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Manisha Sinha | |
|---|---|
| Parent | Srinivas Kumar Sinha |
| Academic background | |
| Alma mater | Columbia University |
| Academic work | |
| Discipline | History |
| Sub-discipline | Reconstruction |
| Institutions | University of Massachusetts,Amherst University of Connecticut |
Manisha Sinha is an Indian-born American historian,and the Draper Chair in American History at the University of Connecticut. [1] She is the author of The Slave's Cause:A History of Abolition (2016),which won the Frederick Douglass Book Prize. [2]
Her father was Srinivas Kumar Sinha,an Indian Army general. [3] She received her PhD from Columbia University where her dissertation was nominated for the Bancroft Prize.
Sinha's research focuses on early United States history,especially the transnational histories of slavery and abolition and the history of the Civil War and Reconstruction. Sinha is the author of The Counterrevolution of Slavery:Politics and Ideology in Antebellum South Carolina (2000), [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] which was named one of the ten best books on slavery in Politico in 2015. [9] Sinha is also a contributing author of The Abolitionist Imagination (Harvard University Press,2012),and co-editor of African American Mosaic:A Documentary History from the African Slave Trade to the Twenty First Century (Prentice Hall,2004) and Contested Democracy:Freedom,Race and Power in American History (Columbia University Press,2007).
She was awarded the Chancellor's Medal,the highest honor bestowed on faculty,and received the Distinguished Graduate Mentor Award in Recognition of Outstanding Graduate Teaching and Advising at the University of Massachusetts,Amherst,where she taught for over twenty years. She was elected member of the American Antiquarian Society,and was appointed to the Organization of American Historians' Distinguished Lecture Series.
Sinha has received two year-long research fellowships from the National Endowment for the Humanities,fellowships from the Charles Warren Center and the W.E.B. Du Bois Institute at Harvard University,the Howard Foundation fellowship at Brown University,and the Rockefeller Post-Doctoral fellowship from the Institute of the Arts and Humanities at the University of North Carolina,Chapel Hill. In 2022,she was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship. [10] [11]
She is a member of the Council of Advisors for the Lapidus Center for the Historical Analysis of Transatlantic Slavery at the Schomburg Center,New York Public Library,co-editor of the "Race and the Atlantic World,1700–1900",series of the University of Georgia Press,and is on the editorial board of the Journal of the Civil War Era.
Abolitionism, or the abolitionist movement, is the movement to end slavery and liberate slaves around the world.
The legal institution of human chattel slavery, comprising the enslavement primarily of Africans and African Americans, was prevalent in the United States of America from its founding in 1776 until 1865, predominantly in the South. Slavery was established throughout European colonization in the Americas. From 1526, during the early colonial period, it was practiced in what became Britain's colonies, including the Thirteen Colonies that formed the United States. Under the law, an enslaved person was treated as property that could be bought, sold, or given away. Slavery lasted in about half of U.S. states until abolition in 1865, and issues concerning slavery seeped into every aspect of national politics, economics, and social custom. In the decades after the end of Reconstruction in 1877, many of slavery's economic and social functions were continued through segregation, sharecropping, and convict leasing.
In American political discourse, states' rights are political powers held for the state governments rather than the federal government according to the United States Constitution, reflecting especially the enumerated powers of Congress and the Tenth Amendment. The enumerated powers that are listed in the Constitution include exclusive federal powers, as well as concurrent powers that are shared with the states, and all of those powers are contrasted with the reserved powers—also called states' rights—that only the states possess.
A consensus of historians who address the origins of the American Civil War agree that the preservation of the institution of slavery was the principal aim of the eleven Southern states that declared their secession from the United States and united to form the Confederate States of America. However, while historians in the 21st century agree on the centrality of slavery in the conflict, they disagree sharply on which aspects of this conflict were most important, and on the North's reasons for refusing to allow the Southern states to secede. Proponents of the pseudo-historical Lost Cause ideology have denied that slavery was the principal cause of the secession, a view that has been disproven by the overwhelming historical evidence against it, notably the seceding states' own secession documents.
The Lost Cause of the Confederacy is an American pseudohistorical and historical negationist myth that claims the cause of the Confederate States during the American Civil War was just, heroic, and not centered on slavery. First enunciated in 1866, it has continued to influence racism, gender roles, and religious attitudes in the Southern United States into the 21st century. Historians have dismantled many parts of the Lost Cause mythos.
The Antebellum South era was a period in the history of the Southern United States that extended from the conclusion of the War of 1812 to the start of the American Civil War in 1861. This era was marked by the prevalent practice of slavery and the associated societal norms it cultivated. Over the course of this period, Southern leaders underwent a transformation in their perspective on slavery. Initially regarded as an awkward and temporary institution, it gradually evolved into a defended concept, with proponents arguing for its positive merits, while simultaneously vehemently opposing the burgeoning abolitionist movement.
James Chesnut Jr. was an American lawyer and politician, and a Confederate functionary.
James Henry Hammond was an American attorney, politician, and planter. He served as a United States representative from 1835 to 1836, the 60th Governor of South Carolina from 1842 to 1844, and a United States senator from 1857 to 1860. A slave owner, he is considered one of the strongest supporters of slavery in the years before the American Civil War.
Barbara Jeanne Fields is an American historian. She is a professor of American history at Columbia University. Her focus is on the history of the American South, 19th century social history, and the transition to capitalism in the United States.
David Brion Davis was an American intellectual and cultural historian, and a leading authority on slavery and abolition in the Western world. He was a Sterling Professor of History at Yale University, and founder and director of Yale's Gilder Lehrman Center for the Study of Slavery, Resistance, and Abolition.
South Carolina was the first state to secede from the Union in December 1860, and was one of the founding member states of the Confederacy in February 1861. The bombardment of the beleaguered U.S. garrison at Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor on April 12, 1861, is generally recognized as the first military engagement of the war. The retaking of Charleston in February 1865, and raising the flag again at Fort Sumter, was used for the Union symbol of victory.
James Henley Thornwell was an American Presbyterian preacher, slaveowner, and religious writer from the U.S. state of South Carolina during the 19th century. During the American Civil War, Thornwell supported the Confederacy and preached a doctrine that claimed slavery to be morally right and justified by the tenets of Christianity. But contrary to many proponents of slavery, he preached that the African American population were people created in the image of God just like whites and that they should call slaves their brothers. He became prominent in the Old School Presbyterian denomination in the south, preaching and writing on theological and social issues. He taught at South Carolina College, eventually served as its president, and went on to teach at Columbia Theological Seminary. He was a contemporary of Charles Hodge and represented the southern branch of the Presbyterian church in debates on ecclesiology with Hodge.
Proslavery is support for slavery. It is sometimes found in the thought of ancient philosophers, religious texts, and in American and British writings especially before the American Civil War but also later through the 20th century. Arguments in favor of slavery include deference to the Bible and thus to God, some people being natural slaves in need of supervision, slaves often being better off than the poorest non-slaves, practical social benefit for the society as a whole, and slavery being a time-proven practice by multiple great civilizations.
Walter Johnson is an American historian, and a professor of History and of African and African-American Studies at Harvard University, where he previously (2014-2020) directed the Charles Warren Center for Studies in American History.
In the United States, abolitionism, the movement that sought to end slavery in the country, was active from the colonial era until the American Civil War, the end of which brought about the abolition of American slavery, except as punishment for a crime, through the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
Mrinalini Sinha is the Alice Freeman Palmer Professor in the Department of History and Professor in the Departments of English and Women's Studies of the University of Michigan. She writes on various aspects of the political history of colonial India, with a focus on anti-colonialism and on gender. She was the president of the Association for Asian Studies, 2014–2015. She is the recipient of the 2012 John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Fellowship. She has served, and continues to serve, on the editorial board of several academic journals, including the American Historical Review, Past and Present,Gender and History, Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History, Indian Economic and Social History Review, and History of the Present.
Edward E. Baptist is an American academic and writer. He is a professor of history at Cornell University, located in Ithaca, New York, where he specializes in the history of the 19th-century United States, particularly the South. Thematically, he has been interested in the history of capitalism and has also been interested in digital humanities methodologies. He is the author of numerous books.
Sarah Pugh was an American abolitionist, activist, suffragist, and teacher. She was involved with promoting the free produce movement, including a boycott on sugar produced by slave labor. She was a leader of the Philadelphia Female Anti-Slavery Society from its earliest days in 1835 until it closed in 1870. Along with Lucretia Mott, Pugh was one of the delegates to the World Anti-Slavery Convention in London who were denied their seats because they were women.
Slavery in South Carolina was widespread and systemic even when compared to other slave states. From the Pickney cousins at the 1787 Constitutional Convention to the scores of slave traders active in Charleston for decade upon decade to the Rhett–Keitt axis of Fire-Eaters in the 1850s, South Carolina white men arguably did more than any other single faction devoted to perpetuating slavery in the United States.
Stephanie E. Jones-Rogers is an American historian. She is an associate professor of history at the University of California, Berkeley, and the author of They Were Her Property: White Women as Slave Owners in the American South. She is an expert in African-American history, the history of American slavery, and women's and gender history.
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