Related Research Articles
Lacrosse is a contact team sport played with a lacrosse stick and a lacrosse ball. It is the oldest organized sport in North America, with its origins with the indigenous people of North America as early as the 12th century. The game was extensively modified by European colonists, reducing the violence, to create its current collegiate and professional form.
The National Lacrosse League (NLL) is a men's professional box lacrosse league in North America. The league is headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Box lacrosse, also known as boxla, box, or indoor lacrosse, is an indoor version of lacrosse played mostly in North America. The game originated in the 1930s in Canada, where it is more popular than field lacrosse. Lacrosse is Canada's official national summer sport. Box lacrosse is played between two teams of five players and one goalie each, and is traditionally played on an ice hockey rink once the ice has been removed or covered. The playing area is called a box, in contrast to the open playing field of field lacrosse. The object of the game is to use a lacrosse stick to catch, carry, and pass the ball in an effort to score by shooting a solid rubber lacrosse ball into the opponent's goal. The highest level of box lacrosse is the National Lacrosse League.
Emily Pauline Johnson, also known by her Mohawk stage name Tekahionwake, was a Canadian poet, author, and performer who was popular in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Her father was a hereditary Mohawk chief of mixed ancestry and her mother was an English immigrant.
Travis Calvin Jackson was an American baseball shortstop. In Major League Baseball (MLB), Jackson played for the New York Giants from 1922 through 1936, winning the 1933 World Series, and representing the Giants in the MLB All-Star Game in 1934. After his retirement as a player, Jackson managed in minor league baseball through to the 1960 season.
The first World Cup of Hockey (WCH), or 1996 World Cup of Hockey, replaced the Canada Cup as one of the premier championships for professional ice hockey.
Sports in Canada consist of a wide variety of games. The roots of organized sports in Canada date back to the 1770s, culminating in the development and popularization of the major professional games of ice hockey, lacrosse, basketball, baseball, soccer, football and cricket. Canada's official national sports are ice hockey and lacrosse. Golf, baseball, tennis, skiing, ringette, badminton, cricket, volleyball, cycling, swimming, bowling, rugby union, canoeing, equestrian, squash, and the study of martial arts are widely enjoyed at the youth and amateur levels. Great achievements in Canadian sports are recognized by Canada's Sports Hall of Fame, while the Lou Marsh Trophy is awarded annually to Canada's top athlete by a panel of journalists. There are numerous other Sports Halls of Fame in Canada.
Édouard Cyrille "Newsy" Lalonde was a Canadian professional ice hockey forward in the National Hockey League (NHL) and a professional lacrosse player. Lalonde is regarded as one of hockey's and lacrosse's greatest players of the first half of the 20th century and one of Canadian sport's most colourful characters. He played for the Montreal Canadiens – considered to be the original "Flying Frenchman" – in the National Hockey Association and the NHL. He also played for the WCHL's Saskatoon Sheiks.
Lacrosse has its origins in a tribal game played by eastern Woodlands Native Americans and by some Plains Indians tribes in what is now the United States of America and Canada. The game was extensively modified by European settlers to create its current collegiate and professional form. There were hundreds of native men playing a ball game with sticks. The game began with the ball being tossed into the air and the two sides rushing to catch it. Because of the large number of players involved, these games generally tended to involve a huge mob of players swarming the ball and slowly moving across the field. Passing the ball was thought of as a trick, and it was seen as cowardly to dodge an opponent. Years later lacrosse is still a popular sport played all over the world. The indigenous people would wear their normal clothes and use a wooden stick and they would play the game with 100-1000 players on each team and they played on 1-2 kilometer fields.
Gaylord Powless (1946–2001) was a Haudenosaunee lacrosse player from the Six Nations of the Grand River First Nation Indian reserve near Brantford, Ontario. His father Ross was also a highly regarded player. In 2017, Powless was inducted into the Canadian Sports Hall of Fame.
Auriesville is a hamlet in the northern part of New York state and west of Albany. It was the site of Ossenon, a Mohawk village where French Jesuits established a mission. This operated from 1667 until 1684, when the Mohawk destroyed it as part of continuing confrontations with French colonists. Auries is said to have been the name of the last Mohawk known to have lived there. Later settlers named the village after him.
Oren R. Lyons Jr. is a Native American Faithkeeper of the Wolf Clan. The Seneca are one of the Six Nations of the historic Haudenosaunee Confederacy. For more than 14 years he has been a member of the Indigenous Peoples of the Human Rights Commission of the United Nations, and has had other leadership roles.
The United States Intercollegiate Lacrosse Association is an association of member institutions and organizations with college lacrosse programs at all levels of competition, including the three NCAA divisions and non-NCAA schools, at both the varsity and club levels for men and women. The association traces its history through predecessor organizations back to 1882, although it received its present name and became a governing body with unlimited membership in 1926. The association is based in Louisville, Kentucky.
David Thornburg Robbins was an American-Canadian trombonist, composer, arranger, and teacher.
Lacrosse has been played in Pennsylvania since the 19th century. There are many amateur programs at the club, college, and high school level, as well as several past and present professional teams in the National Lacrosse League (NLL) and Major League Lacrosse (MLL).
Vesuvius, also known as Vesuvius Bay, is an unincorporated settlement and ferry terminal on the northwest coast of Saltspring Island in the Gulf Islands of British Columbia, Canada. It is the eastern terminus of a ferry which connects Saltspring Island to Vancouver Island across Sansum Narrows to Crofton, which is just north of the city of Duncan.
The Iroquois or Haudenosaunee passport is a form of identification and an "expression of sovereignty" used by the nationals of the Six Nations.
Modern lacrosse in Canada has been a popular sport since the mid 1800s. Only field lacrosse was played until the 1930s, when box lacrosse was invented. In 1994 Parliament passed the National Sports of Canada Act which declared lacrosse to be "Canada's National Summer Sport", with ice hockey as "Canada's National Winter Sport".
The National Lacrosse Association was a professional box lacrosse league that operated in 1968–1969 with teams from both the United States and Canada.
References
- ↑ Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History from 458 A.D. to 1905, (Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1906), page 283.
- ↑ "The Game of Lacrosse", The Daily Inter Ocean , Chicago, Illinois, volume XV, number 192, October 2, 1886, page 11. (subscription required)
- ↑ Poulter, Gillian. Becoming Native in a Foreign Land: Sport, Visual Culture, and Identity in Montreal, 1840-85, UBC Press, Vancouver, 2009, page 157. ISBN 978-0-7748-1441-6
- 1 2 3 "Troy, Springfield Lacrosse Teams Set Local Contest", The Times Record , Troy, New York, series 1970, number 73, March 26, 1970, page 27. (subscription required)
- 1 2 Cioffi, Pete. "Mohawk stickers in action Sunday", The Times Record, Troy, New York, series 1976, number 147, May 26, 1976, page 40. (subscription required)
- ↑ Appletons' Cyclopaedia and Register of Important Events of the Year 1885 , new series, volume X, D. Appleton & Company, New York, 1889, page 519.
- ↑ Downey, Allan. The Creator's Game: Lacrosse, Identity and Indigenous Nationhood, UBC Press, Vancouver, 2018, page 54. ISBN 978-0-7748-3605-0
- ↑ "Mohawk Set For Season", The Times Record, Troy, New York, series 1975, number 81, March 22, 1975, page 10. (subscription required)
- ↑ "Rogowski, Flannigan Lacrosse Stars", The Times Record, Troy, New York, series 1971, number 145, June 18, 1971, page 20. (subscription required)
