1889. He was a joint winner of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1901 for his work in the European peace movement.
Richard Cobden was an English Radical and Liberal politician, manufacturer, and a campaigner for free trade and peace. He was associated with the Anti-Corn Law League and the Cobden–Chevalier Treaty.
The Territory of Minnesota was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from March 3, 1849, until May 11, 1858, when the eastern portion of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Minnesota and western portion to the unorganized territory then the land shortly became the Dakota territory.
George Bradshaw was an English cartographer, printer and publisher. He developed Bradshaw's Guide, a widely sold series of combined railway guides and timetables.
Joseph Sturge was an English Quaker, abolitionist and activist. He founded the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society. He worked throughout his life in Radical political actions supporting pacifism, working-class rights, and the universal emancipation of slaves. In the late 1830s, he published two books about the apprenticeship system in Jamaica, which helped persuade the British Parliament to adopt an earlier full emancipation date. In Jamaica, Sturge also helped found Free Villages with the Baptists, to provide living quarters for freed slaves; one was named "Sturge Town" in his memory.
Elihu Burritt was an American diplomat, philanthropist and social activist. He was also a prolific lecturer, journalist and writer who traveled widely in the United States and Europe.
Major-General Joseph Ellison Portlock was born at Gosport and was a British geologist and soldier, the only son of Nathaniel Portlock, and a captain in the Royal Navy.
Mary Carpenter was an English educational and social reformer. The daughter of a Unitarian minister, she founded a ragged school and reformatories, bringing previously unavailable educational opportunities to poor children and young offenders in Bristol.
The Peace Society, International Peace Society or London Peace Society, originally known as the Society for the Promotion of Permanent and Universal Peace, was a pioneering British pacifist organisation that was active from 1816 until the 1930s.
The Ligue internationale de la paix was created after a public opinion campaign against a war between the Second French Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia over Luxembourg. The Luxembourg crisis was peacefully resolved in 1867 by the Treaty of London but in 1870 the Franco-Prussian War could not be prevented so the league dissolved and refounded as the 'Société française pour l'arbitrage entre nations' in the same year.
Amasa Walker was an American economist and United States Representative. He was the father of Francis Amasa Walker.
The Boston Daily Advertiser was the first daily newspaper in Boston, and for many years the only daily paper in Boston.
A peace congress, in international relations, has at times been defined in a way that would distinguish it from a peace conference, as an ambitious forum to carry out dispute resolution in international affairs, and prevent wars. This idea was widely promoted during the nineteenth century, anticipating the international bodies that would be set up in the twentieth century with comparable aims.
The Centre for International Education and Research (CIER) evolved in the 1950s, at the University of Birmingham UK, in the context of the involvement of British academics in the new international educational role of the United Nations.
Charles Gilpin was a Quaker, orator, politician, publisher, and railway director. Among his many causes were repeal of the Corn Laws, establishing world peace through the Peace Society, abolition of the death penalty, abolition of slavery, enfranchisement by providing freehold land for purchase, liberation of Hungary from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Hungarian exiles in England, the Poor Law, prison reform, and foreign relations. He was "a thorough liberal".
Humphry Sandwith IV was an English army physician, known also as a writer and activist.
Joseph-Clément Garnier was a French economist and politician. He was a prolific author and a member of many learned societies. In the last years of his life he was a Senator for Alpes-Maritimes.
John Murray (1787–1849) was an abolitionist and social activist who served as Corresponding Secretary of the Glasgow Emancipation Society.
References
- 1 2 Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1920). . Encyclopedia Americana .
- 1 2 3 4 5 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain : Barclay, Thomas (1911). "Peace". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Durand, André (31 October 1996). "Gustave Moynier and the peace societies". International Review of the Red Cross. 36 (314): 532–550. doi:10.1017/S0020860400076129. Archived from the original on 8 March 2016. Retrieved 22 August 2011.
- ↑ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
- ↑ Peace Congress, 2d, Paris, 1849. Report of the proceedings of the second general Peace Congress, held in Paris on the 22nd, 23rd, and 24th of August, 1849. Compiled from authentic documents under the superintendence of the Peace Congress Committee. London, Charles Gilpin, 1849. Available online at The Internet Archive also available in formatted style at David Hart's webpage Archived 19 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Alan W. Ertl Toward an Understanding of Europe 2008 Page 61 "The French novelist and publicist, Victor Hugo used the concept of the United States of Europe, eg, at the Paris Peace Conference of 1849."
- ↑ The Proceedings of the 1850 Congress were published by Charles Gilpin and are available online through GoogleBooks
- ↑ The Congress was reported in The Advocate for Peace (Sept/Oct. 1851) pp. 125–128.
| Authority control: National |
|---|
