Nitrosomonas halophila

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Nitrosomonas halophila
Scientific classification
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N. halophila
Binomial name
Nitrosomonas halophila
Koops et al. 2001 [1]
Type strain
Nm 1 [2]

Nitrosomonas halophila is an ammonia-oxidizing, aerobe, Gram-negative bacterium from the genus of Nitrosomonas. Nitrosomonas halophila uses the enzyme Ammonia monooxygenase. [3] [4] [5]

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<i>Nitrosomonas</i> Genus of bacteria

Nitrosomonas is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria, belonging to the Betaproteobacteria. It is one of the five genera of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and, as an obligate chemolithoautotroph, uses ammonia as an energy source and as a carbon source in presence of oxygen. Nitrosomonas are important in the global biogeochemical nitrogen cycle, since they increase the bioavailability of nitrogen to plants and in the denitrification, which is important for the release of nitrous oxide, a powerful greenhouse gas. This microbe is photophobic, and usually generate a biofilm matrix, or form clumps with other microbes, to avoid light. Nitrosomonas can be divided into six lineages: the first one includes the species Nitrosomonas europea, Nitrosomonas eutropha, Nitrosomonas halophila, and Nitrosomonas mobilis. The second lineage presents the species Nitrosomonas communis, N. sp. I and N. sp. II, meanwhile the third lineage includes only Nitrosomonas nitrosa. The fourth lineage includes the species Nitrosomonas ureae and Nitrosomonas oligotropha and the fifth and sixth lineages include the species Nitrosomonas marina, N. sp. III, Nitrosomonas estuarii and Nitrosomonas cryotolerans.

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Nitrite oxidoreductase is an enzyme involved in nitrification. It is the last step in the process of aerobic ammonia oxidation, which is carried out by two groups of nitrifying bacteria: ammonia oxidizers such as Nitrosospira, Nitrosomonas and Nitrosococcus convert ammonia to nitrite, while nitrite oxidizers such as Nitrobacter and Nitrospira oxidize nitrite to nitrate.

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Nitrosomonas communis is an ammonia-oxidizing, gram-negative, bacterium from the genus of Nitrosomonas which was isolated from the rhizoplane of the reed from a wastewater treatment plant.

Nitrosomonas eutropha is an ammonia-oxidizing, Gram-negative bacterium from the genus of Nitrosomonas.

Nitrosomonas marina is an ammonia-oxidizing, aerobe, gram-negative bacterium from the genus of Nitrosomonas.

Nitrosomonas nitrosa is an ammonia-oxidizing, aerobe, gram-negative bacterium from the genus of Nitrosomonas.

Nitrosomonas oligotropha is an ammonia-oxidizing, aerobe, gram-negative bacterium from the genus of Nitrosomonas which occurs in chloraminated drinking water systems.

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Nitrapyrin

Nitrapyrin is an organic compound with the formula ClC5H3NCCl3. It is a widely used nitrification inhibitor in agriculture as well as a soil bactericide and has been in use since 1974. Nitrapyrin was put up for review by the EPA and deemed safe for use in 2005. Since nitrapyrin is an effective nitrification inhibitor to the bacteria Nitrosomonas it has been shown to drastically the reduce NO2 emissions of soil. Nitrapyrin is a white crystalline solid with a sweet odor and is often mixed with anhydrous ammonia for application.

Nitrosomonas halophila is an ammonia-oxidizing bacterium from the genus of Nitrosomonas.

References

  1. LSPN lpsn.dsmz.de
  2. Straininfo of Nitrosomonas halophila
  3. George M. Garrity: Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology. 2. Auflage. Springer, New York 2005, Vol. 2: The Proteobacteria Part C: The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteabacteria, ISBN   0-387-24145-0
  4. NCBI Taxonomy Browser
  5. UniProt