Part of the Politics series |
Democracy |
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Politicsportal |
This article needs to be updated.(November 2023) |
Below are lists of political parties espousing Islamic identity or political Islam in various approaches under the system of Islamic democracy. Islamic democracy refers to a political ideology that seeks to apply Islamic principles to public policy within a democratic framework. Lists are categorized by the ideological affiliation and sorted by the country of origin.
This is a list of political parties espousing Islam as its main identity without principal adherence to the particular ideology of political Islam, or taking a theological position of wasat which advocates for politico-religious centrism, Islamic democracy, Third Way, progressivism and liberalism.
Part of a series on Islamism |
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Politicsportal |
This is a list of political parties espousing Sunni Islamism as its main ideology.
This is a list of political parties espousing Shia Islamism as its main ideology.
Part of a series on: Salafi movement |
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Islamportal |
This is a list of political parties espousing Salafism as its main ideology.
Country | Logo | Name | Abbr. | Leader | Founded | Ideology | Lower House |
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Bahrain | Al Asalah جمعية الأصالة الإسلامية | AIS | Ghanim Al-Buaneen | 5 June 2002 | Salafism Islamism | Council of Representatives: 3 / 40 | |
Egypt | Al-Nour Party حزب النور | NP | Younes Makhioun [21] | 12 May 2011 | Salafism Islamism Wahhabism Madkhalism | House of Representatives: 7 / 596 | |
Pakistan | Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal متحدہ مجلسِ عمل | MMA | Fazl-ur-Rahman | 2002 | Islamism Conservatism Social conservatism | National Assembly: 15 / 342 | |
Yemen | Al-Islah التجمع اليمني للإصلاح | YCR | Abdullah ibn Husayn al-Ahmar | 13 September 1990 | Sunni Islamism Salafism Tribalism | House of Representatives: 44 / 301 |
Country | Logo | Name | Abbr. | Leader | Founded | Ideology | Lower House |
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Bangladesh | Bangladesh Tarikat Federation বাংলাদেশ তরিকত ফেডারেশন | BTF | Syed Nazibul Bashar Maizvandary | 2005 | Secularism Islamic democracy Conservatism Economic liberalism | House of the Nation: 1 / 350 | |
Lebanon | The Association of Islamic Charitable Projects (Al-Ahbash) جمعية المشاريع الخيرية الإسلامية | AICP | Shaykh Hussam Qaraqira | 1983 | Religious pluralism Islamic neo-traditionalism Apolitical Anti-Salafi | Parliament: 2 / 128 | |
Sudan | National Congress Party المؤتمر الوطني | NCP | Omar al-Bashir | 1998 | Islamism Arab nationalism Sufism Social conservatism Authoritarianism Militarism Anti-Americanism Anti-Zionism Right-wing populism | National Assembly: 323 / 426 |
Part of a series on Islam Sufism |
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Islamportal |
This is a list of political parties espousing Islamic Socialism as its main ideology.
Country | Logo | Name | Abbr. | Leader | Founded | Ideology | Lower House |
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Pakistan | Majlis Wahdat-e-Muslimeen مجلس وحدتِ مسلمین | MWM | Allama Raja Nasir Abbas | 2 August 2009 | Islamic democracy Islamic socialism Shi'a–Sunni unity | Gilgit-Baltistan Assembly: 1 / 33 | |
Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf [23] پاکستان تحريکِ انصاف | PTI | Imran Khan | 25 April 1996 | Islamic democracy Islamic socialism Welfare state Populism Environmentalism Social justice Civic nationalism | National Assembly: 0 / 342 | ||
Islamism is a religio-political ideology. The advocates of Islamism, also known as "al-Islamiyyun", are dedicated to realizing their ideological interpretation of Islam within the context of the state or society. The majority of them are affiliated with Islamic institutions or social mobilization movements, often designated as "al-harakat al-Islamiyyah." Islamists emphasize the implementation of sharia, pan-Islamic political unity, the creation of Islamic states,, and rejection of non-Muslim influences—particularly Western or universal economic, military, political, social, or cultural.
The Society of the Muslim Brothers, better known as the Muslim Brotherhood is a transnational Sunni Islamist organization founded in Egypt by Islamic scholar and schoolteacher Hassan al-Banna in 1928. Al-Banna's teachings spread far beyond Egypt, influencing today various Islamist movements from charitable organizations to political parties.
The National Liberation Front commonly known by its French acronym FLN, is a nationalist political party in Algeria. It was the principal nationalist movement during the Algerian War and the sole legal and ruling political party of the Algerian state until other parties were legalised in 1989.
Jamaat-e-Islami, or Jamaat as it is commonly known, is an Islamist political party based in Pakistan and founded by Abul Ala Maududi. It is the Pakistani successor to Jamaat-e-Islami, which was founded in colonial India in 1941. Its objective is the transformation of Pakistan into an Islamic state, governed by Sharia law, through a gradual legal, and political process. JI strongly opposes capitalism, communism, liberalism, and secularism as well as economic practices such as offering bank interest. JI is a 'vanguard party', whose members are intended to be leaders spreading party beliefs and influence. Supporters not thought qualified to be members may become 'affiliates', and beneath them are 'sympathizers'. The party leader is called an 'ameer'. Although it does not have a large popular following, the party is quite influential and considered one of the major Islamic movements in Pakistan, along with Deobandi and Barelvi.
Pan-Islamism is a political movement which advocates the unity of Muslims under one Islamic country or state – often a caliphate – or an international organization with Islamic principles. Pan-Islamism was promoted by the Ottoman empire during the last quarter of 19th century by Sultan Abdul-Hamid II for the purpose of combating the process of westernization and fostering the unification of Islam.
The Muttahida Majlis–e–Amal is a political alliance consisting of conservative, Islamist, religious, and right-wing parties of Pakistan. Naeem Siddiqui proposed such an alliance of all the religious parties back in the 1990s.
There exist a number of perspectives on the relationship of Islam and democracy among Islamic political theorists, the general Muslim public, and Western authors.
The National Islamic Front was an Islamist political organization founded in 1976 and led by Dr. Hassan al-Turabi that influenced the Sudanese government starting in 1979, and dominated it from 1989 to the late 1990s. It was one of only two Islamic revival movements to secure political power in the 20th century.
The Afghan mujahideen (Pashto: افغان مجاهدين) were Islamist resistance militias that fought the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan and the Soviet Union during the Soviet–Afghan War and the subsequent First Afghan Civil War.
Islam is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion teaching that there is only one God (Allah) and that Muhammad is His last Messenger.
The Arab Cold War was a political rivalry in the Arab world from the early 1950s to the late 1970s, as part of the wider Cold War. It is generally accepted that the beginning of the Arab Cold War is marked by the Egyptian revolution of 1952, which eventually led to Gamal Abdel Nasser becoming president of Egypt in 1956. Thereafter, newly formed Arab republics, defined by revolutionary secular nationalism and inspired by Nasser's Egypt, engaged in political rivalries with conservative traditionalist Arab monarchies, led by Saudi Arabia. The Iranian Revolution of 1979 is widely seen as the end of this period of internal conflict and rivalry. Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini was installed as the leader of Iran's theocratic government. A new era of Arab-Iranian tensions followed, overshadowing the bitterness of intra-Arab strife.
Called together in the Sudan by Hassan al-Turabi, the 1991 Popular Arab and Islamic Congress Conference sought to unify Mujahideen and other Islamic elements in the wake of the Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan and the Iraqi defeat in the Gulf War. It sought to provide an alternative to the Saudi-dominated Organization of the Islamic Conference, although it did not have its financial means.
The Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party, also referred to as the pro-Iraqi Ba'ath movement, is a neo-Ba'athist political party which was headquartered in Baghdad, Iraq, until 2003. It is one of two parties which emerged from the 1966 split of the original Ba'ath Party.
Islamism a religio-political ideology that seeks to revive Islam to its past assertiveness and glory, purify it of foreign elements, reassert its role into "social and political as well as personal life" where "government and society are ordered in accordance with laws prescribed by Islam".
Following the embargo by Arab oil exporters during the Israeli-Arab October 1973 War and the vast increase in petroleum export revenue that followed, the international propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism within Sunni Islam favored by the conservative oil-exporting Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and other Gulf monarchies achieved a "preeminent position of strength in the global expression of Islam." The Saudi interpretation of Islam not only includes Salafiyya but also Islamist/revivalist Islam, and a "hybrid" of the two interpretations.
The religio-political ideology of Islamism which has "arguably altered the Middle East more than any trend since the modern states gained independence", redefining "politics and even borders" (according to at least one observer, is active in many countries around the world.