San Marino,officially the Republic of San Marino and also known as the Most Serene Republic of San Marino,is a European microstate and enclave within Italy. Located on the northeastern side of the Apennine Mountains,it is the fifth-smallest country in the world,with a land area of just over 61 km2 and a population of 33,660 as of 2022.
The politics of the state of San Marino take place in a framework of a unitary parliamentary representative democratic republic,whereby the Captains Regent are the heads of state and heads of government. The country has a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the Grand and General Council. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature.
Captains Regent are the two heads of state of the Republic of San Marino. They are elected every six months by the Grand and General Council,the country's legislative body. Normally the Regents are chosen from parties in coalition and serve a six-month term. The investiture of the Captains Regent takes place on 1 April and 1 October every year. This tradition dates back at least to 1243.
The Grand and General Council is the parliament of San Marino. The council has 60 members elected for a five-year term.
Alberto Selva is a Sammarinese lawyer and politician,who was Captain Regent of San Marino for the term October 2007 - March 2008,together with Mirko Tomassoni.
Oscar Mina is a Sanmarinese politician,who served as Captain Regent of San Marino with Paolo Rondelli from 1 April to 1 October 2022. He previously served as Captain Regent from 1 April 2009 to October 2009 together with Massimo Cenci.
Massimo Cenci is a politician of San Marino. He was Captain Regent of San Marino for the term from 1 April 2009 to October 2009 together with Oscar Mina.
Paolo Rondelli is a Sammarinese politician and diplomat who served as Captain Regent of San Marino alongside Oscar Mina from 1 April to 1 October 2022. He is the world's first openly LGBT+ head of state.
The fatti di Rovereta was a constitutional crisis in San Marino in 1957 in which the Grand and General Council was deliberately rendered inquorate to prevent the scheduled election of Captains-Regent. A provisional government was established in the village of Rovereta,in opposition to the outgoing Captains-Regent whose term had expired.
Tomassoni is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Luca Santolini is a Sammarinese politician and one of the Captains Regent,who served with Mirko Tomassoni from 1 October 2018 until 1 April 2019.
Giancarlo Ghironzi was a Sammarinese politician,who served twice Captain Regent of San Marino from 1 April 1961 to 1 October 1961,and from 1 October 1969 to 1 April 1970.
Alessandro Cardelli is a Sammarinese politician and one of the Captains Regent with Mirko Dolcini,serving from 1 October 2020 until 1 April 2021. During his tenure,he was the youngest state leader in the world and the only head of state under 30 years of age at the time.
Mirko Dolcini is a Sammarinese politician,the head of the political party Domani Motus Liberi and one of the Captains Regent with Alessandro Cardelli. Their joint term was from 1 October 2020 until 1 April 2021.
Domani –Motus Liberi is a Christian-liberal political party in San Marino. The party was officially formed on April 28,2018.
Giacomo Simoncini is a Sammarinese politician,sports executive and pharmacist,who served as the Captain Regent of San Marino with Francesco Mussoni from 1 October 2021 to 1 April 2022. At the time of his appointment,he was the youngest state leader in the world,and was the only head of state younger than the age of 30. A member of the Socialist Party,he has been a member of the Grand and General Council for the electoral alliance Noi per la Repubblica since 2019.
Manuel Ciavatta is a Sammarinese politician who was as one of two Captains Regent from 1 October 2022 until 1 April 2023. He served alongside Maria Luisa Berti.
Gaetano Troina is a Sammarinese politician,director of the press office of the political party Domani Motus Liberi,member of the Grand and General Council. He served as captain regent of San Marino alongside Filippo Tamagnini from October 2023 to April 2024.
Milena Gasperoni is a Sammarinese politician who is one of two Captains Regent for San Marino since April 2024 and serving alongside Alessandro Rossi.
