Norma Anderson | |
---|---|
Minority Leader of the Colorado Senate | |
Acting | |
In office June 22, 2005 –August 22, 2005 | |
Preceded by | Mark Hillman |
Succeeded by | Andy McElhany |
Majority Leader of the Colorado Senate | |
In office January 8,2003 –January 7,2004 | |
Preceded by | Bill Thiebaut |
Succeeded by | Mark Hillman |
Member of the Colorado Senate | |
In office January 13,1999 –January 3,2006 | |
Preceded by | Bill Schroeder |
Succeeded by | Kiki Traylor |
Constituency | 22nd |
Majority Leader of the Colorado House of Representatives | |
In office January 1997 –January 13,1999 | |
Preceded by | Tim Foster |
Succeeded by | Doug Dean |
Member of the Colorado House of Representatives | |
In office January 14,1987 –January 13,1999 | |
Preceded by | James Moore |
Succeeded by | Rob Fairbank |
Constituency | 52nd (1987–1993) 30th (1993–1999) |
Personal details | |
Born | Elyria,Ohio,U.S. | July 6,1932
Political party | Republican (before 2021) Independent (2021–present) |
Education | University of Denver |
Norma Anderson is an American former state legislator from Colorado. [1] A Republican,she represented Jefferson County in the Colorado House of Representatives from 1987 until 1998. [2]
She served in the Colorado Senate from 1999 until 2006. [3] She was the first woman to serve as majority leader in the Colorado House and Colorado Senate. [4] A pre-school was named for her and she is a member of the Jefferson County Historical Commission Hall of Fame. [5]
She has lived in Lakewood,Colorado,and has three children. She resigned her senate seat in 2006 to spend more time with her family. [6] She was succeeded in the Senate by Kiki Traylor. [4]
An interview with her was recorded in 2011. [7]
In 2021,Anderson left the Republican Party over its support for Donald Trump. [8]
Anderson is a plaintiff on a court case ( Trump v. Anderson ) seeking to prohibit former President Trump,a candidate in the 2024 presidential election,from the Colorado ballot based on the insurrection clause of the 14th amendment to the U.S. Constitution. [9] Trump was ultimately disqualified from the Colorado Republican primary;it was the first time a presidential candidate had ever been barred from running because of the clause. [10] The court also stayed its ruling,pending review by the US Supreme Court. [10] On March 4,2024,US Supreme Court ruled that President Trump could not be disqualified by Section 3 of the 14th amendment.
The Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution provides the procedure for electing the president and vice president. It replaced the procedure in Article II,Section 1,Clause 3,under which the Electoral College originally functioned. The amendment was proposed by Congress on December 9,1803,and was ratified by the requisite three-fourths of state legislatures on June 15,1804. The new rules took effect for the 1804 presidential election and have governed all subsequent presidential elections.
The Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution was adopted on July 9,1868,as one of the Reconstruction Amendments. Usually considered one of the most consequential amendments,it addresses citizenship rights and equal protection under the law and was proposed in response to issues related to formerly enslaved Americans following the American Civil War. The amendment was bitterly contested,particularly by the states of the defeated Confederacy,which were forced to ratify it in order to regain representation in Congress. The amendment,particularly its first section,is one of the most litigated parts of the Constitution,forming the basis for landmark Supreme Court decisions such as Brown v. Board of Education (1954) regarding racial segregation,Loving v. Virginia (1967) regarding interracial marriage,Roe v. Wade (1973) regarding abortion,Bush v. Gore (2000) regarding the 2000 presidential election,Obergefell v. Hodges (2015) regarding same-sex marriage,and Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard (2023) regarding race-based college admissions. The amendment limits the actions of all state and local officials,and also those acting on behalf of such officials.
In the United States Electoral College,a faithless elector is an elector who does not vote for the candidates for U.S. President and U.S. Vice President for whom the elector had pledged to vote,and instead votes for another person for one or both offices or abstains from voting. As part of United States presidential elections,each state selects the method by which its electors are to be selected,which in modern times has been based on a popular vote in most states,and generally requires its electors to have pledged to vote for the candidates of their party if appointed. A pledged elector is only considered a faithless elector by breaking their pledge;unpledged electors have no pledge to break. The consequences of an elector voting in a way inconsistent with their pledge vary from state to state.
The Colorado Supreme Court is the highest court in the U.S. state of Colorado. Located in Denver,the court was established in 1876. It consists of a Chief Justice and six Associate Justices who are appointed by the Governor of Colorado from a list of candidates approved by a state judicial commission. Each justice faces a retention election two years after his or her appointment and every ten years thereafter,with mandatory retirement at age 72.
Claudine Schneider is an American economist and former politician who served as a Republican U.S. representative from Rhode Island. She was the first,and to date only,woman elected to Congress from Rhode Island. She is the founder of Republicans for Integrity,which describes itself as a network of "Republican former Members of Congress who feel compelled to remind Republican voters about the fundamentals of [the Republican] party and to provide the facts about incumbents' voting records."
The Constitution of the United States provides several basic requirements for eligibility to be elected to the office of President. Individual states did not introduce significant relevant legislation until the 2008 election of Barack Obama,when a controversy known as the birther movement was promoted by various conspiracy theorists. The "birthers" asserted during the 2008 presidential election campaign that Obama was not a natural-born U.S. citizen,as mandated by the Constitution,and thus was ineligible to be President of the United States,prompting several state legislatures to consider legislation aimed at requiring future presidential candidates to provide proof of citizenship by birth before being granted ballot access in their state. None of these efforts led to the passage of currently active laws.
Katrina Frye Shealy is an American politician,and a member of the South Carolina State Senate. She is a Republican but was elected as a petition candidate from District 23 in Lexington County. At the time of her election in 2012,she was the only woman in the South Carolina Senate but as of May 2023,she is now one of six women currently serving in the South Carolina State Senate.
Shenna Lee Bellows is an American politician and a non-profit executive director. On December 2,2020,the Maine Legislature elected her to serve as the 50th Maine secretary of state. She was executive director of the Holocaust and Human Rights Center of Maine between 2018 and 2020,and she served as the executive director of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) of Maine between 2005 and 2013.
An officer of the United States is a functionary of the executive or judicial branches of the federal government of the United States to whom is delegated some part of the country's sovereign power. The term officer of the United States is not a title,but a term of classification for a certain type of official.
Ashley Brooke Moody is an American attorney and politician serving as the Florida attorney general since January 2019. Moody previously served as an assistant U.S. attorney and a circuit court judge in Hillsborough County.
Jena Marie Griswold is an American attorney and politician from the state of Colorado. A Democrat,she is the 39th Colorado Secretary of State,serving since January 8,2019.
This is a timeline of major events leading up to,during,and after the 2024 United States presidential election. This will be the first presidential election to be run with population data from the 2020 census. In addition to the dates mandated by the relevant federal laws such as those in the U.S. Constitution and the Electoral Count Act,several milestones have consistently been observed since the adoption of the conclusions of the 1971 McGovern–Fraser Commission.
Presidential primaries and caucuses are being held to select delegates to the 2024 Republican National Convention to determine the party's nominee for president in the 2024 United States presidential election. The Republican primaries and caucuses have taken place or will take place in all 50 U.S. states,the District of Columbia,and five U.S. territories between January and June 2024. The 2024 Republican National Convention is scheduled to be held in July at the Fiserv Forum in Milwaukee,Wisconsin.
Donald Trump,the 45th president of the United States from 2017 to 2021,announced his campaign for a nonconsecutive second presidential term in the 2024 U.S. presidential election on November 15,2022.
The 2024 United States presidential election in Colorado is scheduled to take place on Tuesday,November 5,2024,as part of the 2024 United States elections in which all 50 states plus the District of Columbia will participate. Colorado voters will choose electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote. The state of Colorado has 10 electoral votes in the Electoral College,following reapportionment due to the 2020 United States census in which the state gained a seat.
The 2024 United States presidential election in Maine is scheduled to take place on Tuesday,November 5,2024,as part of the 2024 United States elections in which all 50 states plus the District of Columbia will participate. Maine voters will choose electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote. The state of Maine has four electoral votes in the Electoral College,following reapportionment due to the 2020 United States census in which the state neither gained nor lost a seat. Unlike all other states except Nebraska,Maine awards two electoral votes based on the statewide vote,and one vote for each congressional district. The at-large votes are expected to be contested by both parties,but are favored to be carried by the Democratic presidential candidate,having last been won by a Republican in 1988. However,the two congressional districts are expected to be split between the Democratic and Republican candidates,something that has occurred in 2016 and 2020.
The 2024 Colorado Republican presidential primary was held on March 5,2024,as part of the Republican Party primaries for the 2024 presidential election. 37 delegates to the 2024 Republican National Convention were allocated on a winner-take-most basis. The contest was held on Super Tuesday alongside primaries in 14 other states.
The 2024 Maine Republican presidential primary was held on March 5,2024,as part of the Republican Party primaries for the 2024 presidential election. 20 delegates to the 2024 Republican National Convention were allocated on a winner-take-most basis. The contest was held on Super Tuesday alongside primaries in 14 other states. This was a semi-closed primary where party members may only vote in their respective party's primary,but unenrolled voters may choose a party's primary to participate in. This change in law from Maine's previous closed primary went into effect on May 14,2022,without Gov. Janet Mills' signature.
Trump v. Anderson,No. 23-719,601 U.S. 100 (2024),is a U.S. Supreme Court case in which the Court unanimously held that states could not determine eligibility for federal office,including the presidency,under Section 3 of the Fourteenth Amendment. In December 2023,the Colorado Supreme Court rejected former president Donald Trump's presidential eligibility on the basis of his actions during the January 6 Capitol attack,adhering to the Fourteenth Amendment disqualification theory. The case was known as Anderson v. Griswold in the Colorado state courts.
Donald Trump's eligibility to run in the 2024 U.S. presidential election was the subject of dispute due to his involvement in the January 6 United States Capitol attack,through the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution's "insurrection clause",which disqualifies insurrectionists against the United States from holding office if they have previously taken an oath to support the constitution. Courts or officials in three states—Colorado,Maine,and Illinois—ruled that Trump was barred from presidential ballots. However,the Supreme Court in Trump v. Anderson (2024) reversed the ruling in Colorado on the basis that states could not enforce the insurrection clause against federal elected officials.