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The Big Dig was a megaproject in Boston that rerouted the then elevated Central Artery of Interstate 93 that cut across Boston into the O'Neill Tunnel and built the Ted Williams Tunnel to extend Interstate 90 to Logan International Airport. Those two projects were the origin of the official name, the Central Artery/Tunnel Project. Additionally, the project constructed the Zakim Bunker Hill Bridge over the Charles River, created the Rose Kennedy Greenway in the space vacated by the previous I-93 elevated roadway, and funded more than a dozen projects to improve the region's public transportation system. Planning for the project began in 1982; the construction work was carried out between 1991 and 2006; and the project concluded on December 31, 2007. The project's general contractor was Bechtel and Parsons Brinckerhoff was the engineer, who worked as a consortium, both overseen by the Massachusetts Highway Department.
The Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways, commonly known as the Interstate Highway System, or the Eisenhower Interstate System, is a network of controlled-access highways that forms part of the National Highway System in the United States. The system extends throughout the contiguous United States and has routes in Hawaii, Alaska, and Puerto Rico.
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The President George Bush Turnpike (PGBT) is a 52-mile (84 km) controlled-access toll road running through the northern, northeastern and western suburbs, forming a partial loop around Dallas, Texas, United States. It is named for the late George H. W. Bush, the 41st president of the United States. At its west end near Belt Line Road in Irving, State Highway 161 continues southwest to Interstate 20 (I-20) in Grand Prairie. The discontinuous free frontage roads along the turnpike from I-35E in Carrollton east to its end at I-30 in Garland are assigned the State Highway 190 designation. SH 190 signage appears only along the Rowlett, Garland, Richardson, Plano, and Carrollton sections of the frontage road with the undersign "frontage road only". At intersections with city streets, only the Bush Turnpike signs are displayed, not the SH 190 signage. Prior to the construction of the main lanes as a tollway, SH 190 was used as the name of the planned main lanes too. Similarly, the part west of I-35E was planned as part of SH 161. Bush Turnpike is signed as a north–south road from I-20 to I-35E, an east–west road from I-35E to the Merritt Main Lane Gantry and as a north–south road from the Merritt Main Lane Gantry to I-30, as Bush Turnpike makes a nearly 90-degree curve in both places.
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The Thomas P. "Tip" O'Neill Jr. Tunnel is a highway tunnel built as part of the Big Dig in Boston, Massachusetts. It carries the Central Artery underneath downtown Boston, and is numbered as Interstate 93 (I-93), U.S. Route 1 (US 1), and Route 3. It roughly follows the route of the old elevated Central Artery, though the northbound entrance, at the corner of Kneeland Street and Atlantic Avenue, is somewhat east of the southbound exit to allow for a reconfigured interchange with the Massachusetts Turnpike. It runs from the Zakim Bunker Hill Bridge at its north portal—barely 165 feet (50 m) east of the TD Garden sports facility's eastern corner—to Boston's Chinatown at its south portal. The tunnel is named for Tip O'Neill, former Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, whose constituency included several of the surrounding communities in Metro Boston.
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Interstate 77 (I-77) in the US state of West Virginia is a major north–south Interstate Highway. It extends for 187.21 miles (301.29 km) between Bluefield at the Virginia state line and Williamstown at the Ohio state line.
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There are approximately 25 current toll roads in the state of Texas. Toll roads are more common in Texas than in many other U.S. states, since the relatively low revenues from the state's gasoline tax limits highway planners' means to fund the construction and operation of highways.
Megaprojects and Risk: An Anatomy of Ambition is a 2003 book by Bent Flyvbjerg, Nils Bruzelius, and Werner Rothengatter, published by Cambridge University Press. According to chief economist and director of transportation policy at Infrastructure Management Group, Inc., Porter K. Wheeler, "this book makes an important contribution to understanding the infrastructure development process worldwide, with focus on megaprojects." The New Scientist wrote upon publication, "Love them or loathe them, megaprojects capture the imagination. [This] damning analysis concentrates on a series of financial nightmares that should bring even the most casual reader out in a sweat."
References
- ↑ Central Artery/Tunnel Project Website Archived 2007-10-12 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ "Boston's 'Big Dig' finally opens to public - US news - NBC News". NBC News.
- ↑ https://wsdot.wa.gov/construction-planning/major-projects/i-5-sr-16-tacomapierce-county-hov-program
- ↑ Jaffe, Eric (2015-10-13). "From $250 Million to $6.5 Billion: The Bay Bridge Cost Overrun". CityLab. Archived from the original on 2017-09-28. Retrieved 2017-09-28.
- ↑ Turnpike panel says high costs imperil Mon-Fayette, Southern Beltway projects, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, April 27, 2007
- ↑ Louisville Bridges Cost Now $4.1 Billion, The Urbanophile, October 6, 2007
- ↑ HRBT Expansion website
- ↑ Federal Highway Administration, Central Texas Turnpike Fact Sheet
- ↑ "So what is the capacity of the Katy Freeway these days?".
- ↑ "FHWA Office of Innovative Program Delivery: Project Profiles". Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2015-09-18.
- ↑ Maryland Department of Transportation ICC Website
- ↑ Woodrow Wilson Bridge Replacement Website Archived 2007-10-15 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Tracy, Dan (17 February 2015). "I-4 Ultimate overhaul gets ceremonial start". Orlando Sentinel. Retrieved 18 February 2015.
- ↑ "INDOT I-69: I-69".
- ↑ "Frequently Asked Questions". Wekiva Parkway. Florida Department of Transportation & Central Florida Expressway Authority. Retrieved 18 February 2015.
- ↑ COG panel OK with $498M spike in Q bridge cost, New Haven Register, August 9, 2007 [ permanent dead link ]
- ↑ "Final leg of E-470 nears completion". Denver Business Journal.
- ↑ Webber, Melvin (1976). "The BART experience: what have we learned?" (PDF): 93. Retrieved 31 May 2016.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help)[ permanent dead link ] - ↑ "Frequently Asked Questions about the Transcontinental Railroad".
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