The Lord of Milan was a medieval noble title for the dynastic head of state of the city of Milan and surrounding countryside in northern Italy. From 1277 to 1395, Visconti of Milan family held the title, after which they were elevated to Duke of Milan.
Until 1259, Milan was a free commune that elected its own podestà . The Torriani family gained sustained power in 1240, when Pagano della Torre was elected podestà. [1] After Pagano's death, Baldo Ghiringhelli was elected podestà in 1259, but at the end of his tenure Martino della Torre, Pagano's nephew, perpetrated a coup d'état, seizing of power of his family over the commune, establishing the first Signoria (Italian for "Lordship") of Milan. [2]
Signore | Rule | Affiliation | Podestà(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Martino della Torre | 8 September 1259 | 20 November 1263 | Guelph | Captain general: List
|
Filippo della Torre | 20 November 1263 | 24 December 1265 | Guelph | List
|
Napoleone della Torre | 24 December 1265 | 21 January 1277 | Guelph | List
|
During their tenure, the Torriani family, aligned with French Charles of Anjou, started a strong rivality with Visconti family, loyal to the German Hohenstaufen. [3] In 1262, Pope Urban IV appointed Ottone Visconti as Archbishop of Milan, to Martino della Torre's disappointment. [4] In 1273, a civil war started between the two families, ended with Torriani's defeat in the Battle of Desio of 1277. [5]
Signore | Rule | Affiliation | Podestà(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ottone Visconti | 21 January 1277 | 8 August 1295 | Ghibelline | Captain general:
List
|
Matteo I Visconti | 8 August 1295 | June 1302 | Ghibelline | List
|
On June 1302, Guido della Torre forged a coalition with anti-Visconti cities and marched on Milan, deposing Visconti. [6] However, in 1308 Guido started a quarrel with his cousin, the Archbishop Cassone della Torre. After an assault on Milan Cathedral, Cassone fled to Bologna and solicited an imperial intervention. [7] Taking advantage of a chaotic situation in Northern Italy, King Henry VII of Germany descended into Italy with an army, and in Autumn 1310 he marched on Milan to restore both Cassone and the Visconti. After the fall of Milan, he was crowned King of Italy in the city's Cathedral. [8]
Signore | Rule | Affiliation | Podestà(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Guido della Torre | June 1302 | 6 January 1311 | Guelph | List
|
Matteo I Visconti | 6 January 1311 | 24 June 1322 | Ghibelline | List
|
Galeazzo I Visconti | 24 June 1322 | 6 August 1328 | Ghibelline | List
|
Azzone Visconti | 6 August 1328 | 16 August 1339 | Ghibelline | List
|
Luchino Visconti | 16 August 1339 | 24 January 1349 | Ghibelline | List
|
Giovanni Visconti | 5 October 1354 | |||
Matteo II Visconti | 5 October 1354 | 29 September 1355 | Ghibelline | List
|
Galeazzo II Visconti | 4 August 1378 | |||
Bernabò Visconti | 6 May 1385 | |||
Gian Galeazzo Visconti | 6 May 1385 | 5 September 1395 | Ghibelline | List
|
The Visconti of Milan are a noble Italian family. They rose to power in Milan during the Middle Ages where they ruled from 1277 to 1447, initially as Lords then as Dukes, and several collateral branches still exist. The effective founder of the Visconti Lordship of Milan was the Archbishop Ottone, who wrested control of the city from the rival Della Torre family in 1277.
The Archdiocese of Milan is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Italy which covers the areas of Milan, Monza, Lecco and Varese. It has long maintained its own Latin liturgical rite usage, the Ambrosian rite, which is still used in the greater part of the diocesan territory. Among its past archbishops, the better known are Ambrose, Charles Borromeo, Pope Pius XI and Pope Paul VI.
The Bentivoglio family was an Italian noble family that became the de facto rulers of Bologna and responsible for giving the city its political autonomy during the Renaissance, although their rule did not survive a century.
Martino della Torre was an Italian condottiero and statesman.
Ottone Visconti was Archbishop of Milan and Lord of Milan, the first of the Visconti line. Under his rule, the commune of Milan became a strong Ghibelline city and one of the Holy Roman Empire's seats in Italy.
The House of Della Torre were an Italian noble family who rose to prominence in Lombardy during the 12th–14th centuries, until they held the lordship of Milan before being ousted by the Visconti.
The Diocese of Como is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or diocese of the Catholic Church in northern Italy. It was established in the Fourth Century. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Milan. The Bishop of Como's cathedra is in the Como Cathedral.
Milan, Italy is an ancient city in northern Italy first settled under the name Medhelanon in about 590 BC by a Celtic tribe belonging to the Insubres group and belonging to the Golasecca culture. The settlement was conquered by the Romans in 222 BC and renamed it Mediolanum. Diocletian divided the Roman Empire, choosing the eastern half for himself, making Milan the seat of the western half of the empire, from which Maximian ruled, in the late 3rd and early 4th century AD. In 313 AD Emperors Constantine and Licinius issued the Edict of Milan, which officially ended the persecution of Christians. In 774 AD, Milan surrendered to Charlemagne and the Franks.
The Battle of Desio was fought on 21 January 1277 between the Della Torre and Visconti families for the control of Milan and its countryside. The battlefield is located near the modern Desio, a commune outside the city in Lombardy, Northern Italy.
Napoleone della Torre, also known as Napo della Torre or Napo Torriani, was an Italian nobleman, who was effective Lord of Milan in the late 13th century. He was a member of the della Torre family, the father of Corrado della Torre and the brother of Raimondo della Torre.
Guido della Torre was a Lord of Milan between 1302 and 1312.
Bonacossa Borri, also known as Bonaca, or Bonaccossi Bonacosta (1254–1321), was Lady of Milan by marriage from 1269 to 1321.
Matteo I Visconti (1250–1322) was the second of the Milanese Visconti family to govern Milan. Matteo was born to Teobaldo Visconti and Anastasia Pirovano.
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Milan, Italy.
Corrado della Torre, also called Mosca was an Italian medieval politician and condottiero, a member of the Torriani family.
Cassone della Torre, also called Mosca was an Italian medieval condottiero and feudal lord. A member of the Torriani family, he was Archbishop of Milan from 1308 to 1316 and patriarch of Aquileia from 1317 to 1318.
Pagano della Torre was Patriarch of Aquileia from 1319 until 1332. Another with the same name, Pagano I della Torre, was a Guelph military leader and lord of the Valchiavenna during the first half of the 13th century. Among his grandchildren were Martino, Napoleone, Guido, and Filippo della Torre, all involved in regional conflicts of Lombardy.
Saint Ambrose faith was an assembly of the free commune of Milan and, later, of the Lordship of Milan, named after its patron saint.
An uprising of the Guelph faction in Milan led by Guido della Torre on 12 February 1311 was crushed by the troops of King Henry VII on the same day.
The Arese are a prominent family of the Milanese nobility.
{{cite book}}
: |work=
ignored (help){{cite book}}
: |work=
ignored (help){{cite book}}
: |work=
ignored (help)