Kavijanasrayam

Last updated

Kavijanasrayam, also referred to as KavijanaaSrayam [1] Kavijanaasrayamu [2] [3] [4] and Kavijanaashrayam, [5] a Jain Literature, [5] [6] is considered by scholars to be the earliest work detailing Telugu prosody, [7] [1] [8] that is, how the basic rhythm of verses in Telugu poetry is structured. [9] [5] The work was authored by Malliya Rechana, [10] [11] [12] a Telugu language poet and writer, who lived in the 11t century in the present-day Vemulawada, Telangana region of India. [13] [14] [6]

While there are differing opinions on the exact year when the book was written, [1] Kavijanasrayam is estimated to have been written in the 11th century or between 900-950 CE. [1] [10] This is the oldest surviving piece of Telugu literature [10] [6] [ verification needed ]and was the reference for many next generation poets. [6] It is divided into five chapters. [15] British scholar Charles Philip Brown wrote an English book on Telugu prosodic techniques based on Kavijanasrayam. [16]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Telugu language</span> Language native to South India

Telugu is a Dravidian language native to the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, where it is also the official language. Spoken by about 96 million people (2022), Telugu is the most widely spoken member of the Dravidian language family, and one of the twenty-two scheduled languages of the Republic of India. It is one of the few languages that has primary official status in more than one Indian state, alongside Hindi and Bengali. Telugu is one of the six languages designated as a classical language by the Government of India. It is the 14th most spoken native language in the world. Modern standard-Telugu is based on the dialects of erstwhile Krishna, Guntur, East, and West Godavari districts of Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nannayya</span> 11th-century Telugu-language poet

Nannayya Bhattaraka or Nannayya Bhattopadhyaya was a Telugu poet and the author of Andhra Mahabharatam, a Telugu retelling of the Sanskrit-language Mahabharata. Nannaya is generally considered the first poet of Telugu language. He was patronized by Rajaraja Narendra of Rajamahendravaram. Rajaraja Narendra was an admirer of Mahabharata and wanted the message of the Sanskrit epic to reach the Telugu masses in their own language and idiom. He commissioned Nannaya, a scholar well versed in Vedas, Puranas, and Itihasas for the task. Nannaya began his work in c. 1025 CE and wrote Adi Parvam, Sabaparvam, and a part of Aranyaparvam.

Indian epic poetry is the epic poetry written in the Indian subcontinent, traditionally called Kavya. The Ramayana and the Mahabharata, which were originally composed in Sanskrit and later translated into many other Indian languages, and the Five Great Epics of Tamil literature and Sangam literature are some of the oldest surviving epic poems ever written.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Srinatha</span> 15th century Telugu poet

Srinatha was a well-known 15th-century Telugu poet who popularised the Prabandha style of composition.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Telugu literature</span> Body of works written in the Telugu language

Telugu literature is the body of works written in the Telugu language. It consists of poems, short stories, novels, plays, and song lyrics, among others. There is some indication that Telugu literature dates at least to the middle of the first millennium, the first extant works are from the 11th century when the Mahabharata was first translated to Telugu from Sanskrit by Nannaya. The language has experienced a golden age under the patronage of the Vijayanagara Emperor-Poet Krishnadevaraya.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Penukonda</span> Place in Andhra Pradesh, India

Penukonda also called Penugonda is a town in the Sri Sathya Sai district of Andhra Pradesh, India. It is 70 km away from Anantapur town.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Telugu people</span> Ethnolinguistic group native to southeastern India

Telugu people, also called Andhras, are an ethno-linguistic group who speak the Telugu language and are native to the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and Yanam district of Puducherry. They are the most populous of the four major Dravidian groups. Telugu is the fourth most spoken language in India and the 14th most spoken native language in the world. A significant number of Telugus also reside in the Indian states of Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Orissa, Maharashtra. Members of the Telugu diaspora are spread across countries like United States, Australia, Malaysia, Mauritius, UAE, and others. By 2024 Telugu is spoken by 95.7 million people all over world, which makes it the third largest Indian diaspora after Hindi and Bengali. Telugu is the fastest-growing language in the United States. It is also a protected language in South Africa.

Kapu is a Hindu caste mainly found in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. They are classified as a Forward caste. They are a community of land-owning agriculturists. Historically, they have also been warriors and military generals (Nayakas) in Hindu armies. They are a dominant caste of Andhra Pradesh. Kapus commonly carry the title Naidu. They are primarily present in Coastal Andhra with major concentration in the Godavari-Krishna delta region.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Charles Philip Brown</span> British official of the East India Company (1798–1884)

Charles Philip Brown was a British official of the East India Company. He worked in what is now Andhra Pradesh, and became an important scholarly figure in Telugu language literature.

Telaga is a community found in Coastal Andhra region of India. Telaga is a subcaste of Kapu and both terms are often used synonymously. They are classified as a Forward caste. They are a land-owning agrarian community. Historically, they were a warrior caste known for their honour and bravery.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vijayanagara literature</span>

Vijayanagara literature was produced in the Vijayanagara Empire during a golden age of literature in South India in general. The rulers patronised Kannada, Telugu, Sanskrit and Tamil scholars who wrote in the Jain, Virashaiva and Vaishnava traditions. The period produced hundreds of works on all aspects of Indian culture, religion, biographies, prabhandas (stories), music, grammar, poetics and medicine. An attempt is made in this section to list the various poets and saints and their most famous works.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hoysala literature</span> Literature in the Kannada and Sanskrit languages produced by the Hoysala Empire (1025–1343)

Hoysala literature is the large body of literature in the Kannada and Sanskrit languages produced by the Hoysala Empire (1025–1343) in what is now southern India. The empire was established by Nripa Kama II, came into political prominence during the rule of King Vishnuvardhana (1108–1152), and declined gradually after its defeat by the Khalji dynasty invaders in 1311.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Atukuri Molla</span> Teluga poet of the 15th century

Atukuri Molla (1440–1530) was a Telugu poet who authored the Telugu-language Ramayana. Identified by her caste, she was popularly known as Kummara Molla. Mollamamba or Molla was the daughter of Kesana Setti who was a potter by profession.

Nataraja Ramakrishna was an Indian dance guru. He was the chairman of Andhra Pradesh Sangeeta Nataka Academy. He was also a scholar and musicologist who promoted classical dance in Andhra Pradesh and worldwide.

Pavuluri Mallana was a c. 11th or early 12th century Indian mathematician from present-day Andhra Pradesh. He translated Gaṇita-sāra-saṅgraha, a 9th century Sanskrit mathematical treatise of Mahaviracharya into Telugu as Sāra Sangraha Ganitamu, popularly known as Pavuluri Ganitamu.

Vemulawada Bhima alias 'Vemulawada Bheemakavi' was a hugely popular Telugu poet for his style of poetry and is considered to be a demi-god for his powers.

Malliya Rechana was an 11th-century Indian poet and writer in Telugu language. He hails from the present-day Vemulawada, Telangana region of India. He wrote the first Telugu prosody (chandassu) book called Kavijanasrayam.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bommalagutta</span> Jain temple in Telangana, India

Bommalagutta is a Jain centre situated near Kurikyala village of Karimnagar district in Telangana. This Jain center is situated 3 km from another famous Jain center Kulpakji.

Kākunūri Appa-kavi was a Telugu language poet and grammarian from present-day southern India, noted for writing the Telugu grammar book Appakavīyamu. He claims to have written the book at the instruction of the god Vishnu, based on a purported Sanskrit language work by the earlier poet Nannaya.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Śēṣagirirāvu, Cīmakurti (1987). Forgotten Aspects of Telugu: Proceedings of Telugu Goshthi. Telugu Goshthi.
  2. South Asian Language Review. Creative Publishers. 1991.
  3. "Kavi Janaasrayamu (Toli Telugu Grandhamu)". www.telugubooks.in. Retrieved 5 January 2018.
  4. "Kavi Janasramamu : Malliya Rechana : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive". www.archive.org. Retrieved 5 January 2018.
  5. 1 2 3 Haripriya Rangarajan; Kamalakar G; Reddy A K V S; Venkatachalam K (1 January 2001). Jainism: art, architecture, literature & philosophy. Sharada Pub. House. ISBN   978-81-85616-77-3.
  6. 1 2 3 4 Chimakurthi, Seshagiri Rao (1992). Telugu Marugul (in Telugu). Telugu Gosti. pp. 87–92.
  7. Jawaharlal, G. (1 January 2002). Jaina Monuments Of Andhra. Sharada Publishing House. ISBN   978-81-85616-86-5.
  8. Sen, Sailendra Nath (1999). Ancient Indian History and Civilization. New Age International. pp. 424–. ISBN   978-81-224-1198-0.
  9. Reddy, Srinivas (7 December 2010). The Giver of the Worn Garland KRISHNADEVARAYA'S AMUKTAMALYADA. Penguin Books Limited. pp. 53–. ISBN   978-81-8475-305-9.
  10. 1 2 3 Datta, Amaresh (2003). Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature. Sahitya Academy. ISBN   9788126018031.
  11. "Kavi Janaasrayamu (Toli Telugu Grandhamu)". www.telugubooks.in (in Telugu).
  12. Rao, B. S. L. Hanumantha (1993). Religion in Andhra: A Survey of Religious Developments in Andhra from Early Times Upto A.D. 1325. Department of Archaeology and Museums, Government of A.P.
  13. Nidudavolu Venkata Rao Gari Rachanalu Parisilana (in Telugu). Rao Publications. 1998. p. 80.
  14. Chaganti, Seshayya (1950). Andhra Kavi Tarangini. pp. 7–11.
  15. Sastri, Kallidaikurichi Aiyah Nilakanta (1957). A Comprehensive History of India. Orient Longmans. ISBN   9788173045615.
  16. Jānamaddi Hamumacchāstri, Vaṭṭipalli Subbarāyuḍu (2000). Biography of Charles Philip Brown, 1798-1884, Telugu philologist. Mahati publications.