Oak Hill | |
   | |
| Nearest city | Linlithgo, New York |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 42°12′0″N73°50′40″W / 42.20000°N 73.84444°W Coordinates: 42°12′0″N73°50′40″W / 42.20000°N 73.84444°W |
| Area | 200 acres (81 ha) |
| Built | 1795 |
| Architectural style | Colonial Revival, Greek Revival, Federal |
| NRHP reference No. | 79001573 [1] |
| Added to NRHP | June 26, 1979 |
Oak Hill is a historic estate located at Linlithgo in Columbia County, New York.
Oak Hill was built in 1793 by John Livingston, [2] the twelfth of thirteen children born to Robert Livingston, third lord of Livingston Manor, and his wife Maria Thong (1711–1765), the granddaughter of Governor Rip Van Dam.
John Livingston was born February 21, 1750, in New York. His father expected his sons to take their place as his business agents and, like his older brothers, John was educated accordingly. He engaged in land speculation on both sides of the Hudson. [3] In 1788, he served as aide-de-camp to Brigadier General George Clinton. [4]
In his will, Robert Livingston, who died in 1790, devised his land lying east of the Post Road to four of his sons, Walter, Robert C., Henry, and John, each receiving about 28,000 acres; each received also a part of the domain to the west of that road. Originally the land was covered with timber, principally pine and oak. John settled a little south of Johnstown, now known as Livingston, which was named after him, and there built the house afterwards occupied by Philip L. Hoffman, grandfather of the late Governor Hoffman; later it was the home of John's younger brother Hendrick "Henry" (1752–1823). After John sold that property to Mr. Hoffman he moved to Oak Hill. In 1787, John Livingston served as supervisor of the Town of Livingston. [5]
John Livingston married Maria Ann Leroy, daughter of Jacob Leroy and Cornelia Rutgers. His second wife was his first cousin, Catherine (Livingston) Ridley, the daughter of his uncle William Livingston, and the widow of Matthew Ridley. The wedding took place in November 1796 at Government House (New York City), the then residence of Governor John Jay, [6] who was married to Catherine's elder sister Sarah. [7] Livingston died at his Oak Hill estate at the age of seventy-two on October 24, 1822, and is buried in the Linlithgo Reformed Church Cemetery.
The home remains in the Livingston family and is used as a wedding venue. [7]
John Livingston chose the northwest corner of Livingston Manor as the site for his house, and chose the location after climbing an Oak tree to witness the stunning views.
It is a 2+1⁄2-story, brick rectangular block with a smooth surface in the Federal style. Late-19th-century additions and alterations include the mansard roof and cornice, front porch, and kitchen wing. Also on the property are a carriage house (c. 1900), garage (c. 1924), two former equipment storage buildings (c. 1900), corncrib (c. 1900), and a small residence / carpentry shop (c. 1800). Also on the estate are a Colonial Revival style gatehouse (1900), the Caperus Cole house (1778) with later Greek Revival style details, a barn (1801), the Robert Evans house (c. 1890), Studley house (1780), and Gavigan house (c. 1890). [8]
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. [1]
Clermont is a town in Columbia County, New York, United States. The population was 1,965 at the 2010 census. The name of the town is French for "Clear Mountain", in reference to the mountain views in the town.
Livingston is a town in Columbia County, New York, United States. The population was 3,628 at the 2020 census. The town is named after its founding father.
Robert Livingston was the third and final Lord of Livingston Manor and a member of the assembly for the manor from 1737 to 1790. He was also U.S. Secretary of Foreign Affairs from 1781–1783.
Robert Livingston the Elder was a Scottish-born merchant and government official in the Province of New York. He was granted a patent to 160,000 acres of land along the Hudson River, becoming the first lord of Livingston Manor.
Philip Livingston was an American merchant, politician and slave trader from New York City. He represented New York at the October 1774 First Continental Congress, where he favored imposing economic sanctions upon Great Britain as a way of pressuring the British Parliament to repeal the Intolerable Acts. Livingston was also a delegate to the Second Continental Congress from 1775 to 1778, and signed the Declaration of Independence, thus becoming one of the Founding Fathers of the United States.
William Alexander, also known as Lord Stirling, was a Scottish-American major general during the American Revolutionary War. He was considered male heir to the Scottish title of Earl of Stirling through Scottish lineage, and he sought the title sometime after 1756. His claim was initially granted by a Scottish court in 1759; however, the House of Lords ultimately overruled Scottish law and denied the title in 1762. He continued to hold himself out as "Lord Stirling" regardless.
Walter Livingston was an American merchant, lawyer and politician.
Livingston Manor was a 160,000-acre (65,000 ha) tract of land in the Province of New York granted to Robert Livingston the Elder during the reign of George I of Great Britain.
The Clermont State Historic Site, also known as the Clermont estate, the Clermont Manor or just Clermont, is a New York State Historic Site in southwestern Columbia County, New York, United States. It protects the former estate of the Livingston family, seven generations of whom lived on the site over more than two centuries.
Thomas Tillotson was an American physician and politician.
Robert Le Roy Livingston was a United States representative from New York.
The Hudson River Historic District, also known as Hudson River Heritage Historic District, is the largest Federally designated district on the mainland of the contiguous United States. It covers an area of 22,205 acres extending inland roughly a mile (1.6 km) from the east bank of the Hudson River between Staatsburg and Germantown in Dutchess and Columbia counties in the U.S. state of New York. This area includes the riverfront sections of the towns of Clermont, Red Hook, Rhinebeck and part of Hyde Park. This strip includes in their entirety the hamlets of Annandale, Barrytown, Rhinecliff and the village of Tivoli. Bard College and two protected areas, Margaret Lewis Norrie State Park and Tivoli Bays Unique Area, are also within the district.
The Livingston family of New York is a prominent family that migrated from Scotland to the Dutch Republic, and then to the Province of New York in the 17th century. Descended from the 4th Lord Livingston, its members included signers of the United States Declaration of Independence and the United States Constitution. Several members were Lords of Livingston Manor and Clermont Manor, located along the Hudson River in 18th-century eastern New York.
Wildercliff is a privately owned estate on Mill Road, in Rhinebeck in Dutchess County, New York. It was the home of noted Methodist circuit rider Freeborn Garrettson and his wife, Catherine Livingston, of the Clermont Livingstons. It may be included in the Hudson River Historic District.
Barrytown is a hamlet within the town of Red Hook in Dutchess County, New York, United States. It is within the Hudson River Historic District, a National Historic Landmark, and contains four notable Hudson River Valley estates: Edgewater, Massena, Rokeby, and Sylvania.
Teviotdale is a historic home located at Linlithgo in Columbia County, New York. It was built about 1773 by Walter Livingston (1740–1797). It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.
The Roeliff Jansen Kill is a major tributary to the Hudson River. Roeliff Jansen Kill was the traditional boundary between the Native American Mahican and Wappinger tribes.
Grasmere is a national historic district and estate located at Rhinebeck, Dutchess County, New York. It was built by Janet Livingston Montgomery, widow of General Richard Montgomery.
Locusts on Hudson is a 76-acre (31 ha) estate in Staatsburg, New York, owned by hotelier André Balazs. The property has both an operating farm and manor. The historic estate now acts as an events venue due in part to its naturalistic landscape. A portion of the produce and animals of the farm are sent to The Standard Grill, The Standard, High Line Hotel, and Narcissa at The Standard, East Village Hotel, also owned by Balazs, in New York City, New York. Designed by architect John Churchill in the early 1940s, the estate's manor is of a neo-baroque style. Beside the manor, there are many grey and white antique remnants of dairy barns on the property.
Ferncliff Farm was an estate established in the mid 19th century by William Backhouse Astor Jr. (1829–1892) in Rhinebeck, New York. Not far from his mother's estate of Rokeby, where he had spent summers, Ferncliff was a working farm with dairy and poultry operations, as well as stables where he bred horses. In 1902, his son and heir John Jacob Astor IV commissioned Stanford White to design a large sports pavilion, which included one of the first indoor pools in the United States. The sports pavilion was later converted into a residence for his son, Vincent Astor.
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