Matale mass grave

Last updated

Matale mass grave is the mass burial of people suspected to have been killed extrajudicially during the second JVP uprising during counterinsurgency operations by the Sri Lankan Army. Sri Lankan forensic archaeologist led by Raj Somadeva who examined the site said that it was not due to epidemic or any natural causes and a parallel investigation done by a Judicial Medical Officer Ajith Jayasena said that it was not a regular burial site and both concluded that remains belonged to the period 1986–1990. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]

Contents

Background

Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna staged an armed uprising after the signing of the Indo-Sri Lankan Accord and the presence of the IPKF in Sri Lanka which was unpopular in Sri Lanka. This uprising was put down brutally by the government in which thousands of youths were killed. The remains of over 150 people was discovered when a new building was being built in the Matale Base Hospital. Matale was one of the areas JVP insurgency was very active. Gotabhaya Rajapaksa was the commanding officer of the Sri Lankan Army in Matale from May 1989 and left for USA in Jan 1990 by which the insurgency was crushed. [8] [9] [10] [11]

Investigation

Sri Lankan Government has ordered a probe by a presidential commission but it has been questioned whether the commission will achieve anything as previous commissions have achieved little and some of those who held responsible positions in Matale then are in influential positions including the then Military Coordinating Officer of Matale. [12] [13] [14]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">History of Sri Lanka</span> Historical aspects of Sri Lanka

The history of Sri Lanka is intertwined with the history of the broader Indian subcontinent and the surrounding regions, comprising the areas of South Asia, Southeast Asia and the Indian Ocean. The early human remains found on the island of Sri Lanka date to about 38,000 years ago.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mahinda Rajapaksa</span> President of Sri Lanka from 2005 to 2015

Mahinda Rajapaksa is a Sri Lankan politician. He served as the President of Sri Lanka from 2005 to 2015; the Prime Minister of Sri Lanka from 2004 to 2005, 2018, and 2019 to 2022; the Leader of the Opposition from 2002 to 2004 and 2018 to 2019, and the Minister of Finance from 2005 to 2015 and 2019 to 2021. He has been a Member of Parliament (MP) for Kurunegala since 2015.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna</span> Marxist-Leninist political party in Sri Lanka

Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna is a Marxist–Leninist communist party and a former militant organization in Sri Lanka. The movement was involved in two armed uprisings against the government of Sri Lanka: once in 1971 (SLFP), and another in 1987–89 (UNP). The motive for both uprisings was to establish a socialist state.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rohana Wijeweera</span> Sri Lankan politician and revolutionary

Patabendi Don Jinadasa Nandasiri Wijeweera (Sinhala: පටබැඳි දොන් ජිනදාස නන්දසිරි විජෙවීර; 14 July 1943 – 13 November 1989, better known by his nom de guerreRohana Wijeweera, was a Sri Lankan Marxist political activist, revolutionary and the founder of the Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna. Wijeweera led the party in two unsuccessful insurrections in Sri Lanka, in 1971 and 1987 to 1989.

The United People's Freedom Alliance was a political alliance in Sri Lanka founded by former Sri Lankan president Chandrika Kumaratunga in 2004 and dissolved by former Sri Lankan President Maithripala Sirisena in 2019.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1971 JVP insurrection</span> Armed revolt in Ceylon

The 1971 Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP) insurrection was the first of two unsuccessful armed revolts conducted by the communist Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP) against the socialist United Front Government of Sri Lanka under Prime Minister Sirimavo Bandaranaike. The revolt began on 5 April 1971, and lasted until June of that year. The insurgents held towns and rural areas for several weeks, until the regions were recaptured by the armed forces, following strong support from friendly nations that sent men and material. Although this first attempt to seize power was quickly crushed by force, in 1987 the JVP launched a low intensity insurgency in the island's southern, central and western regions that lasted several years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1987–1989 JVP insurrection</span> Armed revolt in Sri Lanka

The 1987–1989 JVP insurrection, also known as the 1988–1989 revolt or the JVP troubles, was an armed revolt in Sri Lanka, led by the Marxist–Leninist Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna, against the Government of Sri Lanka. The 1987–1989 insurrection, like the 1971 JVP insurrection, was unsuccessful. The main phase of the insurrection was a low-intensity conflict that lasted from April 1987 to December 1989. The insurgents led by the JVP resorted to subversion, assassinations, raids, and attacks on military and civilian targets while the Sri Lankan government reacted through counter-insurgency operations to suppress the revolt.

Human rights in Sri Lanka provides for fundamental rights in the country. The Sri Lanka Constitution states that every person is entitled to freedom of thought, conscience and religion, including the freedom to have or to adopt a religion or belief of his choice. And, that every person is equal before the law.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sri Lanka and state terrorism</span>

The Sri Lankan state has been accused of state terrorism against the Tamil minority as well as the Sinhalese majority, during the two Marxist–Leninist insurrections. The Sri Lankan government and the Sri Lankan Armed Forces have been charged with massacres, indiscriminate shelling and bombing, extrajudicial killings, rape, torture, disappearance, arbitrary detention, forced displacement and economic blockade. According to Amnesty International state terror was institutionalized into Sri Lanka's laws, government and society.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wasantha Karannagoda</span>

Admiral of the Fleet Wasantha Kumar Jayadeva Karannagoda, RSP, VSV, USP, MRIN, MNI is a Sri Lankan naval officer, who is the current Governor of North Western Province, Sri Lanka.

The Sooriyakanda mass grave is the mass burial ground of murdered school children from Embilipitiya Maha Vidyalaya in Sri Lanka. These school children were killed and buried as part of the counterinsurgency during the second JVP uprising in Sri Lanka. It was alleged that over 300 bodies were buried in the location. The mass grave was located in 1994. The Sri Lankan government last reported in 1996 to have conducted a forensic analysis of the burial ground uncovering an unspecified number of bodies. Local media, NGOs and the US state department have claimed that the investigations are not satisfactory.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gotabaya Rajapaksa</span> President of Sri Lanka from 2019 to 2022

Nandasena Gotabaya Rajapaksa is a former Sri Lankan politician and military officer, who served as the eighth President of Sri Lanka from 18 November 2019 until his resignation on 14 July 2022. He previously served as Secretary to the Ministry of Defence and Urban Development from 2005 to 2015 under the administration of his elder brother former President Mahinda Rajapaksa, during the final phase of the Sri Lankan Civil War.

Thousands of people have disappeared in Sri Lanka since the 1980s. A 1999 study by the United Nations found that Sri Lanka had the second highest number of disappearances in the world and that 12,000 Sri Lankans had disappeared after being detained by the Sri Lankan security forces. A few years earlier the Sri Lankan government had estimated that 17,000 people had disappeared. In 2003 the Red Cross stated that it had received 20,000 complaints of disappearances during the Sri Lankan Civil War of which 9,000 had been resolved but the remaining 11,000 were still being investigated.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">History of Sri Lanka (1948–present)</span>

The history of Sri Lanka from 1948 to the present is marked by the independence of the country through to Dominion and becoming a Republic. The main factor has been conflict and civil war regarding the status of minority Tamils.

Hambantota electoral district is one of the 22 multi-member electoral districts of Sri Lanka created by the 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka. The district is conterminous with the administrative district of Hambantota in the Southern province. The district currently elects 7 of the 225 members of the Sri Lankan Parliament and had 421,186 registered electors in 2010.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Namal Rajapaksa</span> Sri Lankan politician

Lakshman Namal Rajapaksa is a Sri Lankan politician. He is the eldest of son of Sri Lankan former President and Prime Minister Mahinda Rajapaksa and a member of parliament. He was the Minister of Youth and Sports from 2020 to 2022.

General Shavendra Silva, WWV, RWP, RSP, VSV, USP is a Sri Lanka Army general who is the current Chief of Defence Staff, the head of the Sri Lanka Armed Forces serving from 1 January 2020. He also served as the Commander of the Sri Lanka Army from 19 August 2019 to 31 May 2022. His other important appointments include, Chief of Staff of the army, Adjutant General and Director of Operations of the Army. During the Sri Lankan civil war he gained fame as the General Officer Commanding of the elite 58 Division. He had also served as the Deputy Permanent Representative to the United Nations Headquarters.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Corruption in Sri Lanka</span> Institutional corruption in Sri Lanka

Corruption in Sri Lanka is considered a major problem in all levels of society, from the top echelons of political power to minor staff levels.

Terrorism in Sri Lanka has been a highly destructive phenomenon during the periods of the Sri Lankan Civil War (1983–2009) and the first and second JVP insurrections. A common definition of terrorism is the systematic use or threatened use of violence to intimidate a population or government for political, religious, or ideological goals. Sri Lanka is a country that has experienced some of the worst known acts of modern terrorism, such as suicide bombings, massacres of civilians and assassination of political and social leaders, that posed a significant threat to the society, economy and development of the country. The Prevention of Terrorism Act of 1978 is the legislation, that provides the powers to law enforcement officers to deal with issues related to terrorism in Sri Lanka. It was first enacted as a temporary law in 1979 under the presidency of J. R. Jayewardene, and later made permanent in 1982.

The Batalanda Detention Centre was an alleged detention centre in Butalanda which was used to torture and exterminate members of the Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP) during the JVP uprising of 1988–1989, who launched a second armed revolt against the then elected UNP government led by President Ranasinghe Premadasa.

References

  1. "Matale mass grave traced to 1987-89". Island. January 21, 2013. Retrieved 2013-04-09.
  2. "JVP says Matale mass grave has remains of 200 torture victims". Island. February 5, 201. Retrieved 2013-04-09.
  3. "Sri Lanka Matale mass grave 'dates from late 1980s'". BBC. 28 March 2013. Retrieved 2013-04-09.
  4. "Leading archaeologist calls for accountability on Matale mass grave". JDS. 30 March 2013. Retrieved 2013-04-09.
  5. Anna Niestat (2008). Recurring Nightmare: State Responsibility for "disappearances" and Abductions in Sri Lanka. Human Rights Watch. pp. 19–. GGKEY:UXWF05XJ0X5. Retrieved 10 April 2013.
  6. "Sri Lanka mass grave dates to Marxist rebellion, says judge". The Guardian. 28 March 2013. Retrieved 2013-04-10.
  7. "Sri Lanka Matale 'mass grave could be a crime site'". BBC. 14 December 2012. Retrieved 2013-04-11.
  8. Metta Spencer (1998). Separatism: democracy and disintegration. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 263–. ISBN   978-0-8476-8585-1 . Retrieved 10 April 2013.
  9. Margaret Lock; Mark Nichter (20 May 2004). New Horizons in Medical Anthropology: Essays in Honour of Charles Leslie. Routledge. pp. 287–. ISBN   978-0-203-39851-7 . Retrieved 10 April 2013.
  10. "Rajapaksa Govt Haunted By Ghosts From The Past". The Sunday Leader. Retrieved 2013-04-10.
  11. "Matale Mass Grave". www.srilankabrief.org. April 3, 2013. Archived from the original on November 7, 2013. Retrieved 2013-04-10.
  12. "Is this presidential commission on Matale mass grave worth its salt?". Ceylon Today. Retrieved 2013-04-10.
  13. "Sri Lanka to probe mass grave with more than 150 dead". /news.yahoo.com. Apr 7, 2013. Retrieved 2013-04-10.
  14. "Gotabaya the prime suspect in Matale mass killings now begins his evidence killing operations –Orders destruction of police records". lankaenews.com. 8 April 2013. Archived from the original on 18 April 2013. Retrieved 2013-04-10.