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Adrian Frank Furnham is a South African-born British BPS chartered occupational psychologist and chartered health psychologist. He is currently an adjunct professor at BI Norwegian Business School and a professor at University College London. Throughout his career, he has lectured in the following post-secondary institutions: Pembroke College, Oxford, University of New South Wales, University of West Indies, Hong Kong University Business School, and the Henley Management College.
In the field of personality psychology, Machiavellianism is the name of a personality trait characterized by interpersonal manipulation, indifference to morality, lack of empathy, and a strategic focus on self-interest. Psychologists Richard Christie and Florence Geis named the construct after Niccolò Machiavelli, as they used edited statements inspired by his works to study variations in human behaviors. Their Mach IV test, a 20-question, Likert-scale personality survey, became the standard self-assessment tool and scale of the Machiavellianism construct. Those who score high on the scale are more likely to have a high level of manipulativeness, deceitfulness and a cynical, unemotional temperament.
References
- ↑ Laura K.D. Johnson, "The light triad scale: Developing and validating a preliminary measure of prosocial orientation", Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository, Western Ontario University, 2018.
- ↑ Lukić, P., & Živanović, M. (2021). Shedding light on the Light Triad: Further evidence on structural, construct, and predictive validity of the Light Triad. Personality and Individual Differences, 178, 110876.
- ↑ Scott Barry Kaufman, David Bryce Yaden, Elizabeth Hyde, Eli Tsukayama, "The light vs. dark triad of personality: Contrasting two very different profiles of human nature", Frontiers in Psychology, 12 March 2019.