National Alliance was a national conservative political party in Italy. It was the successor of the Italian Social Movement (MSI),a neo-fascist party founded in 1946 by former followers of Benito Mussolini that had moderated its policies over its last decades and finally distanced itself from its former ideology,a move known as post-fascismo,during a convention in Fiuggi by dissolving into the new party in 1995.
Forza Italia was a centre-right liberal-conservative political party in Italy,with Christian-democratic,liberal,social-democratic and populist tendencies. It was founded by Silvio Berlusconi,who served as Prime Minister of Italy four times.
Gianfranco Fini is an Italian politician who served as the president of the Italian Chamber of Deputies from 2008 to 2013. He is the former leader of the far-right Italian Social Movement,the conservative National Alliance,and the center-right Future and Freedom party. He was Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs in Silvio Berlusconi's government from 2001 to 2006.
The 1996 Italian general election was held on 21 April 1996 to elect members of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate of the Republic. Romano Prodi,leader of the centre-left The Olive Tree,won the election,narrowly defeating Silvio Berlusconi,who led the centre-right Pole for Freedoms.
Roberto Ernesto Maroni was an Italian politician from Varese and a past President of Lombardy. He was the leader of the Northern League,a party seeking autonomy or independence for Northern Italy or Padania. From 1992 to 2013 he was a Member of the Chamber of Deputies of the Italian Republic,always elected in Lombard constituencies. He served as Deputy Prime Minister of the Italian Republic in the Berlusconi I executive,from 1994 to 1995. He was Interior Minister of the Italian Republic from 1994 to 1995,and from 2008 to 2011. He was Labour Minister of the Italian Republic from 2001 to 2006.
Giuseppe "Beppe" Pisanu is an Italian politician,longtime member of the Chamber of Deputies for the Christian Democracy (1972–1992) and then for Forza Italia (1994–2006).
Benedetto Della Vedova is an Italian politician.
Angelino Alfano is an Italian former politician who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 12 December 2016 to 1 June 2018.
Mario Clemente Mastella is an Italian politician who has been the mayor of Benevento since 20 June 2016. He also served as leader of the Union of Democrats for Europe (UDEUR),a minor centrist and Christian-democratic Italian party. Mastella,who began his career in the Christian Democracy (DC) party,being elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 1976,is known for his trasformismo,changing over his career many political parties and affiliations.
The People of Freedom was a centre-right political party in Italy. The PdL launched by Silvio Berlusconi as an electoral list,including Forza Italia and National Alliance,on 27 February for the 2008 Italian general election. The list was later transformed into a party during a party congress on 27–29 March 2009. The party's leading members included Angelino Alfano,Renato Schifani,Renato Brunetta,Roberto Formigoni,Maurizio Sacconi,Maurizio Gasparri,Mariastella Gelmini,Antonio Martino,Giancarlo Galan,Maurizio Lupi,Gaetano Quagliariello,Daniela Santanchè,Sandro Bondi,and Raffaele Fitto.
The Pannella List is a liberal and libertarian association,which was also the electoral list of the Italian Radicals between 1992 and 1999,when it was replaced by the Bonino List.
Ignazio Benito Maria La Russa is an Italian politician who is serving as president of the Senate of the Republic since 13 October 2022. He is the first politician with a neo-fascist background to hold the position of President of the Senate,the second highest-ranking office of the Italian Republic.
The Liberal Socialist Movement,called until 18 December 1994 the Federation of Socialists,was a social-democratic political party in Italy.
Mario Landolfi is an Italian politician,served as a member of the parliament and minister of communications.
Francesco Saverio Romano is an Italian politician and lawyer. He served as the minister of agricultures in 2011 and a member of the Chamber of Deputies between 2001 and 2018.
New Centre-Right was a centre-right political party in Italy. The party was launched on 15 November 2013 by a group of dissidents of The People of Freedom (PdL) who opposed the party's reformation as Forza Italia (FI),which would take place the following day. The NCD leader was Angelino Alfano,who had been Silvio Berlusconi's protégéand national secretary of the PdL from 2011 to 2013.
Energies for Italy was a political party in Italy,launched in November 2016 and officially established on 1 April 2017. Its leader is Stefano Parisi,a former director-general of Confindustria and CEO of Fastweb,who was an unsuccessful candidate for mayor in the 2016 Milan municipal election.
Stefano Caldoro is an Italian politician. He is the current leader of the New PSI.
Popular Alternative is a Christian-democratic political party in Italy that was founded on 18 March 2017 after the dissolution of New Centre-Right (NCD),one of the two parties that emerged at the break-up of The People of Freedom. "Popular" is a reference to popolarismo,the Italian variety of Christian democracy. The party has been a member of the European People's Party (EPP) since its foundation,having inherited the membership of the NCD.
Stefano Parisi is an Italian businessman and politician. He was the general secretary of Confindustria for four years and founder of Energies for Italy,a political party member of the centre-right coalition.
