The following is a list of massacres that have occurred in Peru (numbers may be approximate):
Name | Date | Location | Deaths | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Battle of Cajamarca | November 16, 1532 | Cajamarca | 2,000 | The Spanish killed thousands of Atahualpa's counselors, commanders, and unarmed attendants in the great plaza of Cajamarca, and caused his armed host outside the town to flee |
Cañete Valley Anti-Chinese massacre | 1881 | Cañete Valley | 500 - 1,500 | In one 1881 pogrom in the Cañete Valley it is estimated that 500 to 1,500 Chinese were killed. [1] |
Lucanamarca massacre | April 3, 1983 | Lucanamarca | 69 | Carried out by Shining Path |
Muru Muru massacre | November, 1984 | Chungui, Ayacucho | 10 | Carried out by Civil Defense Patrols [2] |
Oronqoy massacre | December, 1984 | Chungui, Ayacucho | 29 | Carried out by Civil Defense Patrols [2] |
Accomarca massacre | August 14, 1985 | Accomarca, Ayacucho | 47-74 | Carried out by Peruvian Military Forces |
Putis massacre | December 1984 | Putis, Santillana District | 154 | Carried out by Peruvian Military Forces |
Peruvian prison massacres | June 1986 | Prisons in Lima and Callao | At least 224 | Carried out by Peruvian Military Forces |
Aucayacu massacre | August 6, 1986 | Accomarca, José Crespo Y Castillo District | 10 | Carried out by Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement |
Cayara massacre | May 14, 1988 | Cayara District, Ayacucho | 39 | Carried out by Peruvian Military Forces |
Tarapoto massacre | May 31, 1989 | Tarapoto, Department of San Martín | 8 | Carried out by MRTA [3] |
Ccano massacre | February 23, 1991 | Ccano, La Mar Province | 32 | Carried out by Shining Path [4] |
Santa Barbara massacre | July 4, 1991 | Santa Barbara, Huancavelica | 15 | Carried out by Peruvian Army |
Barrios Altos massacre | November 3, 1991 | Lima | 15 | Carried out by government-affiliated Colina Group 4 injured |
Santa massacre | May 2, 1992 | Santa Province, Ancash Region | 9 | Carried out by government-affiliated Colina Group |
Tarata bombing | July 16, 1992 | Tarata St., Miraflores, Lima | 25 | Two large truck bombs explode in the wealthy Miraflores District, killing 25, injuring 250 and damaging hundreds of houses and businesses. The communist group Shining Path claimed responsibility. |
La Cantuta massacre | July 18, 1992 | Lima | 10 | 9 students and a professor were killed by government-affiliated Colina Group |
San Miguel del Ene massacre | May 23, 2021 | San Miguel del Ene, Satipo Province | 14-18 | Carried out by the Militarized Communist Party of Peru |
Ayacucho massacre | December 15, 2022 | Ayacucho | 10 | Carried out by the Peruvian Army |
Juliaca massacre | January 9, 2023 | Juliaca, Puno | 18 | Carried out by the Peruvian National Police |
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Following the ousting of president of Peru, Pedro Castillo on 7 December 2022, a series of political protests against the government of president Dina Boluarte and the Congress of Peru occurred. The demonstrations lack centralized leadership and originated primarily among grassroots movements and social organizations on the left to far-left, as well as indigenous communities, who feel politically disenfranchised. Castillo was removed from office and arrested after announcing the dissolution of Congress, the intervention of the state apparatus, and the establishment of an "emergency government", which was characterized as a self-coup attempt by some media organizations and institutions in Peru while Castillo's supporters said that Congress attempted to overthrow Castillo. Castillo's successor Dina Boluarte, along with Congress, were widely disapproved, with the two receiving the lowest approval ratings among public offices in the Americas. Among the main demands of the demonstrators are the dissolution of Congress, the resignation of Boluarte, new general elections, the release of Castillo, and the formation of a constituent assembly to draft a new constitution. It has also been reported that some of the protesters have declared an insurgency. Analysts, businesses, and voters said that immediate elections are necessary to prevent future unrest, although many establishment political parties have little public support.
The Ayacucho massacre was a massacre perpetrated by the Peruvian Army on 15 December 2022 in Ayacucho, Peru during the 2022–2023 Peruvian protests, occurring one day after President Dina Boluarte, with the support of right-wing parties, granted the Peruvian Armed Forces expanded powers and the ability to respond to demonstrations. On that day, demonstrations took place in Ayacucho and the situation intensified when the military deployed helicopters to fire at protesters, who later tried to take over the city's airport, which was defended by the Peruvian Army and the National Police of Peru. Troops responded by firing live ammunition at protesters, resulting in ten dead and 61 injured. Among the injured, 90% had gunshot wounds, while those killed were shot in the head or torso. Nine of the ten killed had wounds consistent with the ammunition used in the IMI Galil service rifle used by the army.
On 9 January 2023, Peruvian National Police shot at protesters in Juliaca during the 2022–2023 Peruvian political protests against President Dina Boluarte, resulting in a massacre. At least 18 people, including a medic responding to the scene, were killed and over 100 others were injured by police responding to protests in the city, with all of the deaths being attributed to gunshot wounds. The massacre was the deadliest day during the series of protests in Peru. Local media criticized the response of national media, saying that events in Juliaca were overlooked. The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights would describe the event, along with the similar killings in Ayacucho, as a massacre.