List of herbaria in Turkey

Last updated

The following is a list of herbaria in Turkey. Herbaria are established within faculties and institutes of credible universities. Those created in departments that are concerned with natural sciences such as botany, ecology, biogeography and climatology are mostly used to do research on the genetics of the plants, to examine their distribution on specific geographical locations and to protect them for future generations, while those affiliated with more practice-based departments such as pharmacy are used as a resource for drug production techniques.

Contents

The first herbarium in Turkey was opened in 1933 within the Faculty of Science at Ankara University. Founded by Kurt Krause and Hikmet Birand, this herbarium is the oldest among its counterparts in the country and has the most number of species within its 200,000-piece collection. Therefore, it is also called Herbarium Turcicum (Turkish Herbarium). [1] [2] The Sugar Institute Herbarium, Atatürk University Faculty of Science Herbarium and Ege University Faculty of Pharmacy Herbarium are closed to visitors and scientific researchers. However, thanks to a specially created website, it is possible to access all the data related to the Ege University Faculty of Pharmacy Herbarium remotely. [3] Altınbaş University Faculty of Pharmacy Herbarium, which opened in 2018, is the first herbarium to be established by a private university. In addition, Anadolu, Ankara, Ege, Marmara, Onsekiz Mart and Siirt universities have two herbaria each, while Hacettepe, Istanbul and Yüzüncü Yıl universities have three herbaria each. As of 2020, there are 55 herbaria in 34 different provinces of Turkey.

Naming and abbreviation

To create a herbarium, it is necessary to do a serious research, using archiving and preservation techniques. Although herbaria are usually established within universities' science and pharmacy faculties, institutions such as botanical gardens or natural history museums can also create their own collections. However, aside from preserving them for scientific studies and keeping records of them, it is important to share them with the universal scientific community. Therefore, information tags are assigned to recorded plant samples and the abbreviation of the herbarium within which they are stored is also included. The names and abbreviations of official herbaria are recorded in an international data system called Index Herbariorum, which has been in operation since 1935. While assigning international codes, the name of the city where the herbarium is located is taken into consideration, as well as the name of the institution to which it is affiliated. Herbarium abbreviations are always written in capital letters, consist of at least one and at most eight letters, and no period is added. [4]

Thanks to this system, all herbaria that are active in the world only have a descriptive code of their own and the collections they host are transferred to a common information pool. The system, managed by the International Association for Plant Taxonomy between 1952 and 1974, has been operated by the New York Botanical Garden since 1974. As of 2020, approximately 3,100 herbaria from various countries of the world and more than 390 million samples in total were recorded in this system. [5]

List

NameNo. SpecimensCodeAffiliated institutionLocationOpening [lower-alpha 1] Status
Kırıkkale University Faculty of Arts and Sciences Herbarium1,000 [6] ADO Kırıkkale University Kırıkkale 2000 [6] Active
Ankara University Faculty of Pharmacy Herbarium25,000 [7] AEF Ankara University Ankara 1978 [7] Active
Abant Izzet Baysal University Herbarium14,300 [8] AIBU Abant Izzet Baysal University Bolu 1994 [8] Active
Aksaray University Herbarium5,000 [9] AKSU Aksaray University Aksaray 2006 [9] Active
Anadolu University Faculty of Science Herbarium19,525 [10] ANES Anadolu University Eskişehir 1994 [10] Active
Ankara University Faculty of Science Herbarium200,000 [11] ANK Ankara University Ankara 1933 [11] Active
Central Anatolia Forestry Research Institute Herbarium5,830 [12] ANKOGeneral Directorate of Forestry Ankara 1959 [12] Active
Artvin Çoruh University Herbarium30,000 [13] ARTH Çoruh University Artvin 2013 [13] Active
Atatürk University Faculty of Science Herbarium3,000 [14] ATA Atatürk University Erzurum 1969 [14] Closed [15]
Adnan Menderes University Botanical Garden and
Herbarium Application and Research Center		10,120 [16] AYDN Adnan Menderes University Aydın 1998 [16] Active
British Institute at Ankara Herbarium6,000 [17] [18] BIA British Institute at Ankara Ankara 1970 [17] [18] Active
Uludağ University Faculty of Arts and Sciences Herbarium55,000 [19] BULU Uludağ University Bursa 1984 [19] Active
Çanakkale Botanical Garden Herbarium25,000 [20] CBB Onsekiz Mart University Çanakkale 2015 [20] Active
Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Herbarium5,468 [21] CNH Onsekiz Mart University Çanakkale 1999 [21] Un­known
Çukurova University Faculty of Pharmacy Herbarium2,000 [22] CUEF Çukurova University Adana 2015 [22] Active
Cumhuriyet University Herbarium25,000 [23] CUFH Cumhuriyet University Sivas 1983 [23] Active
Dicle Universitesi Herbarium4,804 [24] DUF Dicle University Diyarbakır 1974 [24] Active
Düzce University Forestry Faculty Herbarium5,400 [25] DUOF Düzce University Düzce 2009 [25] Active
Dumlupınar University Herbarium11,000 [26] DUP Dumlupınar University Kütahya 1992 [26] Active
Trakya University Faculty of Arts and Sciences Herbarium5,790 [27] EDTU Trakya University Edirne 1983 [28] Active
Ege University Faculty of Science Herbarium35,000 [29] EGE Ege University İzmir 1964 [29] Active
Erciyes University Herbarium7,308 [30] [31] ERCH Erciyes University Kayseri 1996 [30] [31] Active
Sugar Institute Herbarium725 [32] ESKAnkara Sugar Factory Ankara 1956 [32] Closed [33]
Anadolu University Herbarium13,983 [34] ESSE Anadolu University Eskişehir 1979 [34] Active
Fırat University Faculty of Science Herbarium6,750 [35] FUH Fırat University Elazığ 1987 [36] Active
Gazi University Herbarium30,929 [37] GAZI Gazi University Ankara 1985 [37] Active
Gaziosmanpaşa University Herbarium8,300 [38] GOPU Gaziosmanpaşa University Tokat Un­knownActive
Gül Herbarium25,000 [39] GUL Süleyman Demirel University Isparta 2009 [39] Aktif
Harran University Herbarium7,000 [40] HARRAN Harran University Şanlıurfa 2017 [40] Active
Hacettepe University Biodiversity
Advanced Research Center Herbarium		5,000 [41] HBH Hacettepe University BIOM Ankara 2008 [42] Active
Altınbaş University Faculty of Pharmacy Herbarium500 [43] HERA Altınbaş University İstanbul 2018 [43] Active
Hacettepe University Herbarium42,000 [44] HUB Hacettepe University Ankara 1977 [44] Active
Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Herbarium6,000 [45] HUEF Hacettepe University Ankara 1975 [45] Active
İnönü University Herbarium8,000 [46] INU İnönü University Malatya 2008 [47] Active
Istanbul University Faculty of Pharmacy Herbarium90,000 [48] ISTE Istanbul University İstanbul 1956 [48] Active
Istanbul University Faculty of Science Herbarium40,000 [49] ISTF Istanbul University İstanbul 1956 [49] Active
Istanbul University Forestry Faculty Herbarium41,500 [50] ISTO Istanbul University İstanbul 1956 [50] Active
Aegean Agricultural Research Institute Herbarium21,500 [51] IZAegean Agricultural Research Institute İzmir 1964 [51] Active
Ege University Faculty of Pharmacy Herbarium6,051 [52] IZEF Ege University İzmir 1990 [53] Closed [54] [lower-alpha 2]
Karadeniz Technical University Herbarium23,240 [56] KATO Karadeniz Technical University Trabzon 1973 [56] Active
Selçuk University Faculty of Science Herbarium24,000 [57] KNYA Selçuk University Konya 1975 [58] Active
Marmara University Faculty of Pharmacy Herbarium16,575 [59] MARE Marmara University İstanbul 1985 [59] Active
Mersin University Herbarium7,810 [60] MERA Mersin University Mersin 1996 [60] Active
Centre for Implementation and Research of Plant Health Clinic Herbarium250 [61] MKUBK Hatay Mustafa Kemal University Hatay 2020 [61] Active
Marmara University Herbarium19,984 [62] MUFE Marmara University İstanbul 1984 [62] Active
Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University Herbarium6,000 [63] NAKU Namık Kemal University Tekirdağ 2012 [63] Active
Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanical Garden Herbarium8,500 [64] NGBBAli Nihat Gökyiğit Foundation İstanbul 2010 [64] Active
Ondokuz Mayıs University Herbarium7,500 [65] OMUB Ondokuz Mayıs University Samsun 1985 [65] Active
Pamukkale University Herbarium5,000 [66] PAMUH Pamukkale University Denizli 2008 [66] Active
Siirt University Herbarium2,000 [67] SIIRT Siirt University Siirt 2015 [67] Active
Siirt University Flora and Fauna Center Herbarium2,000 [68] SUFAF Siirt University Siirt 2015 [68] Active
Yüzüncü Yıl University Herbarium23,500 [69] VANF Yüzüncü Yıl University Van 1982 [69] Active
Van Flora Application and Research Center Herbarium22,996 [70] VHLV Yüzüncü Yıl University Van 1982 [71] Active
Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Faculty of Pharmacy Herbarium1,200 [72] VPH Yüzüncü Yıl University Van 2015 [72] Active
Bülent Ecevit University Bryofit Herbarium10,500 [73] ZNG Bülent Ecevit University Zonguldak 2009 [73] Active

Notes

  1. ↑ The years specified in the "Opening" column are indicated on the basis of the year in which the relevant herbarium received the international herbarium code. The date in question does not refer to the year in which the herbarium was actually or officially established, but the year in which it was scientifically registered in the international arena.
  2. ↑ Although the Herbarium of the Ege University Faculty of Pharmacy Herbarium, which is coded with IZEF, is actually closed, it continues to exist interactively as all the samples of herbarium have been uploaded to the internet. In this context "IZEF" went down in history as Turkey's first virtual herbarium. [3] [55]

Map

Provinces colored based on the number of herbaria they have Cities by number of herbaria.png
Provinces colored based on the number of herbaria they have

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">New York Botanical Garden</span> Botanical garden in the Bronx, New York

The New York Botanical Garden (NYBG) is a botanical garden at Bronx Park in the Bronx, New York City. Established in 1891, it is located on a 250-acre (100 ha) site that contains a landscape with over one million living plants; the Enid A. Haupt Conservatory, a greenhouse containing several habitats; and the LuEsther T. Mertz Library, which contains one of the world's largest collections of botany-related texts. As of 2016, over a million people visit the New York Botanical Garden annually.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Herbarium</span> Scientific collection of dried plants

A herbarium is a collection of preserved plant specimens and associated data used for scientific study.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Marmara University</span> Turkish public university located in Marmara, İstanbul, Turkey

Marmara University is a public university in Istanbul, Turkey.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Australian National Botanic Gardens</span> Botanical garden in Acton, Canberra

The Australian National Botanic Gardens (ANBG) is a heritage-listed botanical garden located in Acton, Canberra, in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia. Established in 1949, the Gardens is administered by the Australian Government's Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment. The botanic gardens was added to the Commonwealth Heritage List on 22 June 2004.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hacettepe University</span> Major state university in Ankara, Turkey

Hacettepe University is a leading state university in Ankara, Turkey. It was established on 8 July 1967. It is ranked first among the Turkish universities by URAP in 2021.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria</span> Botanic gardens at Melbourne and Cranbourne

Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria are botanic gardens across two sites–Melbourne and Cranbourne.

James Hamlyn Willis was an Australian botanist. He described 64 new species of plants, and published more than 880 works including the landmark two-volume A Handbook to plants in Victoria between 1962 and 1973.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Otto Wilhelm Sonder</span> Botanist (1812–1881)

Otto Wilhelm Sonder was a German botanist and pharmacist.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Near East University</span>

Near East University is a private university located in North Cyprus. It was founded in North Nicosia in 1988, by Suat Günsel, a Turkish Cypriot who is the 100% owner of NEU. The chairman of the board of trustees is his son, Irfan Günsel.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Harvard University Herbaria</span> Herbarium at Harvard University

The Harvard University Herbaria and Botanical Museum are institutions located on the grounds of Harvard University at 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts. The Botanical Museum is one of three which comprise the Harvard Museum of Natural History.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">National Herbarium of Victoria</span> Australian herbaria and scientific institution in Victoria

The National Herbarium of Victoria is one of Australia's earliest herbaria and the oldest scientific institution in Victoria. Its 1.5 million specimens of preserved plants, fungi and algae—collectively known as the State Botanical Collection of Victoria—comprise the largest herbarium collection in Australia and Oceania.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">State Herbarium of South Australia</span> Herbarium in Adelaide, South Australia

The State Herbarium of South Australia, sometimes called the South Australian Herbarium, and having the herbarium code, AD, is located in Adelaide, South Australia. It is one of several State and Commonwealth herbaria in Australia. The Department for Environment and Water is the state agency which is responsible for the Herbarium, but the Board of the Botanic Gardens and State Herbarium is charged with its establishment and maintenance.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Scientific collection</span> Systematic scientific collection of objects for the study of nature or of the human history

A scientific collection is a collection of items that are preserved, catalogued, and managed for the purpose of scientific study.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">National Herbarium of New South Wales</span> Centre for plant research in Sydney, Australia

The National Herbarium of New South Wales was established in 1853. The Herbarium has a collection of more than 1.4 million plant specimens, making it the second largest collection of pressed, dried plant specimens in Australia, including scientific and historically significant collections and samples of Australian flora gathered by Joseph Banks and Daniel Solander during the voyage of HMS Endeavour in 1770.

The Australasian Virtual Herbarium (AVH) is an online resource that allows access to plant specimen data held by various Australian and New Zealand herbaria. It is part of the Atlas of Living Australia (ALA), and was formed by the amalgamation of Australia's Virtual Herbarium and NZ Virtual Herbarium. As of 12 August 2014, more than five million specimens of the 8 million and upwards specimens available from participating institutions have been databased.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Margaret Sibella Brown</span> Canadian botanist (1866–1961)

Margaret Sibella Brown was a Canadian bryologist specializing in mosses and liverworts native to Nova Scotia. Although lacking formal scientific training, she has been recognized for her contributions to bryology and as an authority on the mosses and liverworts of Nova Scotia. Samples she collected are now housed at major herbaria in North America and Europe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Asuman Baytop</span> Turkish botanist (1920-2015)

Dr. Asuman Baytop was a Turkish botanist, plant collector, pharmacologist, and educator known for her research into the medicinal properties of the flora of Turkey. In 1964 she founded the Department of Pharmaceutical Botany at Istanbul University, and established the department's herbarium, to which she contributed over 23,000 specimens. She is also noted for describing several species of crocus, and the species Allium baytopiorum and Colchicum baytopiorum are named in her honor. She was married to fellow botanist Turhan Baytop. The standard author abbreviation A. Baytop is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">University of Health Sciences (Turkey)</span> Public university in Haydarpaşa, İstanbul, Turkey

The University of Health Sciences is a state university in Turkey established in 2015. It is the country's only higher educational institution for health sciences. As of 2019, the rector of the university is Prof. Dr. Cevdet Erdöl.

References

  1. ↑ Çelebioğlu, Sarım (1958). "Prof. Dr. Kurt Krause Ankaradaki Türkiye Herbariumunu (Herbarium Turcicum) Kuran Değerli Türk Dostu". Acta Biologica Turcica. 8 (4). Retrieved 29 April 2020.
  2. ↑ Baytop, Asuman (2009). "Hikmet Birand'ın (1904-1972) Anadolu Bitkileri Koleksiyonu" (PDF). Osmanlı Bilimi Araştırmaları: 321–329. Retrieved 29 April 2020.
  3. 1 2 Bintuğ Öztürk; Mehmet Ali Ege (2014). "Türkiye'nin ilk sanal herbaryumu IZEF örneği ve sanal herbaryumların bitkisel ilaç hammaddesi araştırmaları açısından önemi" (PDF). Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal. Marmara University. 2 (18): 79–84. doi:10.12991/mpj.2014186124. hdl: 11424/1852 . Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  4. ↑ Baytop, Asuman. Botanikte Adlandırma . Retrieved 29 April 2020.
  5. ↑ "History". New York Botanical Garden . Archived from the original on 12 February 2020. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
  6. 1 2 "Kirikkale University". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 25 December 2019.
  7. 1 2 "Herbaryum". Ankara University Faculty of Pharmacy. Ankara University Computer Center. 2019. Archived from the original on 20 June 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  8. 1 2 "Abant Izzet Baysal Üniversitesi". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 16 May 2020. Retrieved 29 April 2020.
  9. 1 2 "Aksaray University". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  10. 1 2 "Anadolu University". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  11. 1 2 "Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi Herbaryumu (ANK) "Herbarium Turcicum"". Ankara University Faculty of Science, Biology Department. 2019. Archived from the original on 23 December 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  12. 1 2 "Silvikültür ve Orman Botaniği". General Directorate of Forestry Central Anatolia Forestry Research Institute. General Directorate of Forestry, Information Systems Department. Archived from the original on 23 December 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  13. 1 2 "Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Herbaryumu (ARTH)". Artvin Çoruh University . Artvin Çoruh University Information Technology Department. 2019. Archived from the original on 22 December 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  14. 1 2 "Atatürk Üniversitesi". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 25 December 2019.
  15. ↑ "Atatürk Üniversitesi". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 22 December 2019.
  16. 1 2 "Adnan Menderes University". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  17. 1 2 "British Institute of Archaeology". Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Archived from the original on 23 December 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  18. 1 2 "British Institute of Archaeology". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  19. 1 2 "Herbaryum (BULU)". Bursa Uludağ University Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Biology Department. Archived from the original on 17 June 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  20. 1 2 "Herbaryum". Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University . Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Computer Center. Archived from the original on 22 December 2019. Retrieved 22 December 2019.
  21. 1 2 "Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  22. 1 2 "Herbaryum". Çukurova University . Çukurova University Information Technology Department. Archived from the original on 22 December 2019. Retrieved 22 December 2019.
  23. 1 2 "Cumhuriyet University". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 25 December 2019.
  24. 1 2 "University of Dicle". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  25. 1 2 "Tarihçe". Düzce University . Düzce University Information Technology Department. Archived from the original on 22 December 2019. Retrieved 22 December 2019.
  26. 1 2 "Dumlupinar University". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  27. ↑ "Koleksiyon". Edirne Trakya University Herbarium. Archived from the original on 26 October 2016. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  28. ↑ "EDTU Herbaryumu". Trakya University . Archived from the original on 26 October 2016. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  29. 1 2 "Ege University". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  30. 1 2 "Erciyes University". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  31. 1 2 "ERÜ Herbaryum Merkezi, Uluslararası Herbaryum İndeksi'nde". Cappadocia explorer. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  32. 1 2 "Şeker Pancarı Araştırma Enstitüsü Herbaryumu: ANKŞ". Acta Biologica Turcica. pp. 12–13. Archived from the original on 23 December 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  33. ↑ "Seker Enstitüsü". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 22 December 2019.
  34. 1 2 "Anadolu University". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  35. ↑ "Firat Üniversitesi". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  36. ↑ "Fırat Üniversitesi Herbaryumu'nun (FUH) Zenginleştirilmesi ve Modernizasyonu Projesi". Fırat University Scientific Research Projects Automation. Fırat University. 2014. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 25 December 2019.
  37. 1 2 "Herbaryum Dökümü". Gazi University Herbarium. Archived from the original on 1 June 2009. Retrieved 29 April 2020.
  38. ↑ "Gaziosmanpasa University". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  39. 1 2 "Gül Herbaryumu'nun Tarihçesi". Süleyman Demirel University . SDU Computer Center. 2019. Archived from the original on 22 December 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  40. 1 2 "Harran Üniversitesi". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  41. ↑ "Hacettepe University Biodiversity Advanced Research Center Herbarium". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  42. ↑ "Hacettepe Üniversitesi Biyolojik Çeşitlilik Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi Yönetmeliği". T.C. Resmî Gazete (26964). 11 August 2008. Retrieved 25 December 2019.
  43. 1 2 "Altinbas University". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  44. 1 2 "Botanik Anabilim Dalı". Hacettepe University Department of Biology. Hacettepe University Department of Biology. 24 March 2018. Archived from the original on 27 June 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  45. 1 2 "Farmasötik Botanik Anabilim Dalı Herbaryum". Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy. Archived from the original on 28 June 2019. Retrieved 22 December 2019.
  46. ↑ "Inonu University". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 25 December 2019.
  47. ↑ Şanlı Kabaktepe; Zeliha Bahçecioğlu; Birol Mutlu; Şükrü Karakuş; Turan Arabacı (23 June 2008). "Türkiye İçin Yeni Bir Herbaryum: İnönü Üniversitesi Herbaryumu (INU)" (PDF). 19th National Biology Congress. Trabzon: Karadeniz Technical University Department of Biology: 350. Retrieved 25 December 2019.
  48. 1 2 "İstanbul Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi Herbaryumu – ISTE". Istanbul University . 2019. Archived from the original on 21 June 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  49. 1 2 "Koleksiyonun Kısa Tanıtımı". Istanbul University Museum and Heritage Management Application and Research Center. Istanbul University. Archived from the original on 23 December 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  50. 1 2 "Herbaryumun Kısa Tanıtımı". Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa. 2019. Archived from the original on 22 December 2019. Retrieved 22 December 2019.
  51. 1 2 "Aegean Agricultural Research Institute". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  52. ↑ "IZEF Uluslararası Herbaryumu". Ege University Faculty of Pharmacy. Archived from the original on 22 December 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  53. ↑ "Tarihçe". Ege University Faculty of Pharmacy. Archived from the original on 22 December 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  54. ↑ "Ege Üniversitesi". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 22 December 2019.
  55. ↑ "Tıbbi bitki kütüphanesi!". Milliyet . 17 February 2018. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  56. 1 2 "Karadeniz Technical University". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  57. ↑ "BÖLÜM BİLGİLERİ". Selçuk University Faculty of Science Biology Department. Selçuk University Information Technologies Department. Archived from the original on 23 December 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  58. ↑ "Selçuk Üniversitesi". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  59. 1 2 "M.Ü. Eczacılık Fakültesi Herbaryumu". Marmara University Faculty of Pharmacy. 11 February 2019. Archived from the original on 9 July 2019. Retrieved 22 December 2019.
  60. 1 2 "Art and Science Faculty". New York Botanical Gardem. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 25 December 2019.
  61. 1 2 "Centre for Implementation and Research of Plant Health Clinic". New York Botanical Garden. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
  62. 1 2 "Marmara University". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  63. 1 2 "Namik Kemal University". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  64. 1 2 "NGBB Herbaryumu". Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanical Garden. ANG Foundation. 2018. Archived from the original on 7 July 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  65. 1 2 "Ondokuz Mayis University". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  66. 1 2 "Pamukkale University". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 25 December 2019.
  67. 1 2 "Siirt Üniversity Kezer Campus". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 25 December 2019.
  68. 1 2 "Siirt University Flora and Fauna Center". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  69. 1 2 "Van Flora Application and Research Center". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  70. ↑ "Van Flora Application and Research Center Herbarium Catalogue". VANF Herbarium Catalogue. Van YYÜ Van Flora Application and Research Center. 2018. Archived from the original on 23 December 2019. Retrieved 29 April 2020.
  71. ↑ "VANF Herbarium". VANF Herbarium Catalogue. Van Y.Y.U Van Flora Application and Research Center. 2018. Archived from the original on 17 January 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  72. 1 2 "Yuzuncu Yil University". New York Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 25 December 2019.
  73. 1 2 Hazer, Yasin (2010). "Bülent Ecevit Üniversitesi Bryofit Herbaryumu". Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University Bryofit Herbarium. Archived from the original on 22 December 2019. Retrieved 22 December 2019.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.