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Djibouti is a country in the Horn of Africa bordered by Somalia to the southeast, Eritrea and the Red Sea to the north and northwest, Ethiopia to the west and south, and the Gulf of Aden to the east.
Politics of Djibouti takes place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the executive power is exercised by the President and the Government. Legislative power is vested in both the Government and the National Assembly. The party system and legislature are dominated by the socialist People's Rally for Progress. In April 2010, a new constitutional amendment was approved. The President serves as both the head of state and head of government, and is directly elected for single six-year term. Government is headed by the President, who appoints the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers on the proposal of the latter. There is also a 65-member chamber of deputies, where representatives are popularly elected for terms of five years. Administratively, the country is divided into five regions and one city, with eleven additional district subdivisions. Djibouti is also part of various international organisations, including the United Nations and Arab League.
Ismaïl Omar Guelleh is the current President of Djibouti. He has been in office since 1999, making him one of the longest-serving rulers in Africa. He is often referred to by his initials, IOG.
Dileita Mohamed Dileita is a Djiboutian politician who was the prime minister of Djibouti from 7 March 2001 to 1 April 2013. He was vice-president of the People's Rally for Progress (RPP), the governing political party, until 2012. He also served as president of the Union for the Presidential Majority (UMP), the governing coalition. He was elected President of the National Assembly on 5 March 2023.
The People's Rally for Progress is a political party in Djibouti. It has dominated politics in the country since 1979, initially under the rule of President Hassan Gouled Aptidon. Today it is led by President Ismaïl Omar Guelleh and is in a coalition government with Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy (FRUD) and other parties. The RPP tends to hold more influence among the Issa population.
Hassan Gouled Aptidon was the first President of Djibouti from 1977 to 1999.
Barkat Gourad Hamadou was the Prime Minister of Djibouti from 2 October 1978 until 7 March 2001.
The Social Democratic People's Party is a centre-left, social democratic political party, in Djibouti, founded in 2002 and led by Moumin Bahdon Farah. It is part of the governing coalition, the Union for a Presidential Majority (UMP).
The Dir is one of the largest and most prominent Somali clans in the Horn of Africa. They are also considered to be the oldest Somali stock to have inhabited the region. Its members inhabit Djibouti, Somalia, Ethiopia, and northeastern Kenya.
Aden Robleh Awaleh (1941 – 31 October 2014) was a Djiboutian politician and President of the National Democratic Party (PND). He was a member of the National Assembly of Djibouti.
The Djiboutian Civil War was a conflict in Djibouti, lasting from 1991 to 1994 and resulting in thousands of fatalities. The uneven power sharing between the Issas and the Afars led to the Civil War that ravaged the country for three years.
Arrawelo or Arraweelo ', also known as Ebla Awad, was a proto-Somali Queen in traditional folklore. There is no solid evidence of her existence other than testimony.
Ahmed-Idriss Moussa is a Djiboutian politician who served in the French National Assembly from 1962 to 1967. An independent, he was the main opposition candidate in the 1999 presidential election against President Ismaïl Omar Guelleh.
Omar Farah Iltireh is a politician of the French Territory of the Afars and the Issas, (TAFI) which became the Republic of Djibouti in 1977. He died in France on May 6, 2008.
The issue of human rights in Djibouti, a small country situated within the Horn of Africa, is a matter of concern for several human rights organizations.
Mohamed Warsama Ragueh is a Djiboutian lawyer and former judge. He was the president of the Constitutional Council and a candidate in the 2011 presidential election. He could only secure 19% of the vote losing to Ismail Omar Guelleh who won 80% of the votes. Djibouti's opposition coalitions boycotted the election, saying it would not be free and fair, leaving only President Guelleh and Ragueh, who had served as President of Djibouti's Constitutional Council in 2005. Ragueh complained about irregularities in the voting.
The Party of Popular Movement was a political party of French Somaliland and the French Territory of the Afars and the Issas.
Amb. Aden Sheikh Hassan or Aden Sheikh Hassan Nuriye also referred to as His ExcellenyH.E Aden Sheikh,was a prominent ambassador for Djibouti. Aden Sheikh Hassan was 1 of the 3 ambassadorial brothers from Ethiopia, Djibouti and Somalia, all ethnic Somalis, the other 2 brothers were Mohamed Sheikh Hassan and Ismail Sheikh Hassan, all from the same prominent family. The first time in history 3 Somali brothers managed to become ambassadors in 3 neighboring countries.
Kadra Mahamoud Haid is a Djiboutian politician, political advisor, and First Lady of Djibouti since 1999. She is the wife of President Ismaïl Omar Guelleh
Presidential elections were held in Djibouti on 9 April 2021. Incumbent president Ismaïl Omar Guelleh was re-elected for his fifth five-year term, having served in the role since 1999. Most of the opposition boycotted the election.
References
- ↑ "Dr. Omar Osman Rabeh: A Somali Hero in a nation lacking Heroes". 14 June 2013.
- 1 2 Alwan, Daoud Aboubaker; Mibrathu, Yohanis (1 January 2000). Historical Dictionary of Djibouti. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 9780810838734.
- ↑ Voir le site du SUDOC. Archived 28 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ "Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche de Djibouti". www.cerd.dj. Retrieved 12 March 2022.
- ↑ "Results for 'au:Rabeh, Omar Osman,' [WorldCat.org]". www.worldcat.org. Retrieved 12 March 2022.
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