Margo Cohen

Last updated
Margo P. Cohen
Alma mater University of Michigan Medical School
University of Buenos Aires
Occupation(s)Physician, entrepreneur
EmployerGlycadia
Known for Diabetes research
TitlePresident and Chief Scientific Officer

Margo Panush Cohen is an American physician and entrepreneur. She has been a Professor of Internal Medicine and Chief of Endocrinology and Metabolism at the Wayne State University School of Medicine and the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey. She is President and Chief Scientific Officer of Glycadia, and a founder of its subsidiary Exocell.

Contents

Education

Cohen earned a BS from the University of Michigan and an MD from the University of Michigan Medical School. She held an internship at Sinai Hospital in Detroit, Michigan and a residency at Detroit's Henry Ford Hospital. She was then awarded fellowships from the Public Health Service and the National Institutes of Health and pursued doctoral studies in biochemistry at Wayne State University. Moving with her family to Argentina, she completed her doctoral program at the University of Buenos Aires. [1] [2]

Career

Returning from Argentina, Cohen joined the faculty of Wayne State University School of Medicine as Assistant Professor of Medicine, becoming Full Professor and head of Endocrinology and Metabolism at the Medical Center's Detroit Receiving Hospital. [1] In 1982 she became Professor of Medicine and Head of the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism at the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey. She received a Fulbright Scholarship in 1986 for a sabbatical in Israel at the Beilinson Hospital/University of Tel Aviv. [1]

Cohen founded Exocell in 1988 to develop diabetes-related diagnostic products, and subsequently established Glycadia to develop therapeutic products. The company received initial financing from venture funds and the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Its first FDA-approved diagnostic product was Albuwell, a test that detects diabetic kidney disease, followed by other diagnostic products approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to monitor diabetes management and complications. [1] [3] She holds twelve patents in the field of diabetes treatment. [4] She continues to be the President and Chief Scientific Officer of Glycadia, . [5]

Cohen has been editor-in chief- of the Journal Endocrinology and served on study sections of the National Institutes of Health. She was twice appointed Chairman of the Board of Scientific Counselors for the National Institute of Dental Research at the National Institutes of Health. [6] [7] She was elected a member of the American Society for Clinical Investigation in 1982 and is currently[ when? ] an emeritus member of the society. [8]

Research

Cohen has contributed to several areas in endocrine and diabetes research. While in graduate school, she uncovered the mechanism by which the anti-convulsant aminoglutethemide interferes with the production of adrenal steroids, leading to clinical use of the drug in hormone-dependent cancers. [9] [10] In Argentina she studied the effects of diabetes, insulin and pituitary hormones on protein synthesis and vascular metabolism. [11] [12] As a visiting scientist in England, she examined effects of diabetes on basement membranes. [13] In Israel, Cohen discovered the increased prevalence of diabetes in young Ethiopian immigrants and linked it to radical changes in dietary habits. [14] [15] She has also researched immune factors diabetes [16] and the cause of kidney, eye and vascular complications tied to diabetes, uncovering the role of increased nonenzymatic glycation in their genesis and identifying abnormalities in the production of matrix components and in signaling pathways inhibition. [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22]

Publishing

Cohen has authored and edited numerous books in the areas of diabetes, endocrinology and metabolism. These include:

  1. Diabetes and Protein Glycosylation: Methods of Measurement and Biologic Relevance; Springer Verlag, New York(1986) ISBN   0-387-96297-2
  2. The Polyol Paradigm and Complications of Diabetes; Springer Verlag, New York (1987) ISBN   0-387-96418-5
  3. Special Topics in Endocrinology and Metabolism; Alan R. Liss, Inc., New York(1979) ISBN   0-8451-0700-3; (1980) ISBN   0-8451-0701-1; (1981) ISBN   0-8451-0702-X; (1982) ISBN   0-8451-0703-8; (1983) ISBN   0-8451-0704-6; (1984) ISBN   0-8451-0705-4; (1985) ISBN   0-8451-0706-2
  4. Endocrinology & Metabolism: Hormone Resistance and Endocrine Paradoxes;Springer Verlag, New York (1987) ISBN   0-387-96517-3
  5. Controversies in Diabetes and Pregnancy; Springer Verlag, New York (1988) ISBN   0-387-96622-6
  6. The Brain as an Endocrine Organ; Springer Verlag, New York(1989) ISBN   0-387-96644-7
  7. Diabetes and Autoimmunity; Springer Verlag, New York (1990) ISBN   0-387-96645-5
  8. Diabetes and Protein Glycation. Clinical and Pathophysiological Relevance;JC Press, Philadelphia(1996) ISBN   0-9654654-0-3

Personal life

Cohen married her college boyfriend, Perry M. Cohen, an investment banker, and she is the mother of three sons:. [1] [23] [24] [25]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Adrenal gland</span> Endocrine gland

The adrenal glands are endocrine glands that produce a variety of hormones including adrenaline and the steroids aldosterone and cortisol. They are found above the kidneys. Each gland has an outer cortex which produces steroid hormones and an inner medulla. The adrenal cortex itself is divided into three main zones: the zona glomerulosa, the zona fasciculata and the zona reticularis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Endocrine system</span> Hormone-producing glands of a body

The endocrine system is a messenger system in an organism comprising feedback loops of hormones that are released by internal glands directly into the circulatory system and that target and regulate distant organs. In vertebrates, the hypothalamus is the neural control center for all endocrine systems.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hyperglycemia</span> Too much blood sugar, usually because of diabetes

Hyperglycemia is a condition in which an excessive amount of glucose circulates in the blood plasma. This is generally a blood sugar level higher than 11.1 mmol/L (200 mg/dL), but symptoms may not start to become noticeable until even higher values such as 13.9–16.7 mmol/L (~250–300 mg/dL). A subject with a consistent fasting blood glucose range between ~5.6 and ~7 mmol/L is considered slightly hyperglycemic, and above 7 mmol/L is generally held to have diabetes. For diabetics, glucose levels that are considered to be too hyperglycemic can vary from person to person, mainly due to the person's renal threshold of glucose and overall glucose tolerance. On average, however, chronic levels above 10–12 mmol/L (180–216 mg/dL) can produce noticeable organ damage over time.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Type 2 diabetes</span> Type of diabetes mellitus with high blood sugar and insulin resistance

Type 2 diabetes (T2D), formerly known as adult-onset diabetes, is a form of diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. Common symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urination, fatigue and unexplained weight loss. Symptoms may also include increased hunger, having a sensation of pins and needles, and sores (wounds) that do not heal. Often symptoms come on slowly. Long-term complications from high blood sugar include heart disease, strokes, diabetic retinopathy which can result in blindness, kidney failure, and poor blood flow in the limbs which may lead to amputations. The sudden onset of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state may occur; however, ketoacidosis is uncommon.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cortisol</span> Human natural glucocorticoid hormone

Cortisol is a steroid hormone, in the glucocorticoid class of hormones and a stress hormone. When used as a medication, it is known as hydrocortisone.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Endocrine gland</span> Glands of the endocrine system that secrete hormones to blood

Endocrine glands are ductless glands of the endocrine system that secrete their products, hormones, directly into the blood. The major glands of the endocrine system include the pineal gland, pituitary gland, pancreas, ovaries, testicles, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, hypothalamus and adrenal glands. The hypothalamus and pituitary glands are neuroendocrine organs.

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are proteins or lipids that become glycated as a result of exposure to sugars. They are a bio-marker implicated in aging and the development, or worsening, of many degenerative diseases, such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, chronic kidney disease, and Alzheimer's disease.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Diabetic nephropathy</span> Chronic loss of kidney function

Diabetic nephropathy, also known as diabetic kidney disease, is the chronic loss of kidney function occurring in those with diabetes mellitus. Diabetic nephropathy is the leading causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) globally. The triad of protein leaking into the urine, rising blood pressure with hypertension and then falling renal function is common to many forms of CKD. Protein loss in the urine due to damage of the glomeruli may become massive, and cause a low serum albumin with resulting generalized body swelling (edema) so called nephrotic syndrome. Likewise, the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) may progressively fall from a normal of over 90 ml/min/1.73m2 to less than 15, at which point the patient is said to have end-stage renal disease. It usually is slowly progressive over years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Glibenclamide</span> Chemical compound

Glibenclamide, also known as glyburide, is an antidiabetic medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It is recommended that it be taken together with diet and exercise. It may be used with other antidiabetic medication. It is not recommended for use by itself in type 1 diabetes. It is taken by mouth.

11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzymes catalyze the conversion of inert 11 keto-products (cortisone) to active cortisol, or vice versa, thus regulating the access of glucocorticoids to the steroid receptors.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Type 1 diabetes</span> Form of diabetes mellitus

Type 1 diabetes (T1D), formerly known as juvenile diabetes, is an autoimmune disease that originates when cells that make insulin are destroyed by the immune system. Insulin is a hormone required for the cells to use blood sugar for energy and it helps regulate glucose levels in the bloodstream. Before treatment this results in high blood sugar levels in the body. The common symptoms of this elevated blood sugar are frequent urination, increased thirst, increased hunger, weight loss, and other serious complications. Additional symptoms may include blurry vision, tiredness, and slow wound healing. Symptoms typically develop over a short period of time, often a matter of weeks if not months.

Fructosamines are compounds that result from glycation reactions between a sugar and a primary amine, followed by isomerization via the Amadori rearrangement. Biologically, fructosamines are recognized by fructosamine-3-kinase, which may trigger the degradation of advanced glycation end-products. Fructosamine can also refer to the specific compound 1-amino-1-deoxy-D-fructose (isoglucosamine), first synthesized by Nobel laureate Hermann Emil Fischer in 1886.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vildagliptin</span> Chemical compound

Vildagliptin, sold under the brand name Galvus and others, is an oral anti-hyperglycemic agent of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor class of drugs. Vildagliptin inhibits the inactivation of GLP-1 and GIP by DPP-4, allowing GLP-1 and GIP to potentiate the secretion of insulin in the beta cells and suppress glucagon release by the alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Endocrine disease</span> Medical condition

Endocrine diseases are disorders of the endocrine system. The branch of medicine associated with endocrine disorders is known as endocrinology.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dapagliflozin</span> Diabetes medication

Dapagliflozin, sold under the brand names Farxiga (US) and Forxiga (EU) among others, is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It is also used to treat adults with heart failure and chronic kidney disease. It reversibly inhibits sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) in the renal proximal convoluted tubule to reduce glucose reabsorption and increase urinary glucose excretion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">3-Deoxyglucosone</span> Chemical compound

3-Deoxyglucosone (3DG) is a sugar that is notable because it is a marker for diabetes. 3DG reacts with protein to form advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), which contribute to diseases such as the vascular complications of diabetes, atherosclerosis, hypertension, Alzheimer's disease, inflammation, and aging.

George Widmer Thorn was an American physician whose contributions led to new treatments of kidney diseases and adrenal gland disorders, most notably Addison's disease. Thorn was Chief of Medicine at Boston's Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, presently known as Brigham and Women's Hospital. Thorn pioneered the use of cortisone for treating Addison's disease, and devised an early test for this disease, now known as the Thorn test. His research of cortisone and ACTH led to new treatments of other diseases such as hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Leonid Poretsky</span> American endocrinologist

Leonid Poretsky is a Russian-born American endocrinologist. His research interests include mechanisms of insulin action in the ovary, endocrinological aspects of AIDS, and clinical outcomes in diabetes. He has authored over 150 publications and has served on the National Institutes of Health's review committees and on the editorial boards of the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism and other endocrine journals.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Diabetes</span> Group of endocrine diseases characterized by high blood sugar levels

Diabetes mellitus, often known simply as diabetes, is a group of common endocrine diseases characterized by sustained high blood sugar levels. Diabetes is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin, or the cells of the body becoming unresponsive to the hormone's effects. Classic symptoms include thirst, polyuria, weight loss, and blurred vision. If left untreated, the disease can lead to various health complications, including disorders of the cardiovascular system, eye, kidney, and nerves. Untreated or poorly treated diabetes accounts for approximately 1.5 million deaths every year.

Mladen Vranic, MD, DSc, O.C., O.Ont, FRSC, FRCP(C), FCAHS, Canadian Medical Hall of Fame[CMHF] April 3, 1930 – June 18, 2019, was a Croatian-born diabetes researcher, best known for his work in tracer methodology, exercise and stress in diabetes, the metabolic effects of hormonal interactions, glucagon physiology, extrapancreatic glucagon, the role of the direct and indirect metabolic effects of insulin and the prevention of hypoglycemia. Vranic was recognized by a number of national and international awards for his research contributions, mentoring and administration including the Orders of Canada (Officer) and Ontario.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Valerie Reitman (February 20, 1989). "A Doctor Gets Down To Business". Philadelphia Inquirer .
  2. ↑ "Margo Cohen". Archived from the original on September 13, 2017. Retrieved February 25, 2014.
  3. ↑ "Brotherly Love, Cheese Steaks And Biomed?". Businessweek. March 3, 1991. Archived from the original on March 19, 2014. Retrieved September 24, 2013.
  4. ↑ "Margo P Cohen - Inventor". Archived from the original on November 18, 2018. Retrieved September 24, 2013.
  5. ↑ "Patent Application Titled "Long-Acting and Controlled Release Formulations of 2-[(3-Chlorophenyl) Amino] Phenylacetic Acid" Published Online". Diabetes Week. February 17, 2014. Archived from the original on June 11, 2014. Retrieved March 19, 2014.
  6. ↑ Richard Stone (May 21, 1993). "Dental Institute Report Has NIH Down in the Mouth". Science . 260 (5111): 1069. Bibcode:1993Sci...260.1069S. doi:10.1126/science.8493546. PMID   8493546.
  7. ↑ "Translational Research | Vol 149, Issue 6, Pages A1-A8, 293-356 (June 2007)". Science Direct . Elsevier . Retrieved 2022-08-25.
  8. ↑ "Margo Panush Cohen, MD PhD" . Retrieved October 8, 2013.
  9. ↑ Cash, Ralph; Brough, A. Joseph; Margo, N.P.Cohen; Satoh, Paul S. (1967). "Aminoglutethimide as an inhibitor of adrenal steroidogenesis". J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 27 (9): 1239–1242. doi:10.1210/jcem-27-9-1239. PMID   4292247.
  10. ↑ Cohen, Margo P. (1968). "Aminoglutethimide inhibition of adrenal desmolase activity". Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 127 (4): 1086–1090. doi:10.3181/00379727-127-32877. PMID   4385282. S2CID   38942051.
  11. ↑ Cohen, Margo P.; Foglia, Virgilio G. (1970). "Aortic mucopolysaccharides in experimental diabetes". Diabetes. 19 (9): 639–643. doi:10.2337/diab.19.9.639. PMID   4248450. S2CID   31726908.
  12. ↑ Cohen, M.P.; Grinblat, L. (1972). "Effect of diabetes on the activity of soluble factors required in ribosomal protein synthesis". Horm Metab Res. 4 (04): 249–253. doi:10.1055/s-0028-1094060. PMID   5086196. S2CID   22160676.
  13. ↑ Margo Cohen; et al. (May 1981). "Nonenzymatic Glycosylation of Basement Membranes" (PDF). Diabetes. 30 (5): 367–371. doi:10.2337/diab.30.5.367. PMID   7227657. S2CID   39313818 . Retrieved September 24, 2013.
  14. ↑ Margo Cohen; et al. (June 1988). "High Prevalence of Diabetes in Young Adult Ethiopian Immigrants to Israel" (PDF). Diabetes. 37 (6): 824–8. doi:10.2337/diab.37.6.824. PMID   3384182. S2CID   27276439.
  15. ↑ C.N. Hales, Fetal nitrition and adult diabetes. Scientific American , Jul-Aug, 1994 pp. 53–54
  16. ↑ Warren Leary (June 19, 1990). "Researchers closing in on a large scale test to screen for diabetes". New York Times .
  17. ↑ Margo Cohen; et al. (October 8, 2001). "Inhibiting albumin glycation in vivo ameliorates glomerular overexpression of TGF-bold beta1". Kidney International. 61 (6): 2025–32. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2002.00352.x . PMID   12028443.
  18. ↑ Margo Cohen; et al. (November 2008). "Amelioration of Diabetes-Associated Abnormalities in the Vitreous Fluid by an Inhibitor of Albumin Glycation". Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. 49 (11): 5089–93. doi: 10.1167/iovs.08-1993 . PMID   18599566.
  19. ↑ Cohen, Margo P.; Shea, Elizabeth; Wu, Van-Yu (2010). "Inhibiting low density lipoprotein glycation ameliorates increased cholesteryl synthesis in macrophages and hypercholesterolemia and aortic lipid peroxidation in streptozotocin diabetic rats". Metabolism. 59 (5): 658–663. doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2009.09.010. PMC   2856719 . PMID   19922964.
  20. ↑ Kennedy, Laurence; Pilar Solano, Maria; Meneghini, Luigi; Lo, Margaret; Cohen, Margo P. (2010). "Anti-glycation and anti-albuminuric effects of GLY-230 in human diabetes". Am J Nephrol. 31 (2): 110–116. doi:10.1159/000259897. PMID   19923796. S2CID   11014059.
  21. ↑ Cohen, Margo P.; Chen, Sheldon; et al. (2005). "Evidence linking glycated albumin to altered glomerular nephrin and VEGF expression, proteinuria, and diabetic nephropathy". Kidney Int. 68 (4): 1554–1561. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00567.x . PMID   16164632.
  22. ↑ Margo P. Cohen, Gregory T. Lautenslager et al. "Inhibiting albumin glycation attenuates dysregulation of VEGFR-1 and Collagen IV subchain production and the development of renal insufficiency." Amer J Physiology – Renal Physiology 292:F789-F795, 2007
  23. ↑ Michael H. Cohen (2007). Healing at the Borderland of Medicine and Religion. University of North Carolina Press. p. xii. ISBN   9780807877425 . Retrieved September 24, 2013.
  24. ↑ "Nancy Ann Jeffrey Weds Daniel Cohen". New York Times . August 18, 1991. Retrieved September 24, 2013.
  25. ↑ "Perry M. Cohen obituary". Legacy.com . Retrieved March 19, 2014.
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