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A Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) is a family of Power-Electronic based devices designed for use on an Alternating Current (AC) Transmission System to improve and control Power Flow and support Voltage. FACTs devices are alternatives to traditional electric grid solutions and improvements, where building additional Transmission Lines or Substation is not economically or logistically viable.
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A charge pump is a kind of DC-to-DC converter that uses capacitors for energetic charge storage to raise or lower voltage. Charge-pump circuits are capable of high efficiencies, sometimes as high as 90–95%, while being electrically simple circuits.
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Switching Control Techniques address electromagnetic interference (EMI) mitigation on power electronics (PE). The design of power electronics involves overcoming three key challenges:
- power losses
- EMI
- harmonics
Random pulse-width modulation (RPWM) is a modulation technique introduced for mitigating electromagnetic interference (EMI) of power converters by spreading the energy of the noise signal over a wider bandwidth, so that there are no significant peaks of the noise. This is achieved by randomly varying the main parameters of the pulse-width modulation signal.
Low-frequency electromagnetic compatibility is a specific field in the domain of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and power quality (PQ), which deals with electromagnetic interference phenomena in the frequency range between 2 kHz and 150 kHz. It is a special frequency range because it does not fit in the PQ problems, with range of up to 2 kHz, where relative levels of voltage and current can have massive impact on efficiency and integrity of electric systems, and neither in the conducted EMC range, which starts at 150 kHz and influences mainly informational systems, and already too far from radiated EMC range, which starts at 30 MHz and goes up to 1 GHz.
References
- ↑ Arrillaga, Jos (1998). "Chapter 1". High Voltage Direct Current Transmission (Second ed.). Institution of Electrical Engineers. p. 1–9. ISBN 0852969414.
- ↑ Tricoli, Pietro (Mar 2017). "Efficiency assessment of modular multilevel converters for battery electric vehicles" (PDF). IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics . 32 (3): 2041–2051. Bibcode:2017ITPE...32.2041Q. doi:10.1109/TPEL.2016.2557579. S2CID 8412590.
- ↑ Tolbert, Leon M. (Jan–Feb 1999). "Multilevel Converters for Large Electric Drives". IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 35 (1): 36–44. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.468.9074 . doi:10.1109/28.740843.
- ↑ Habib, Salman (Jan 2018). "Assessment of electric vehicles concerning impacts, charging infrastructure with unidirectional and bidirectional chargers, and power flow comparisons". Int J Energy Res. 42 (11): 3416–3441. doi: 10.1002/er.4033 . S2CID 104109087.
- ↑ Unruh, Roland; Schafmeister, Frank; Böcker, Joachim (November 30, 2020). "11kW, 70kHz LLC Converter Design with Adaptive Input Voltage for 98% Efficiency in an MMC". 2020 IEEE 21st Workshop on Control and Modeling for Power Electronics (COMPEL). pp. 1–8. doi:10.1109/COMPEL49091.2020.9265771. ISBN 978-1-7281-7160-9. S2CID 227278364 – via IEEE Xplore.
- ↑ Unruh, Roland (October 2020). "Evaluation of MMCs for High-Power Low-Voltage DC-Applications in Combination with the Module LLC-Design". 22nd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'20 ECCE Europe). doi:10.23919/EPE20ECCEEurope43536.2020.9215687. ISBN 978-9-0758-1536-8. S2CID 222223518.