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| Jumadi | |
|---|---|
 Murti of Jumadi | |
| Affiliation | Grāmadevatā Kuladevata |
| Mantra | Jumadi mantra |
| Weapon | sword Ghanta |
| Mount | Buffalo or Elephant |
| Texts | Folk religion Dravidian folk religion Animism |
Jumadi is an androgynous deity worshipped in the Buta Kola folk tradition. The Buta Kola cult is popular among the Tuluva ethnic people in the coastal districts of Karnataka, India.
Jumadi is considered a deity of heavenly origin who descends to the Tulunadu region to receive worship from the people.
The various myths prevalent in the region describe the deity's insatiable thirst and the establishment of its cult among the dominant Bunt community. The deity's cult is further exalted by the worship it receives from the Chowta royal family of Moodabidri. The royal house of Chowta worships Jumadi at a shrine inside the Chowtara Aramane Palace. [1]
The deity's association with the ruling class Bunts gives it the epithet "Rajan-Daiva" (deity of the rulers). The myths pertaining to Jumadi are oral in nature and are recorded in distinctive Tulu folk songs called paddanas. [2]
The paddanas record the various adventures and legends of the deity. They also record the various forms and names of the deity such as Kanteri Jumadi (Jumadi worshipped by the Bunt feudal lords, Kantanna Adhikari and Devu Poonja), Marlu Jumadi (the wild form of the princely Jumadi), and Sarala Jumadi (Jumadi worshipped by a thousand households).
The legend of Jumadi describes a man-eating asura with insatiable thirst named Dhumasura, who had a boon by which neither a man nor a woman could kill him. Shiva and Parvati were invoked by their adherents, who then descended from Kailasha to slay the asura. On their way, Parvati felt hungry, and Shiva tried to satisfy her through various means, but she remained unsatiated. At last, Shiva offered himself, and ordered Parvati to swallow him. As Parvati swallowed him, Shiva's head did not pass beyond his consort's throat. Their bodies fused, in which the face of Shiva appeared with a moustache, below which was the neck and the body of Parvati. The deity's throat featured the lingam and wore a crown of nagas (snakes). [3] This androgynous form of Shiva and Parvati slew Dhumasura in battle, [4] because of which the deity received the epithet Dhumavati (not to be confused with the Mahavidya goddess Dhumavati.)
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