Lynette Cegelski

Last updated
Lynette Cegelski
NationalityAmerican
Alma mater SUNY Binghamton
Washington University in St. Louis
Known for Bacterial cell wall
Biofilms
Awards PECASE
Burroughs Wellcome Career Award at the Scientific Interface
NIH Director's New Innovator Award
NSF CAREER Award
Scientific career
Fields Physical Chemistry
Chemical Biology
Website https://www.cegelskilab.com/

Lynette Cegelski is an American physical chemist and chemical biologist who studies extracellular structures such as biofilms and membrane proteins. She is an associate professor of chemistry and, by courtesy, of chemical engineering at Stanford University. [1] She is a Stanford Bio-X and Stanford ChEM-H affiliated faculty member. [2] [3]

Contents

Education

Cegelski studied chemistry at SUNY Binghamton in New York and graduated summa cum laude and a member of Phi Beta Kappa in 1998. [2] [4] She then worked in the lab of Jacob Schaefer at Washington University in St. Louis (WUSTL), earning a PhD in Biophysical Chemistry in 2004. [1] [5] [6] Her post-doctoral work was in Molecular Microbiology at the Washington University School of Medicine. [1]

Research

The Cegelski Lab investigates the structure and function of bacterial cell walls and extracellular structures, including amyloid fibers and biofilms. [1]

Key Publications

Cegelski has authored or co-authored multiple publications that have been cited 100 or more times. As of January 2021, these include:

Awards

Cegelski's work has earned her several awards:

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Biofilm</span> Aggregation of bacteria or cells on a surface

A biofilm is a syntrophic community of microorganisms in which cells stick to each other and often also to a surface. These adherent cells become embedded within a slimy extracellular matrix that is composed of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs). The cells within the biofilm produce the EPS components, which are typically a polymeric combination of extracellular polysaccharides, proteins, lipids and DNA. Because they have a three-dimensional structure and represent a community lifestyle for microorganisms, they have been metaphorically described as "cities for microbes".

In biology, quorum sensing or quorum signaling (QS) is the process of cell to cell communication which allows bacteria the ability to detect and respond to cell population density by gene regulation, typically as a means of acclimating to environmental disadvantages.

A slime layer in bacteria is an easily removable, unorganized layer of extracellular material that surrounds bacteria cells. Specifically, this consists mostly of exopolysaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids. Therefore, the slime layer is considered as a subset of glycocalyx.

<i>Geobacter</i> Genus of anaerobic bacteria found in soil

Geobacter is a genus of bacteria. Geobacter species are anaerobic respiration bacterial species which have capabilities that make them useful in bioremediation. Geobacter was found to be the first organism with the ability to oxidize organic compounds and metals, including iron, radioactive metals, and petroleum compounds into environmentally benign carbon dioxide while using iron oxide or other available metals as electron acceptors. Geobacter species are also found to be able to respire upon a graphite electrode. They have been found in anaerobic conditions in soils and aquatic sediment.

<i>Streptococcus mutans</i> Species of bacterium

Streptococcus mutans is a facultatively anaerobic, gram-positive coccus commonly found in the human oral cavity and is a significant contributor to tooth decay. It is part of the "streptococci", an informal general name for all species in the genus Streptococcus. The microbe was first described by James Kilian Clarke in 1924.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Efflux pump</span> Protein complexes that move compounds, generally toxic, out of bacterial cells

An efflux pump is an active transporter in cells that moves out unwanted material. Efflux pumps are an important component in bacteria in their ability to remove antibiotics. The efflux could also be the movement of heavy metals, organic pollutants, plant-produced compounds, quorum sensing signals, bacterial metabolites and neurotransmitters. All microorganisms, with a few exceptions, have highly conserved DNA sequences in their genome that encode efflux pumps. Efflux pumps actively move substances out of a microorganism, in a process known as active efflux, which is a vital part of xenobiotic metabolism. This active efflux mechanism is responsible for various types of resistance to bacterial pathogens within bacterial species - the most concerning being antibiotic resistance because microorganisms can have adapted efflux pumps to divert toxins out of the cytoplasm and into extracellular media.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Glycoside hydrolase</span> Class of enzymes which break glycosidic bonds via hydrolysis

In biochemistry, glycoside hydrolases are a class of enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds in complex sugars. They are extremely common enzymes, with roles in nature including degradation of biomass such as cellulose (cellulase), hemicellulose, and starch (amylase), in anti-bacterial defense strategies, in pathogenesis mechanisms and in normal cellular function. Together with glycosyltransferases, glycosidases form the major catalytic machinery for the synthesis and breakage of glycosidic bonds.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Oritavancin</span> Pharmaceutical drug

Oritavancin, sold under the brand name Orbactiv among others, is a semisynthetic glycopeptide antibiotic medication for the treatment of serious Gram-positive bacterial infections. Its chemical structure as a lipoglycopeptide is similar to vancomycin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Extracellular polymeric substance</span> Gluey polymers secreted by microorganisms to form biofilms

Extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) are natural polymers of high molecular weight secreted by microorganisms into their environment. EPSs establish the functional and structural integrity of biofilms, and are considered the fundamental component that determines the physicochemical properties of a biofilm. EPS in the matrix of biofilms provides compositional support and protection of microbial communities from the harsh environments. Components of EPS can be of different classes of polysaccharides, lipids, nucleic acids, proteins, lipopolysaccharides, and minerals. This chemical formula is (C135H217N15Na2O74P10).

<i>Shewanella oneidensis</i> Species of bacterium

Shewanella oneidensis is a bacterium notable for its ability to reduce metal ions and live in environments with or without oxygen. This proteobacterium was first isolated from Lake Oneida, NY in 1988, hence its name.

Roberto Kolter is Professor of Microbiology, Emeritus at Harvard Medical School, an author, and past president of the American Society for Microbiology. Kolter has been a professor at Harvard Medical School since 1983 and was Co-director of Harvard's Microbial Sciences Initiative from 2003-2018. During the 35-year term of the Kolter laboratory from 1983 to 2018, more than 130 graduate student and postdoctoral trainees explored an eclectic mix of topics gravitating around the study of microbes. Kolter is a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and of the American Academy of Microbiology.

Everett Peter Greenberg is an American microbiologist. He is the inaugural Eugene and Martha Nester Professor of Microbiology at the Department of Microbiology of the University of Washington School of Medicine. He is best known for his research on quorum sensing, and has received multiple awards for his work.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Curli</span> A proteinaceous extracellular fiber produced by enteric bacteria

The Curli protein is a type of amyloid fiber produced by certain strains of enterobacteria. They are extracellular fibers located on bacteria such as E. coli and Salmonella spp. These fibers serve to promote cell community behavior through biofilm formation in the extracellular matrix. Amyloids are associated with several human neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, and prion diseases. The study of curli may help to understand human diseases thought to arise from improper amyloid fiber formation. The curli pili are generally assembled through the extracellular nucleation precipitation pathway.

Joyoti Basu is an Indian biochemist, cell biologist and a senior professor at the Bose Institute. Known for her studies on the membrane structure of red blood cells, Basu is an elected fellow of all three major Indian science academies, namely the National Academy of Sciences, India, the Indian Academy of Sciences and the Indian National Science Academy, as well as the Indian Society for Chemical Biology. The Department of Biotechnology of the Government of India awarded her the National Bioscience Award for Career Development, one of the highest Indian science awards, for her contributions to biosciences in 2002.

Komagataeibacter xylinus is a species of bacteria best known for its ability to produce cellulose, specifically bacterial cellulose.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cassandra Quave</span> American ethnobotanist, herbarium curator

Cassandra Leah Quave is an American ethnobotanist, herbarium curator, and associate professor at Emory University. Her research focuses on analyzing natural, plant-based medicine of indigenous cultures to help combat infectious disease and antibiotic resistance. In particular, she studies bacterial biofilm inhibition and quorum-sensing inhibition of botanical extracts for inflammatory skin conditions.

Ashwani Kumar is an Indian microbiologist and the Senior Principal Scientist at the Institute of Microbial Technology (ImTech). He is known for his studies on Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis. His laboratory focuses on understanding the reasons for drug tolerance observed in humans. His laboratory hypothesizes that tuberculosis is a biofilm infection, so its treatment needs the administration of multiple drugs for at least six months. The Department of Science and Technology has awarded him Swarnajayanti Fellowship for 2016–2017. Department of Biotechnology has awarded him the National Bioscience Prize (2017-18). He was also selected for DBT/Wellcome Trust India Alliance Senior Fellowship. He was elected as a Fellow of the National Academy of Sciences, India, in 2022. For his contributions in tuberculosis pathogenesis, he was awarded with Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology 2022. He is considered as one of India's Leading Scientist in the field of Tuberculosis and his lab is doing some of the best research in India.

Karine Gibbs is a Jamaican American microbiologist and immunologist and an associate professor in the Department of Plant and Microbial Biology at the University of California, Berkeley. Gibbs’ research merges the fields of sociomicrobiology and bacterial cell biology to explore how the bacterial pathogen Proteus mirabilis, a common gut bacterium which can become pathogenic and cause urinary tract infections, identifies self versus non-self. In 2013, Gibbs and her team were the first to sequence the genome of P. mirabilis BB2000, the model organism for studying self-recognition. In graduate school at Stanford University, Gibbs helped to pioneer the design of a novel tool that allowed for visualization of the movement of bacterial membrane proteins in real time. In 2020, Gibbs was recognized by Cell Press as one of the top 100 Inspiring Black Scientists in America.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alain Filloux</span> French microbiologist

Alain Ange-Marie Filloux is a French/British microbiologist who is a Professor of Molecular Microbiology at Imperial College London. His research looks at the chronic infection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a Gram-negative bacterium that causes nosocomial infections in people who are immunocompromised and a deadly threat for cystic fibrosis patients.

Elizabeth M. Boon is an American biochemist who is a professor and associate dean of the graduate school at Stony Brook University. She is known for her research on the biochemical mechanisms used by bacteria to regulate biofilm formation.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Lynette Cegelski | Department of Chemistry". chemistry.stanford.edu. Retrieved 2021-01-24.
  2. 1 2 University, © Stanford; Stanford; California 94305 (2014-03-12). "Lynette Cegelski - Associate Professor of Chemistry". Welcome to Bio-X. Retrieved 2021-01-24.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  3. "Lynette Cegelski | ChEM-H". chemh.stanford.edu. Retrieved 2021-01-24.
  4. "PHI BETA KAPPA QUALIFIED LIST 1997". people.math.binghamton.edu. Retrieved 2021-01-24.
  5. "Chemistry Tree - Lynette S. Cegelski". academictree.org. Retrieved 2021-01-24.
  6. "Past Graduate Students | Jacob Schaefer Research Group | Washington University in St. Louis". sites.wustl.edu. Retrieved 2021-01-24.
  7. Cegelski, Lynette; Marshall, Garland R.; Eldridge, Gary R.; Hultgren, Scott J. (Nov 2009). "Erratum: The biology and future prospects of antivirulence therapies". Nature Reviews Microbiology. 7 (11): 836. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro2244 . ISSN   1740-1526.
  8. Justice, Sheryl S.; Hunstad, David A.; Cegelski, Lynette; Hultgren, Scott J. (Feb 2008). "Morphological plasticity as a bacterial survival strategy". Nature Reviews Microbiology. 6 (2): 162–168. doi:10.1038/nrmicro1820. ISSN   1740-1526. PMID   18157153. S2CID   7247384.
  9. Cegelski, Lynette; Pinkner, Jerome S; Hammer, Neal D; Cusumano, Corinne K; Hung, Chia S; Chorell, Erik; Åberg, Veronica; Walker, Jennifer N; Seed, Patrick C; Almqvist, Fredrik; Chapman, Matthew R (2009-10-25). "Small-molecule inhibitors target Escherichia coli amyloid biogenesis and biofilm formation". Nature Chemical Biology. 5 (12): 913–919. doi:10.1038/nchembio.242. ISSN   1552-4450. PMC   2838449 . PMID   19915538.
  10. Li, Yankun; Poliks, Barbara; Cegelski, Lynette; Poliks, Mark; Gryczynski, Zygmunt; Piszczek, Grzegorz; Jagtap, Prakash G.; Studelska, Daniel R.; Kingston, David G. I.; Schaefer, Jacob; Bane, Susan (Jan 2000). "Conformation of Microtubule-Bound Paclitaxel Determined by Fluorescence Spectroscopy and REDOR NMR †". Biochemistry. 39 (2): 281–291. doi:10.1021/bi991936r. ISSN   0006-2960. PMID   10630987.
  11. Kim, Sung Joon; Cegelski, Lynette; Stueber, Dirk; Singh, Manmilan; Dietrich, Evelyne; Tanaka, Kelly S.E.; Parr, Thomas R.; Far, Adel Rafai; Schaefer, Jacob (Mar 2008). "Oritavancin Exhibits Dual Mode of Action to Inhibit Cell-Wall Biosynthesis in Staphylococcus aureus". Journal of Molecular Biology. 377 (1): 281–293. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2008.01.031. ISSN   0022-2836. PMC   2276640 . PMID   18258256.
  12. Chen, Zhixing; Mercer, Jaron A. M.; Zhu, Xiaolei; Romaniuk, Joseph A. H.; Pfattner, Raphael; Cegelski, Lynette; Martinez, Todd J.; Burns, Noah Z.; Xia, Yan (2017-08-04). "Mechanochemical unzipping of insulating polyladderene to semiconducting polyacetylene". Science. 357 (6350): 475–479. Bibcode:2017Sci...357..475C. doi: 10.1126/science.aan2797 . ISSN   0036-8075. PMID   28774923.
  13. Thongsomboon, Wiriya; Serra, Diego O.; Possling, Alexandra; Hadjineophytou, Chris; Hengge, Regine; Cegelski, Lynette (2018-01-19). "Phosphoethanolamine cellulose: A naturally produced chemically modified cellulose". Science. 359 (6373): 334–338. Bibcode:2018Sci...359..334T. doi: 10.1126/science.aao4096 . ISSN   0036-8075. PMID   29348238.
  14. "Twelve from Stanford honored with the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers | Department of Chemistry". chemistry.stanford.edu. 5 July 2019. Retrieved 2021-01-24.
  15. "2012 Annual Report" (PDF). Burroughs Wellcome Fund. Retrieved 2021-01-24.
  16. "NIH Director's New Innovator Award - Funded Research". commonfund.nih.gov. 26 June 2013. Retrieved 2021-01-24.
  17. "NSF Award Search: Award#1453247 - CAREER: Form and Function of Bacterial Amyloid Fibers". www.nsf.gov. Retrieved 2021-01-24.