Lordship of Franckenstein

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Lordship of Franckenstein
Herrschaft Frankenstein
13th century—1662
Arms of the house of Frankenstein (1).svg
Coat of arms
Herrschaft Franckenstein.png
Location of the Lordship in the Hesse region
Status State of the Holy Roman Empire
Capital Frankenstein Castle
Common languages Hessian
Religion
Roman Catholic
GovernmentFeudal Lordship
Historical era Late medieval
 Established
13th century
 Disestablished
1662
Succeeded by
Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt Arms of the house of Hesse-Darmstadt.svg
Breuberg main castle and gate building Burg Breuberg05.jpg
Breuberg main castle and gate building

The Lordship of Franckenstein was a historical territory in the northern Odenwald. It originated around 1230 from the possessions of the Breuberg, whose center was Frankenstein Castle. Konrad II of Breuberg and his wife Elisabeth of Weiterstadt called themselves Frankenstein after having build the castle henceforth. The dominion remained as condominium in the possession of the family until the year 1662. After the sale by the Frankensteis to Landgrave Louis VI, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt, it came into the possession of Hesse-Darmstadt.

Contents

History

Breuberg

Ruins of Frankenstein Castle InnerCastle.jpg
Ruins of Frankenstein Castle

Franckenstein

Ludovic of Luetzelbach was the ancestor of the House of Frankenstein and is mentioned in documents for the first time in 1115. [1]

The latter's grandson Konrad I and his descendants built the eponymous Breuberg Castle around 1200 and subsequently called themselves Breuberg. Through the marriage of his son Eberhard I Reiz of Breuberg with Mechtild (Elisabeth?), one of the five heir daughters of the bailiff Gerlach II of Büdingen in 1239, the Lords of Breuberg could increase their power, property and interests into the Wetterau, where the Breubergs Arrois, Konrad, Gerlach and Eberhard III successively held the office of imperial bailiff of the Wetterau.

Konrad II Reiz of Breuberg -later Konrad I of Frankenstein- built the ancestral castle of the dynasty probably around 1240, [2] named himself after the castle from then on and thus became the founder of the Lordship of Frankenstein.

Territory

The domain of the Frankensteins included possessions in Nieder-Beerbach, Eberstadt, Ockstadt (with Ockstadt Castle) near Friedberg and the Hessisches Ried. Under Frankenstein overlordship (suzerain) were Eberstadt (today to Darmstadt), Nieder-Beerbach (today to Mühltal), Ober-Beerbach (today Seeheim-Jugenheim), Schmal-Beerbach (today to Lautertal), Stettbach today to Seeheim-Jugenheim), Allertshofen (today Modautal), Bobstadt, Ockstadt as well as parts of Weiterstadt. [3] In addition, the Frankensteins held further property and lordly rights as Burgraves in Zwingenberg (Schloss Auerbach), Darmstadt, Groß-Gerau (Dornberg Castle), Bensheim and finally Frankfurt am Main, which are still commemorated by Frankensteiner Place and Frankensteiner Street in the Sachsenhausen district.

The dominion in the northern Odenwald was with the beginning of documentary tradition in 1252 [4] probably already formed. From the wording of the document "super castro in frangenstein" ("at the castle in Frankenstein"), however, it is clear that the castle was already built and used at that time. The exact time of origin is uncertain; conjectures go back to Frankish period.

Condominium

In the course of the 14th century, the Frankenstein dynasty split into two lines. They then divided the castle according to a meticulously described castle contract of 1363. Nevertheless, constant legal disputes between the two lines were the result. [2]

Around the year 1400, the influence of the Frankensteins increased. The castle, which had become too small, was massively extended and modernised around the outer castle. In 1402, the castle, together with Nieder-Beerbach, became an Imperial estate.

Literature

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References

  1. Neues allgemeines Deutsches Adels - Lexicon im Vereine mit mehreren Historikern herausgegeben von Prof. Dr. Ernst Heinrich Kpeschke. Dritter Band, Seite 321. Leipzig, Verlag von Friedrich Voigt. 1861.
  2. 1 2 http://www.eberstadt-frankenstein.de/content/014a_herrschaft_frankenstein_lat.pdf Battenberg, Friedrich: "Burg und Herrschaft Frankenstein in vormoderner Zeit, Vortrag beim Festakt zur 750-Jahrfeier der urkundlichen Erstenwähnung der Burg Frankenstein vom 16. August 2002"
  3. According to the publication of the historical society Eberstadt-Frankenstein e.V.
  4. Wolfgang Weißgerber: Die Herren von Frankenstein und ihre Frauen: Landschaften, Personen, Geschichten, Darmstadt-Eberstadt, Schlapp 2002; ISBN 3-87704-050-0.