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A geographer is a physical scientist,social scientist or humanist whose area of study is geography,the study of Earth's natural environment and human society,including how society and nature interacts. The Greek prefix "geo" means "earth" and the Greek suffix,"graphy",meaning "description",so a geographer is someone who studies the earth. The word "geography" is a Middle French word that is believed to have been first used in 1540.
Feminist geography is a sub-discipline of human geography that applies the theories,methods,and critiques of feminism to the study of the human environment,society,and geographical space. Feminist geography emerged in the 1970s,when members of the women's movement called on academia to include women as both producers and subjects of academic work. Feminist geographers aim to incorporate positions of race,class,ability,and sexuality into the study of geography. The discipline has been subject to several controversies.
Patricia Hill Collins is an American academic specializing in race,class,and gender. She is a distinguished university professor of sociology emerita at the University of Maryland,College Park. She is also the former head of the Department of African-American Studies at the University of Cincinnati,and a past president of the American Sociological Association (ASA). Collins served in 2009 as the 100th president of the ASA –the first African-American woman to hold this position.
Cultural geography is a subfield within human geography. Though the first traces of the study of different nations and cultures on Earth can be dated back to ancient geographers such as Ptolemy or Strabo,cultural geography as academic study firstly emerged as an alternative to the environmental determinist theories of the early 20th century,which had believed that people and societies are controlled by the environment in which they develop. Rather than studying pre-determined regions based upon environmental classifications,cultural geography became interested in cultural landscapes. This was led by the "father of cultural geography" Carl O. Sauer of the University of California,Berkeley. As a result,cultural geography was long dominated by American writers.
Doreen Barbara Massey was a British social scientist and geographer. She specialized in Marxist geography,feminist geography,and cultural geography,as well as other topics. She was Professor of Geography at the Open University.
Cindi Katz,a geographer,is Professor in Environmental Psychology,Earth and Environmental Sciences,American Studies,and Women's Studies at the CUNY Graduate Center. Her work concerns social reproduction and the production of space,place and nature;children and the environment;the consequences of global economic restructuring for everyday life;the privatization of the public environment,the intertwining of memory and history in the geographical imagination,and the intertwined spatialities of homeland and home-based security. She is known for her work on social reproduction and everyday life,research on children's geographies,her intervention on "minor theory",and the notion of counter-topography,which is a means of recognizing the historical and geographical specificities of particular places while inferring their analytic connections to specific material social practices.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to geography:
William Maxfield Denevan is an American geographer. He is professor emeritus of Geography at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and is a prominent member of the Berkeley School of cultural-historical geography. He also worked in the Latin American Center and the Institute for Environmental Studies at Wisconsin. His research interests are in the historical ecology of the Americas,especially Amazonia and the Andes.
Terry G. Jordan-Bychkov was a professor at the Department of Geography and the Environment at University of Texas at Austin and a specialist in the cultural and historical geography of the United States. He authored several influential scholarly books and articles and a widely adopted introductory textbook. Jordan-Bychkov served as president of the American Association of Geographers (AAG) in 1987 and 1988.
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Marianne Hirsch is the William Peterfield Trent Professor of English and Comparative Literature at Columbia University and Professor in the Institute for Research on Women,Gender,and Sexuality.
Susan E. Hanson is an American geographer. She is a Distinguished University Professor Emerita in the Graduate School of Geography at Clark University. Her research has focused on gender and work,travel patterns,and feminist scholarly approaches.
Audrey Lynn Kobayashi is a Canadian professor and author,specializing in geography,geopolitics,and racial and gender studies. She was the vice-president of the Canadian Association of Geographers from 1999 to 2000,and the president from 2000 to 2002. Kobayashi was also the vice-president of the American Association of Geographers in 2010,and president in 2011.
Janice Jones Monk is an Australian-American feminist geographer and researcher in the South West United States,and an Emeritus Professor at the University of Arizona School of Geography,Development and Environment.
Farhana Sultana is a Full Professor of Geography at Syracuse University,where she is also a Research Director for the Program on Environmental Collaboration and Conflicts at the Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs. Her research considers how water management and climate change impact society. Her first book,The Right to Water:Politics,Governance and Social Struggles,investigates the relationships between human rights and access to clean water. She is a feminist political ecologist whose work focuses on climate justice,water governance,sustainability,international development,and decolonizing global frameworks.
Rebecca Lave is a geographer,professor of geography at Indiana University Bloomington (IU),and the current president of the American Association of Geographers (AAG). Her research focuses on critical geography,as it applies to physical geography,as part of the emerging field of critical physical geography. She has focused on bridging the gap between physical and human geography in her research,as a department chair at IU,and as the president of the AAG.
References
- ↑ "President: Mona Domosh". American Association of Geographers. 2014. Retrieved 18 March 2019.
- ↑ "President's Column". American Association of Geographers. 2015. Retrieved 18 March 2019.
- ↑ Clark News & Media Relations (15 September 2014). "Five new members join Board of Trustees". Clark University . Retrieved 25 March 2019.
- ↑ Morin, Karen (1 October 2008). "Book review: American commodities in an age of empire". Cultural Geographies. 15 (4). doi:10.1177/14744740080150040706. S2CID 162338792.
- ↑ Fluri, Jennifer (November 2015). "Gender and Geography". Geography : 9780199874002–9780199874121. doi:10.1093/obo/9780199874002-0121 . Retrieved 18 March 2019.
- ↑ Shand-Tucci, Douglass (24 May 2016). MIT: An Architectural Tour. Chronicle Books. p. 87. ISBN 9781616894993.
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