Myanmar operates de jure as a unitary assembly-independent republic under its 2008 constitution. On 1 February 2021, Myanmar's military took over the government in a coup, causing ongoing anti-coup protests.
The National League for Democracy is a deregistered liberal democratic political party in Myanmar (Burma). It became the country's ruling party after a landslide victory in the 2015 general election but was overthrown in a military coup d'état in early 2021 following another landslide election victory in 2020.
The National Unity Party (NUP) is a political party in Myanmar (Burma). It is the successor to the Burma Socialist Programme Party (BSPP), which ruled the country from 1962 to 1988. The party's headquarters are in Bahan Township, Yangon.
General elections were held in Myanmar on 7 November 2010, in accordance with the new constitution, which was approved in a referendum held in May 2008. The election date was announced by the State Peace and Development Council (SPDC) on 13 August.
The Shan Nationalities League for Democracy is a de-registered political party in Myanmar (Burma). The party was established on 26 October 1988, and campaigns for the interests of the Shan people. The SNLD became the largest Shan party in the Assembly of the Union following the 2015 general election. The party is a federal party having local branches in most townships in Shan State and few in other states and regions such as Kayah, Kachin, and Mandalay.
The National Democratic Force (NDF) is a political party in Myanmar (Burma). It was founded by former members of the National League for Democracy (NLD) who disagreed with the party leadership's decision to boycott the 2010 general election.
The Arakan League for Democracy is a political party active in Rakhine State, Myanmar (Burma).
The Democratic Party is a political party in Myanmar (Burma), founded in 1988. It was formally registered in May 2010, with its headquarters in Pazundaung Township, Yangon.
The All Mon Region Democracy Party (AMRDP) was a political party in Myanmar, representing the interests of the Mon people. In the 2010 Myanmar general election, which was boycotted by both the main opposition National League for Democracy and the other main Mon party, the Mon National Party, the AMRDP won 16 total seats, 3 in the Pyithu Hluttaw, 4 in the Amyotha Hluttaw and 9 in regional hluttaws.
The Kokang Democracy and Unity Party (KDUP) is a political party in Myanmar (Burma) representing the interests of the Kokang Chinese and the administration in the Kokang Self-Administered Zone.
General elections were held in Myanmar on 8 November 2015, with the National League for Democracy winning a supermajority of seats in the combined national parliament. Voting occurred in all constituencies, excluding seats appointed by the military, to select Members of Assembly to seats in both the upper house and the lower house of the Assembly of the Union, and State and Region Hluttaws. Ethnic Affairs Ministers were also elected by their designated electorates on the same day, although only select ethnic minorities in particular states and regions were entitled to vote for them.
The Arakan National Party, is a political party in Myanmar (Burma), representing the interests of the Rakhine people in Rakhine State and Yangon Region. The party was founded on 13 January 2014 and registered with the Union Election Commission on 6 March 2014. The chairman of the ANP is Thar Htun Hla. The party is known for its hardline ethnic nationalist stance, as well as its Islamophobic and anti-Rohingya positions. Some members of the party were involved in instigating violence against Rohingya people during the communal riots in 2012, which left dozens dead and thousands homeless.
The National Development Party is a minor political party in Myanmar. It was founded by Nay Zin Lat, a former political adviser to President Thein Sein, who retired from his post on 30 April 2015. The party registered with the Union Election Commission before the registration deadline on 30 April, and in advance for the 2015 general election. The party is organised by graduates and students of the Centre for Strategic and International Studies, a local NGO headed Nay Zin Lat himself. The party promotes an ultranationalist and Buddhist nationalist platform, espousing racialist views and advocating suffrage for monks.
The Kayin People's Party is a political party in Myanmar (Burma). It was formed by retired Kayin government officers to contest the 2010 general elections. It is based in Yangon where many Karen people are living.
The Wa National Unity Party (WNUP) is a political party in Myanmar (Burma). It was founded by members of the former Wa National Development Party, which contested the 1990 general elections but did not win any seats. The party has sought to distance itself from the United Wa State Army in order to enter mainstream politics. The WNUP works together with the Nationalities Brotherhood Federation, an alliance of 23 ethnic political parties in Myanmar.
The Inn National Development Party is an Intha political party in Myanmar.
The Federal Union Party is a political party in Myanmar (Burma). The party was formed by sixteen ethnic political parties that were part of the Nationalities Brotherhood Forum (NBF). Its most influential region is Shan State, where it hoped to pose a challenge to the Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP) and the National League for Democracy (NLD) during the 2015 general election.
Nai Thet Lwin is an ethnic Mon Myanmar politician who was the Minister of Ethnic Affairs in the government of President Htin Kyaw.
The Kayah State Democratic Party (KySDP) is a de-registered political party in Myanmar seeking to represent the interests of the Karenni people. It was founded in 2017 as a merger between the All Nationals' Democracy Party and Kayah Unity Democracy Party. The KySDP ran 30 candidates in the 2020 general election and won eight seats. On 28 March 2022, KySDP was officially dissolved by the junta-appointed Union Election Commission, along with 39 other parties.
