Misgav Am hostage crisis

Last updated

Misgav Am hostage crisis
Part of Palestinian insurgency in South Lebanon
Israel outline northeast.png
Red pog.svg
The attack site
Location Misgav Am, Israel
DateApril 7–8, 1980
Attack type
Hostage-taking
Weapons AK-47 assault rifles and hand grenades
Deaths3 Israelis (+ 5 attackers)
Injured11 Israeli soldiers [1]
PerpetratorsFive Palestinian militants. Arab Liberation Front claimed responsibility. [2] [3]

The Misgav Am hostage crisis, which began during the night of April 7, 1980, was a raid carried out by a squad of five Palestinian militants belonging to the Iraqi-backed Arab Liberation Front militant organization, [2] [3] on the northern Israeli kibbutz of Misgav Am in which the militants captured a group of toddlers and babies in the children's sleeping quarters of the kibbutz and held them as hostages. The event ended the next day with the takeover of the terrorist stronghold by Israeli special forces.

Contents

During the incident three Israelis were killed: a two-year-old, and a 38-year-old kibbutz member were murdered, and one Israeli soldier died in a rescue attempt. Four other children, a kibbutz member, and 11 Israeli soldiers were injured during the attack. [4]

Details of the attack

During the night of Monday, April 7, 1980, a squad of five Palestinian militants, belonging to the Iraqi-backed Arab Liberation Front militant organization, [2] [3] armed with AK-47 assault rifles and hand grenades, cut the border fence between Israel and Lebanon at around 01:00 am. The squad then crossed the border and managed to sneak into Kibbutz Misgav Am, located in northern Israel. Upon reaching the center of the kibbutz undetected, the squad arrived at the children's sleeping quarters, where children aged 1½ to 3 slept, supervised by some of their parents. [4] [5]

At the entrance to the dormitory, the militant squad encountered the kibbutz secretary Sammy (Samuel) Shani, who happened to be at the site repairing the building's light fixtures. With only a screwdriver in his hand, he attempted to block the entrance, but was shot dead by the militants. [6]

The militants then entered the building and killed two-year-old Eyal Gluska, [1] and snatched two babies from their cribs (one of whom was Sammy Shani's two-month-old son). The militants ran up to the second floor together with the two babies they took, where they barricaded themselves, and where five more toddlers and an adult named Meir Peretz were sleeping. Kibbutz members managed to rescue several women and children from the building during the raid.

At about 2:30 am, Israeli military forces surrounded the dormitory building and began to negotiate with the militants.

Takeover operation

In all, two rescue attempts were made: The first was carried out by Sayeret Golani of the Golani Brigade, and failed. During that attempt, 19-year-old Israel Defense Forces (IDF) medic and combat soldier Eldad Tsafrir [7] was killed by the militants. Tsafrir's body remained lying in the entrance to the building, as no one was capable of evacuating it.

After the first rescue attempt, the militants began using loudspeakers to declare their ransom demands. They read the names of prisoners they wanted released from Israeli prisons, they demanded a plane to fly them out of the country, and also asked that the Romanian ambassador be involved in the negotiations.

After lengthy negotiations, at around 10:00 pm on April 8, a special force of Sayeret Matkal, under the command of Major General Uzi Dayan, broke into the building through several openings during an attack that lasted only two minutes. During this takeover, the soldiers were able to eliminate all the militants and release all hostages. Six Sayeret Matkal soldiers were injured during the takeover. During the rescue attempt, one of the militants shot Meir Peretz in his legs, while Peretz was tied up and lying on the floor, and then blew himself up using a hand grenade. [5]

Victims

Israeli civilian fatalities
Israeli military fatalities

The perpetrators

In an announcement in Beirut after the attack, the Iraqi-backed Arab Liberation Front, a radical guerrilla group within the PLO, claimed responsibility for the attack and stated that the action was carried out with the aim of releasing 50 Palestinians from Israeli prisons. [2] [3]

Israeli retaliation

Following the attack, Israel carried out Operation High Voltage (מבצע מתח גבוה) on April 17, 1980, in which seaborne Israeli commandos raided and destroyed the Ras el-Sheikh Palestinian guerrilla base in southern Lebanon (20 kilometers north of Tyre and about 40 kilometers north of the Israeli border). An IDF spokesman stated that the base was used as a supply center and staging base for terror raids in Israel. [9] Six guerrillas were killed during the operation. [10] [11] [12]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sayeret Matkal</span> Special forces unit of the Israel Defense Forces

General Staff Reconnaissance Unit, more commonly known as Sayeret Matkal is the special reconnaissance unit (sayeret) of Israel's General Staff (matkal). It is the prime special forces unit of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yamam</span> Israels National Counter-Terrorism Unit

The Yamam, also called in Hebrew היחידה המיוחדת ללוחמה בטרור‎ and Israel's National Counter Terror Unit (I.N.C.T.U.) in English, is Israel's national counter-terrorism unit, one of four special units of the Israel Border Police. The Yamam is capable of both hostage-rescue operations and offensive take-over raids against terrorist targets in civilian areas. Besides military and counter-terrorism duties, it also performs SWAT duties and undercover police work.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Avivim school bus bombing</span> 1970 terrorist attack by Palestinian militants in Israel

The Avivim school bus bombing was a terrorist attack on an Israeli school bus on 22 May 1970, in which 12 civilians were killed, nine of them children, and 25 were wounded, one of whom died of a wound sustained in the attack 44 years later. The attack took place on the road to Moshav Avivim, near Israel's border with Lebanon. Two rocket-propelled grenades (RPGs) were fired at the bus. The attack was one of the first carried out by the PFLP-GC.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Savoy Hotel attack</span> PLO attack

The Savoy Hotel attack was a terrorist attack by the Palestine Liberation Organization against the Savoy Hotel in Tel Aviv, Israel, on 4–5 March 1975.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Coastal Road massacre</span> 1978 hijacking of an Israeli bus by Palestinian militants near Tel Aviv

The Coastal Road massacre occurred on 11 March 1978, when Palestinian militants hijacked a bus on the Coastal Highway of Israel and murdered its occupants; 38 Israeli civilians, including 13 children, were killed as a result of the attack while 76 more were wounded. The attack was planned by the influential Palestinian militant leader Abu Jihad and carried out by Fatah, a Palestinian nationalist party founded by Jihad in 1959. The initial plan of the militants was to seize a luxury hotel in the Israeli city of Tel Aviv and take tourists and foreign ambassadors hostage in order to exchange them for Palestinian prisoners in Israeli custody.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Misgav Am</span> Place in Northern, Israel

Misgav Am is a kibbutz in the Upper Galilee in northern Israel. Located close to the border with Lebanon near the town of Kiryat Shmona, it falls under the jurisdiction of Upper Galilee Regional Council. In 2019 it had a population of 339.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shayetet 13</span> Special operations unit of the Israeli Navy

Shayetet 13 is a unit of the Israeli Navy and one of the primary sayeret (reconnaissance) units of the Israel Defense Forces. Shayetet 13 specializes in sea-to-land incursions, counter-terrorism, sabotage, maritime intelligence gathering, maritime hostage rescue, and boarding. The unit is trained for sea, air and land actions. The unit has taken part in almost all of Israel's major wars, as well as other actions.

The following is a partial list of civilian casualties in the Second Intifada. In the ten years from 2000-2010, of 6371 Palestinians killed by Israeli forces, at least 2996 did not participate in hostilities when killed, and 1317 were minors. Of 1083 Israelis killed, 741 were civilians.

Events in the year 1980 in Israel.

Events in the year 1976 in Israel.

Events in the year 1975 in Israel.

Events in the year 1972 in Israel.

Events in the year 1970 in Israel.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1974 Beit She'an attack</span>

The 1974 Beit She'an attack, which took place during 19 November 1974, was a raid by a squad of three Palestinian militants, belonging to the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine militant organization, on the Israeli city of Beit She'an.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Negev desert road ambush</span> 1956 attack on Israeli civilians by Palestinian Arab fedayeen

The Negev desert road ambush was a terrorist attack which occurred on Thursday, 4 October 1956.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Murder of Helena Rapp</span> 1992 Palestinian terrorist attack

Helena Rapp was murdered on 24 May 1992 when a Palestinian stabbed her to death in the Israeli coastal city of Bat Yam. Rapp was fifteen when she was killed, and the attack shocked the Israeli public as one of the more prominent of a series of stabbing attacks that took place in Israel during the early 1990s. Following the attack, riots broke out in Bat Yam until they were dispersed by police five days later. The attacks signified to many Israelis a deterioration of their personal security. The killer was later freed as part of a prisoner exchange between Israel and Hamas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2006 Gaza cross-border raid</span>

The 2006 Gaza cross-border raid was an armed incursion carried out by seven or eight Gazan Palestinian militants on 25 June 2006 who attacked Israel Defense Forces (IDF) positions near the Kerem Shalom Crossing through an attack tunnel. In the attack, two IDF soldiers and two Palestinian militants were killed, four IDF soldiers were wounded, one of whom was Gilad Shalit, who was captured and taken to the Gaza Strip.

References

  1. 1 2 "The Daily Reporter - Google News Archive Search" . Retrieved December 16, 2014.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "Lodi News-Sentinel - Google News Archive Search" . Retrieved December 16, 2014.
  3. 1 2 3 4 "The Miami News - Google News Archive Search" . Retrieved December 16, 2014.
  4. 1 2 "Edmonton Journal - Google News Archive Search" . Retrieved December 16, 2014.
  5. 1 2 "Beaver County Times - Google News Archive Search" . Retrieved December 16, 2014.
  6. 1 2 "אזרחים חללי פעולות איבה - חיפוש לפי שם, אירוע או מקום מגורים - סמי שמואל שני ז"ל". Archived from the original on May 8, 2012. Retrieved December 16, 2014.
  7. 1 2 "נזכור את כולם" . Retrieved December 16, 2014.
  8. "אזרחים חללי פעולות איבה - חיפוש לפי שם, אירוע או מקום מגורים - איל גלוסקא ז"ל". Archived from the original on May 8, 2012. Retrieved December 16, 2014.
  9. "The Calgary Herald - Google News Archive Search" . Retrieved December 16, 2014.
  10. "Los Angeles Times: Archives" . Retrieved December 16, 2014.
  11. Seaborne Israeli Commando Force Attacks Guerrilla Base In Lebanon
  12. "The Miami News - Google News Archive Search" . Retrieved December 16, 2014.