Nothofagus, also known as the southern beeches, is a genus of 43 species of trees and shrubs native to the Southern Hemisphere in southern South America and east and southeast Australia, New Zealand, New Guinea, and New Caledonia. The species are ecological dominants in many temperate forests in these regions. Some species are reportedly naturalised in Germany and Great Britain. The genus has a rich fossil record of leaves, cupules, and pollen, with fossils extending into the late Cretaceous period and occurring in Australia, New Zealand, Antarctica, and South America.
Nothofagus antarctica is a deciduous tree or shrub native to southern Chile and Argentina from about 36°S to Tierra del Fuego, where it grows mainly in the diminishing temperate rainforest.
Nothofagus solandri, commonly called black beech, is species of tree endemic to New Zealand. Black beech occurs on both the North and the South Island at low elevations up to the mountains. It is also known as Nothofagus solandri var.solandri. In New Zealand the taxon is often called Fuscospora solandri.
Nothofagus alessandrii, the ruil, is a species of plant in the family Nothofagaceae, commonly known as the southern beeches. It is endemic to Chile, occurring chiefly in the Chilean matorral ecoregion. It is threatened by habitat loss. The species is protected within Los Ruiles National Reserve.
Nothofagus discoidea is a species of plant in the family Nothofagaceae. It is endemic to New Caledonia.
Nothofagus nuda is a species of plant in the family Nothofagaceae. It is endemic to Papua New Guinea. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Nothofagus stylosa is a species of plant in the family Nothofagaceae. It is endemic to West Papua (Indonesia). It is a Critically Endangered species threatened by habitat loss.
Nothofagus womersleyi is a species of plant in the family Nothofagaceae. It is endemic to Kebar Valley on the Vogelkop Peninsula in West Papua (Indonesia). It is a Critically Endangered species threatened by habitat loss.
Nothofagus cliffortioides, commonly called mountain beech, is a species of Southern beech tree and is endemic to New Zealand. Mountain beech grows in mountainous regions at high elevations. In New Zealand the taxon is called Fuscospora cliffortioides. Nothofagus cliffortioides occupies a wider range of habitat than any other New Zealand tree species and it shows a corresponding range of life form, seeding habits, regenerative patterns, growth habits, growth rates, stand replacement and mortality patterns.
Nothofagus macrocarpa, commonly known as roble de Santiago or Santiago's oak, is a deciduous tree in the Nothofagaceae family that is endemic to the mountains of central Chile.
Nothofagus crenata is a species of tree in the family Nothofagaceae. It is endemic to New Guinea. It grows in lowland rain forest below 900 meters elevation.
Nothofagus flaviramea is a species of tree in the family Nothofagaceae. It is endemic to New Guinea.
Nothofagus grandis is a species of tree in the family Nothofagaceae. It is endemic to New Guinea. It grows in lower montane rain forests from 900 to 1,500 meters elevation.
Nothofagus perryi is a species of tree in the family Nothofagaceae. It is endemic to Papua New Guinea. It grows in montane rain forests from 1,500 to 2,500 meters elevation in central and southeastern Papua New Guinea.
Nothofagus pseudoresinosa is a species of tree in the family Nothofagaceae. It is endemic to Papua New Guinea. It grows in montane rain forests from 2,500 to 2,750 meters elevation in central and southeastern Papua New Guinea.
Nothofagus pullei is a species of tree in the family Nothofagaceae. It is endemic to New Guinea. It grows in montane rain forests from 2,350 to 3,200 meters elevation.
Nothofagus resinosa is a species of tree in the family Nothofagaceae. It is endemic to New Guinea. It grows in montane rain forests at around 1,560 meters elevation.
Nothofagus rubra is a species of tree in the family Nothofagaceae. It is endemic to New Guinea. It grows in montane rain forests.
Nothofagus aequilateralis is a species of tree in the family Nothofagaceae. It is endemic to New Caledonia. It grows in the southern end of the island from 160 to 1,150 meters elevation, often on ridge tops.
Nothofagus balansae is a species of tree in the family Nothofagaceae. It is endemic to New Caledonia. It grows in the southern and central portions of the island from 200 to 1,350 meters elevation.
