Jurassic Park (song)

Last updated

"Jurassic Park"
Jurassic Park (Weird Al Yankovic single - cover art).jpg
Single by "Weird Al" Yankovic
from the album Alapalooza
B-side "Frank's 2000" TV"
ReleasedOctober 1993
RecordedJuly 16, 1993
Genre
Length3:53
Label Scotti Brothers
Songwriter(s)
Producer(s) "Weird Al" Yankovic
"Weird Al" Yankovic singles chronology
"Taco Grande"
(1992)
"Jurassic Park"
(1993)
"Bedrock Anthem"
(1993)
Music video
"Jurassic Park" on YouTube

"Jurassic Park" is a parody of Richard Harris's version of Jimmy Webb's song "MacArthur Park", written and performed by "Weird Al" Yankovic; it was released both as a single and as part of Yankovic's Alapalooza album in October 1993. "Jurassic Park" was penned by Yankovic after he remembered the enjoyment he had when he combined a classic rock track with a recent movie theme with his 1985 song "Yoda". Yankovic decided to combine the plot of the recent movie Jurassic Park —a film about a park on a fictional island where geneticists have succeeded in cloning dinosaurs—with the classic Richard Harris track "MacArthur Park".

Contents

The song was paired with an elaborately animated music video, which was created by Mark Osborne and Scott Nordlund almost entirely via claymation. The video did not receive extensive play on MTV, although it was popular on The Box, VH1, and in Canada, where it was played on MuchMusic. The video, due to its animation, also later went on to be praised at various animation festivals worldwide.

"Jurassic Park" was met with mixed to positive reviews; while many reviewers enjoyed Yankovic's humor, others felt that the song did not satirize the source material, but instead merely recounted the plot to the movie. Webb himself was very pleased with the final result and has been known to sing the parody lyrics in concert. Although the single did not chart in the United States, it peaked at number 5 on the Canadian magazine The Record 's single chart. The video was also nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Short Form Music Video at the 37th Grammy Awards, although it did not win.

Writing

Yankovic was inspired to write the song after he heard The Kinks' song "Lola" while driving in his car one day, noting, "I was driving a rent-a-car through Florida when the song 'Lola' came on the radio, and it got me thinking about how much fun I had doing 'Yoda' [a song from 1985's Dare to Be Stupid ] where I took a then-current topic and combined it with a classic rock tune." [1] He soon turned his attention to the then-recently-released film Jurassic Park , based on the eponymous 1990 novel by Michael Crichton, which involved a group of scientists visiting the titular park located on the fictional island of Isla Nublar, where geneticists have successfully created genetically-engineered dinosaurs. Deciding to write a parody about the movie, he considered various songs to spoof, eventually deciding on the 1968 hit single "MacArthur Park", which was performed by Richard Harris. Yankovic approached the original song's writer, Jimmy Webb, who agreed to the idea [1] and was so amused by the parody that he later penned a letter to Yankovic that read, "Well, [this parody] oughta [ sic ] bury that song once and for all!" [2] Additionally, Crichton and director Steven Spielberg permitted Yankovic to produce the track. [1]

Recording and lyrics

Yankovic entered the studio to record "Jurassic Park" on July 16, 1993. [3] Backing Yankovic were Jon "Bermuda" Schwartz on drums, Steve Jay on bass, and Jim West on guitar. [4] "MacArthur Park" contained an actual orchestra complete with a strings section. [5] "Jurassic Park", however, features synth strings courtesy of keyboardist Brad Buxer, who programmed the section himself. [4] [6] Intermixed during the interlude are various dinosaur sound effects courtesy of Sandy Berman; Berman had previously created similar sounds for a theme park attraction, and loaned Yankovic the sound effects. [7] At 3:53 in length, the song is considerably shorter than the original, which clocks in at 7:21. [4] [8] Largely, this is due to the fact that the middle section featured in the original—the so called "After the Loves of My Life" section [5] —is omitted from Yankovic's parody. [9] [10]

The song itself recounts both the plot of the movie, and contains various in-jokes and references therein. [4] One line about lawyers—"A huge tyrannosaurus ate our lawyer / Well, I suppose that proves they're really not all bad"—was deliberately placed in the song to be ambiguous, as it could either be referring to lawyers or dinosaurs as being "not all bad". [4] [11] [12] The song also makes various pop culture references, mentioning both E tickets and Barney. [4]

Music video

A claymation version of "Weird Al" Yankovic, surrounded by dinosaurs. The video was directed by Mark Osborne and Scott Nordlund, and completed in two months. WeirdAlJurassicParkVideo.jpg
A claymation version of "Weird Al" Yankovic, surrounded by dinosaurs. The video was directed by Mark Osborne and Scott Nordlund, and completed in two months.

When it came time for a video for "Jurassic Park", Yankovic opted to use stop-motion and claymation; he joked during a Q&A that this was because "it's just too hard to find real live dinosaurs these days." [13] "Jurassic Park" was Yankovic's first video that was entirely animated—previous videos, such as "Money for Nothing/Beverly Hillbillies" and "Dare to Be Stupid" had featured elements of animation. [1] [14] The video was directed by Mark Osborne and Scott Nordlund. [15] Yankovic initially heard of the duo from Bill Manspeaker, the lead singer of the comedy rock band Green Jellÿ. [1] After being hired for the project, the two "basically turned a private residence in Los Angeles into a clay animation studio." [14] The two worked between July and August 1993, and slept in shifts, so that the final project would be ready for its release in October 1993. [1] [14] Yankovic remained hands-off in its creation, allowing the two full creative freedom for the video. [16] One critic noted that the music video seems to have been done in the style of Will Vinton's Dinosaur! A Fun-Filled Trip Back in Time! [17] The video parodies scenes from, as well as the general plot of, the 1993 movie, and contains a myriad of sight-gags—as is usual for Yankovic's videos—such as a claymation version of Steven Spielberg running from dinosaurs, Barney having his head bitten off, and a Velociraptor attempting to break down a door, only to realize it has a key. [18]

Release

Reception

"Jurassic Park" was released as the lead single from Yankovic's 1993 album Alapalooza . The single did not chart in the United States, but it sold well in Canada, where it peaked at number 5 on the Canadian magazine The Record 's single chart. [19] The video for "Jurassic Park" received light rotation on MTV. Yankovic later explained in an interview that "[MTV] played it a few times, and then just yanked it, because it wasn't really part of their sound." [20] [21] In contrast, the single was a success on The Box and they played it "incessantly". [20] Furthermore, in Canada, the song was a massive success on MuchMusic, making Alapalooza Yankovic's best selling album in Canada, with over 200,000 units sold, according to Music Canada. [20] However, the video was played and remained popular on VH1 well after its release; it ranked within the Top 50 Most-Played Clips during the months of August and September 1999, according to Billboard magazine. [22] [23] The video for "Jurassic Park" was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Short Form Music Video at the 37th Grammy Awards, [24] but lost to the video for "Love Is Strong" by The Rolling Stones. [25] Nonetheless, it received attention in animation festivals worldwide for its use of claymation effects. [1]

Jimmy Webb was particularly pleased with the finished product. According to Yankovic, several times during different concerts in New York and Los Angeles that Yankovic was in attendance, Webb would start to perform the original, feign forgetting the words, and then invite Yankovic on stage to help him sing "Jurassic Park" instead. For a Christmas present one year, Webb even sent Yankovic a rubber dinosaur mask as a joke. Yankovic later noted that Webb "was the coolest". [2]

Yankovic referred to the song during his Rifftrax commentary for Jurassic Park, declaring, "Jurassic Park in the light? Not so frightening." [26]

Reviews

Chris Hicks of the Deseret News called the single "absolutely hilarious", and rhetorically asked "who else would think of adapting that ridiculously popular movie's themes to new lyrics for Jimmy Webb's classic ditty 'MacArthur Park'?" [11] Hicks felt that the song's funniest moments involved the jokes revolving around lawyers and the mention of Barney. [11] Amanda Cohen of the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette wrote that it combined "the schlock of the original song with schtick about the dinosaur movie" and proved that "Yankovic is as funny as ever". [27] Furthermore, she noted that it was evidence that "his voice improves with every new release". [27] In a review of the Spike and Mike's Festival of Animation, Arthur Salm called the piece a "knockout" and praised the humor, specifically highlighting the claymation cameo of Steven Spielberg and the "goofy velociraptor" from the opening of the video. [18]

Some critics felt that the song did not satirize the source material, but instead merely regurgitated the plot to Jurassic Park. Entertainment Weekly referred to the claymation video for the "Jurassic Park" as "clever but toothless". [28] The magazine argued that Yankovic's parody did not lampoon the original material, but instead transposed new elements on top of them. [28] Rob Owen of Richmond Times-Dispatch wrote that the song "does nothing but recount the plot of the hit movie" and that "dinosaurs don't lend themselves to music". [29]

Track listing

CD single [30]
  1. "Jurassic Park" – 3:53
  2. "Frank's 2000" TV" – 4:04

Credits and personnel

Charts

Chart performance for "Jurassic Park"
Chart (1994)Peak
position
Australia (ARIA) [31] 84
Canada The Record Singles Chart [19] 5

See also

Related Research Articles

<i>Bad Hair Day</i> 1996 studio album by "Weird Al" Yankovic

Bad Hair Day is the ninth studio album by "Weird Al" Yankovic, released on March 12, 1996. It was Yankovic's last studio album for the Scotti Brothers label before it was purchased by Volcano Entertainment in 1999. The album produced an array of hit comedy singles; lead single "Amish Paradise", which lampoons both Coolio's "Gangsta's Paradise" and the Amish lifestyle, charted at No. 53 on the Billboard Hot 100, while "Gump", which parodies "Lump" by the Presidents of the United States of America and the movie Forrest Gump, reached at No. 102.

<i>Running with Scissors</i> ("Weird Al" Yankovic album) 1999 studio album by "Weird Al" Yankovic

Running with Scissors is the tenth studio album by "Weird Al" Yankovic, released on June 28, 1999. It was the fourth studio album self-produced by Yankovic, and his first album for Volcano Records after its acquisition of Scotti Brothers. The musical styles on the album are built around parodies and pastiches of pop and rock music of the late 1990s, largely targeting alternative rock and hip-hop. The album's lead single, "The Saga Begins", however, was a parody of the 1971 single "American Pie" by Don McLean, and it recounts the plot of the film Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace, which was released around the same time. None of the album's singles charted domestically, although "Pretty Fly for a Rabbi", a parody of "Pretty Fly " by the Offspring, charted at number 67 in Australia.

<i>Alapalooza</i> 1993 studio album by "Weird Al" Yankovic

Alapalooza is the eighth studio album by "Weird Al" Yankovic, released in 1993. By the completion of his previous album, Off the Deep End, Yankovic had already written all of the original songs that he planned to use on his next release. This new album, which would eventually be titled Alapalooza in reference to the music festival Lollapalooza, consisted of seven original songs and five parodies. It produced three parody singles: "Jurassic Park", "Bedrock Anthem", and "Achy Breaky Song". "Jurassic Park" was a top five hit on the Canadian magazine The Record's single chart.

<i>Off the Deep End</i> 1992 studio album by "Weird Al" Yankovic

Off the Deep End is the seventh studio album by "Weird Al" Yankovic, released in 1992. This album was the first album self-produced by Yankovic, after six albums with Rick Derringer. Recorded between June 1990 and January 1992, the album was a follow-up to the unsuccessful soundtrack to Yankovic's 1989 film UHF. Off the Deep End and its lead single "Smells Like Nirvana" helped to revitalize Yankovic's career after a lull following his last hit single, "Fat", in 1988.

<i>Even Worse</i> 1988 studio album by "Weird Al" Yankovic

Even Worse is the fifth studio album by "Weird Al" Yankovic, released on April 12, 1988. The album was produced by former The McCoys guitarist Rick Derringer. Recorded between November 1987 and February 1988, this album helped to revitalize Yankovic's career after the critical and commercial failure of his previous album Polka Party! (1986).

<i>Dare to Be Stupid</i> 1985 album by "Weird Al" Yankovic

Dare to Be Stupid is the third studio album by American musician "Weird Al" Yankovic, released on June 18, 1985. The album was one of many Yankovic records produced by former McCoys guitarist Rick Derringer. Recorded between August 1984 and March 1985, the album was Yankovic's first studio album released following the success of 1984's In 3-D, which included the Top 40 single "Eat It".

<i>"Weird Al" Yankovic</i> (album) 1983 studio album by "Weird Al" Yankovic

"Weird Al" Yankovic is the debut studio album by American parodist Alfred "Weird Al" Yankovic. The album was the first of many produced by former The McCoys guitarist Rick Derringer. Mostly recorded in March 1982, the album was released by Rock 'n Roll Records as an LP and on Compact Cassette in 1983.

<i>Polka Party!</i> Album by "Weird Al" Yankovic

Polka Party! is the fourth studio album by "Weird Al" Yankovic, released on October 21, 1986. The album was produced by former The McCoys guitarist Rick Derringer. Recorded between April and September 1986, the album was Yankovic's follow-up to his successful 1985 release, Dare to Be Stupid. The album's lead single, "Living With a Hernia", failed to chart.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Smells Like Nirvana</span> 1992 single by "Weird Al" Yankovic

"Smells Like Nirvana" is a song parody written and performed by American musician "Weird Al" Yankovic. A parody of Nirvana's song "Smells Like Teen Spirit", it was released as the lead single from Yankovic's Off the Deep End album in April 1992. "Smells Like Nirvana" was written during a three-year career low for Yankovic after the financial failure of his film UHF, but captured the quickly-rising popularity of grunge and Nirvana's success. The song was written to ridicule the fact that many people could hardly understand Nirvana singer Kurt Cobain's lyrics in the original song. After being unable to contact Nirvana conventionally, Yankovic called Cobain while the band was on the set of Saturday Night Live, where Cobain quickly gave permission to record the parody.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Another One Rides the Bus</span> 1981 single by "Weird Al" Yankovic

"Another One Rides the Bus" is a 1981 parody of Queen's "Another One Bites the Dust" by American comedy musician "Weird Al" Yankovic. The song describes a person riding in a crowded public bus. It was recorded live on September 14, 1980, on the Dr. Demento Show, hosted by Barret "Dr. Demento" Hansen. Accompanying Yankovic was Jon "Bermuda" Schwartz, who would go on to be the parody artist's long-time drummer.

<i>The Food Album</i> 1993 compilation album by "Weird Al" Yankovic

The Food Album is a compilation album by American singer-songwriter "Weird Al" Yankovic, released on June 22, 1993, by Scotti Brothers Records. The release features ten of Yankovic's song parodies, all of which pertain to food. A similar album, The TV Album, which features songs entirely about television, would be released two years later.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bedrock Anthem</span> 1993 single by "Weird Al" Yankovic

"Bedrock Anthem" is a song by "Weird Al" Yankovic which was featured on his 1993 album Alapalooza. It is a parody of "Under the Bridge" and "Give It Away", both by the Red Hot Chili Peppers and features the same funk rock musical style. The song also appears on the soundtrack album for the 1994 live-action movie version of The Flintstones, with a portion of the song played during the end credits.

<i>Greatest Hits Volume II</i> ("Weird Al" Yankovic album) 1994 greatest hits album by "Weird Al" Yankovic

Greatest Hits Volume II is a compilation album of songs by "Weird Al" Yankovic, featuring his best known songs that did not appear on "Weird Al" Yankovic's Greatest Hits, plus the new single "Headline News" which had first appeared on the box set Permanent Record: Al In The Box, released a month prior. The compilation album was met with mostly positive critical reviews, and it managed to chart on the Billboard 200 at number 198. However, it ranks as one of Yankovic's least-selling records.

<i>Permanent Record: Al in the Box</i> 1994 box set by "Weird Al" Yankovic

Permanent Record: Al in the Box is a four disc compilation box set of songs by "Weird Al" Yankovic, released on September 27, 1994. The album, released by Scotti Brothers Records so that the label could make monetary projections for the fiscal year, collects Yankovic's favorite songs from his first eight studio albums. The collection also includes alternate versions of "My Bologna", "Happy Birthday", "UHF" and the new single, "Headline News", a parody of "Mmm Mmm Mmm Mmm" by Crash Test Dummies. It peaked at number 104 on the Billboard Hot 100.

<i>"Weird Al" Yankovics Greatest Hits</i> 1988 greatest hits album by "Weird Al" Yankovic

"Weird Al" Yankovic's Greatest Hits is a compilation album of parody and original songs by "Weird Al" Yankovic, featuring his best known songs from his first five studio albums, all of which were released in the 1980s. "Weird Al" Yankovic's Greatest Hits was met with mostly positive reviews from critics, with Heather Phrase of AllMusic noting that it provided a good overview of the early part of Yankovic's career. Despite this, the album failed to chart upon release, and ranks as one of Yankovic's lowest-selling records.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Living with a Hernia</span> 1986 single by "Weird Al" Yankovic

"Living with a Hernia" is a song by "Weird Al" Yankovic. The song is a parody of "Living in America" by James Brown, from the film Rocky IV. The song mostly describes the terrible "aggravation" and "back pain" that a hernia causes. The narrator himself claims to be suffering from a hernia, and that he's "Got to have an operation".

"Yoda" is a song by "Weird Al" Yankovic from his third album, Dare to Be Stupid (1985). It is a parody of the song "Lola" by the Kinks. Inspired by the events of the movie The Empire Strikes Back, the song is told from the point of view of Jedi-in-training Luke Skywalker and concerns his dealings with Master Yoda on the planet Dagobah. The song was initially written and recorded in 1980, during the original release of The Empire Strikes Back and achieved success on The Dr. Demento Show; however, securing permission from both Star Wars creator George Lucas and "Lola" songwriter Ray Davies delayed the physical release of the song for about five years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">"Weird Al" Yankovic discography</span> List of works by Weird Al Yankovic

The discography of American singer, songwriter, musician, record producer, actor and parodist "Weird Al" Yankovic consists of fourteen studio albums, one soundtrack album, nine compilation albums, eleven video albums, two extended plays, two box sets, forty-six singles and fifty-four music videos. Since the debut of his first comedy song in 1976, he has sold more than 12 million albums—more than any other comedy act in history—recorded more than 150 parody and original songs, and performed more than 1,000 live shows. His works have earned him five Grammy Awards among sixteen nominations, along with several gold and platinum record certifications in the United States. Yankovic's first single, "My Bologna", was released in 1979, and he made his chart debut two years later with his second single, "Another One Rides the Bus", which peaked at number four on the Billboard Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart. His self-titled debut studio album was released on Scotti Brothers Records on May 3, 1983, peaking at number 16 on the US Billboard 200 and being certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). "Ricky", the album's third single, became his first single to chart on the US Billboard Hot 100, peaking at number 64.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">"Weird Al" Yankovic</span> American comedy musician (born 1959)

Alfred Matthew "Weird Al" Yankovic is an American musician best known for creating comedy songs that make light of pop culture and often parody specific songs by contemporary musicians. He also performs original songs that are style pastiches of the work of other acts, as well as polka medleys of several popular songs, most of which feature his trademark accordion.

<i>Squeeze Box: The Complete Works of "Weird Al" Yankovic</i> Compilation box set by "Weird Al" Yankovic

Squeeze Box: The Complete Works of "Weird Al" Yankovic is a 15-album box set by American comedy musician "Weird Al" Yankovic, released on November 24, 2017. Squeeze Box marks Yankovic's second box set since 1994's Permanent Record: Al in the Box.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Hansen, Barret (1994). Permanent Record: Al in the Box (liner). "Weird Al" Yankovic. California, United States: Scotti Brothers Records.
  2. 1 2 Yankovic, Alfred M. (April 1999). "'Ask Al' Q&As for April, 1999". The Official "Weird Al" Yankovic Web Site. Retrieved April 28, 2013.
  3. Yankovic, Alfred M. (December 2007). "Recording Dates". The Official "Weird Al" Yankovic Web Site. Retrieved June 26, 2010.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Alapalooza (liner). "Weird Al" Yankovic. Scotti Brothers Records. 1993.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  5. 1 2 "Harris, Richard MacArthur Park – Phonograph Recording Contract" (PDF). The Wrecking Crew . Retrieved April 18, 2012.
  6. "Players". The Official "Weird Al" Yankovic Web Site. Retrieved June 26, 2010.
  7. Yankovic, Alfred M. (August 1999). "'Ask Al' Q&As for August, 1999". The Official "Weird Al" Yankovic Web Site. Retrieved June 23, 2010.
  8. A Tramp Shining (liner). Richard Harris. Dunhill Records. 1968.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  9. The 'Weird Al' Yankovic Anthology: Piano – Vocal – Guitar. Cherry Lane Music. July 1, 1996. ISBN   9781575600215.
  10. MacArthur Park (Sheet Music). Canopy Music. 1968. ASIN   B000PI5W4Q.
  11. 1 2 3 Hicks, Chris (November 28, 1993). "Weird Al's 'Jurassic' is Comedy Classic". Deseret News . Deseret News Publishing Company . Retrieved April 28, 2013.(subscription required)
  12. Yankovic, Alfred M. (December 1998). "'Ask Al' Q&As for December, 1998". The Official "Weird Al" Yankovic Web Site. Retrieved June 23, 2010.
  13. Yankovic, Alfred M. (September 1999). "'Ask Al' Q&As for September, 1999". The Official "Weird Al" Yankovic Web Site. Retrieved April 28, 2013.
  14. 1 2 3 Yankovic, Alfred (2013), "Jurassic Park", 'Weird Al' Yankovic Official Limited Edition Trading Cards, Volcano Records, no. 50
  15. 'Weird Al' Yankovic: The Ultimate Video Collection (Media notes). Jay Levey, "Weird Al" Yankovic. Volcano Entertainment. 2003 [2003]. 82876-53727-9.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  16. Suskind, Alex (July 15, 2014). "The History Behind 12 Great Weird Al Videos". Vulture . Retrieved July 24, 2019.
  17. Hazen, Natalie. "For Nearly Three Decades..." Splitsider.com . Retrieved April 28, 2013.
  18. 1 2 Salm, Arthur (January 20, 1994). "Wallace, Gromit Return in Delightful Claymation". The San Diego Union-Tribune . MLIM Holdings. Retrieved April 28, 2013.
  19. 1 2 "Hits of the World". Billboard . Vol. 106, no. 8. February 19, 1994. Retrieved April 28, 2013.
  20. 1 2 3 Yankovic, Alfred M. (February 1995). "Visions of Gray" (Interview). Interviewed by Jeff Elbel. Retrieved June 23, 2010.
  21. Yankovic, Alfred M. (January 2000). "'Ask Al' Q&As for January, 2000". The Official "Weird Al" Yankovic Web Site. Retrieved June 23, 2010.
  22. "Video Monitor". Billboard . Vol. 111, no. 34. Aug 21, 1999. Retrieved April 28, 2013.
  23. "Video Monitor". Billboard . Vol. 111, no. 39. Sep 25, 1999. Retrieved April 28, 2013.
  24. "The 37th Grammy Nominations". Los Angeles Times . January 6, 1995. p. 16. Retrieved June 14, 2012.
  25. "1994 Best Music Video, Short Form". Past Winners Search. National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. 1995. Retrieved June 14, 2012.
  26. RiffTrax (2008-02-01), RiffTrax - Mike Nelson & "Weird Al" Yankovic - Jurassic Park, archived from the original on 2021-12-19, retrieved 2017-02-13
  27. 1 2 Cohen, Amanda (October 8, 1993). "Entertainment". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette . Block Communications . Retrieved April 28, 2013.(subscription required)
  28. 1 2 Kenny, Glenn (March 18, 1994). "Alapalooza Review". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on April 21, 2009. Retrieved June 14, 2012.
  29. Owen, Rob (October 31, 1993). "'Weird Al's Latest Venture Into Parody is a Little Weak". Richmond Times-Dispatch . Berkshire Hathaway . Retrieved April 28, 2013.(subscription required)
  30. 'Jurassic Park' CD single (liner notes). "Weird Al" Yankovic. California, USA: Scotti Bros. Records. 1993.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  31. Ryan, Gavin (2011). Australia's Music Charts 1988–2010 (PDF ed.). Mt Martha, Victoria, Australia: Moonlight Publishing. p. 306.