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The politics of Tuvalu takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic monarchy,whereby the monarch is the head of state,represented by the governor-general,while the prime minister is the head of government. Executive power is exercised by the government.
From 1916 to 1975,Tuvalu was part of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands colony of the United Kingdom. A referendum was held in 1974 to determine whether the Gilbert Islands and Ellice Islands should each have their own administration. As a consequence of the referendum,the separate British colonies of Kiribati and Tuvalu were formed. Tuvalu became fully independent as a sovereign state within the Commonwealth on 1 October 1978. On 5 September 2000,Tuvalu became the 189th member of the United Nations.
The prime minister of Tuvalu is the head of government of Tuvalu. According to Tuvalu's constitution,the prime minister must always be a member of the parliament and is elected by parliament in a secret ballot. Because there are no political parties in Tuvalu,any member of parliament can be nominated for the role. This person is the prime minister of Tuvalu.
Maatia Toafa OBE is a Tuvaluan politician,representing Nanumea,who served two non-consecutive terms as Prime Minister of Tuvalu. He first served as prime minister,and foreign minister,from 2004 to 2006,from the resignation of his predecessor,Saufatu Sopoanga,until the defeat of his Cabinet in the 2006 general election. From 2004 to 2006 he also held the role of foreign minister.
Tuvalu elects a legislature on a national level. The Parliament of Tuvalu has 16 members,elected for a four-year term in 8 double-seat constituencies. Tuvalu is a de facto non-partisan democracy since it does not have political parties. The political system is based on personal alliances and loyalties derived from clan and family connections. It does tend to have both a distinct government and a distinct opposition. The 16 members of the current parliament are elected from eight two-seat constituencies via plurality block voting.
Seve Paeniu is a Tuvaluan politician. Paeniu was elected to the Parliament of Tuvalu in the 2019 Tuvaluan general election to represent the Nukulaelae electorate. He was appointed as the Minister of Finance in the Natano Ministry.
The Parliament of Tuvalu is the unicameral national legislature of Tuvalu. The place at which the parliament sits is called the Vaiaku maneapa. The maneapa on each island is an open meeting place where the chiefs and elders deliberate and make decisions.
Apisai Ielemia was a Tuvaluan politician. He served as the tenth Prime Minister of Tuvalu from 2006 to 2010,and also held the role as Foreign Minister. He was returned as a member of parliament in the 2010 Tuvaluan general election. He was re-elected to parliament in the 2015 Tuvaluan general election. On 5 October 2016 Chief Justice Sweeney of the High Court of Tuvalu declared that Ielemia’s parliamentary seat was vacant as he was not qualified to be a member of parliament,as the consequence of the short time the opposition MP served time in jail following his conviction on 6 May 2016 in the Magistrate’s Court of charges of abuse of office during the final year of his term as prime minister. The abuse of office charges related to payments deposited into a National Bank of Tuvalu personal account. The 5 October 2016 decision of the Chief Justice was controversial as it appeared to contradict the June 2016 decision of Justice Norman Franzi of the High Court of Tuvalu that had quashed Ielemia’s conviction and acquitted him of the abuse of office charges. The appeal to the High Court held that the conviction was "manifestly unsafe," with the court quashing the 12-month jail term.
Kausea Natano is a politician who served as the Prime Minister of Tuvalu from 19 September 2019 to 26 February 2024. He represented Funafuti as a Member of Parliament. He was first elected in the 2002 Tuvaluan general election and served as an MP until he was unseated in the 2024 Tuvaluan general election.
Enele Sosene Sopoaga PC is a Tuvaluan diplomat and politician who was Prime Minister of Tuvalu from 2013 to 2019.
The Cabinet of Tuvalu is the executive branch of the government of Tuvalu.
Tuvalu is a small island nation in the South Pacific,located North of Fiji and North West of Samoa. The population at the 2012 census was 10,837. Tuvalu has a written constitution which includes a statement of rights influenced by the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the European Convention on Human Rights. While most human rights in Tuvalu are respected,areas of concern include women’s rights and freedom of belief,as well as diminishing access to human rights in the face of global warming. The latter has played a major role in the implementation of human rights actions in Tuvalu given its geographical vulnerability and scarce resources.
The Ielemia Ministry was the 11th ministry of the Government of Tuvalu,led by Prime Minister Apisai Ielemia. It succeeded the First Toafa Ministry following the 2006 election,but was voted out of office after the 2010 election and was succeeded by the Second Toafa Ministry,led by Maatia Toafa.
Puakena Boreham is a medical practitioner (anaesthetist) who became a Tuvaluan politician,when she was elected to represent Nui in the 2015 Tuvaluan general election. She was not re-elected in the 2024 Tuvaluan general election.
Simon Kofe is a Tuvaluan politician. He was appointed as the Minister for Justice,Communication &Foreign Affairs,in the cabinet of Kausea Natano following the 2019 Tuvaluan general election.
The Natano Ministry was the 15th ministry of the Government of Tuvalu,led by Prime Minister Kausea Natano. It succeeded the Sopoaga Ministry upon its swearing in by the acting Governor-General,Mrs. Teniku Talesi Honolulu,on 18 September 2019.
Diplomatic relations between Australia and Tuvalu were established in 1978,with the independence of Tuvalu,and both countries are members of the Commonwealth of Nations which share a head of state,King Charles III. Australia has had a High Commission in Funafuti since 2018. Tuvalu is not currently represented in Australia at the high commissioner or consular level.
General elections were held in Tuvalu on 26 January 2024. There are no political parties in Tuvalu and all candidates run as independents.
References
- ↑ "Toafa wins Tuvalu's prime ministership for second time". Radio New Zealand. 29 September 2010. Retrieved 10 February 2024.
- 1 2 "MFAT Document Schedule Pacific Islands Forum Foreign Ministers' Meeting" (PDF). Ministry of Foreign Affairs & Trade of New Zealand. 14 September 2023. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
- 1 2 Marinaccio, Jess (10 February 2024). "Tuvalu's 2024 general election: a new political landscape". PolicyDevBlog. Retrieved 26 January 2024.
- ↑ "Pacific news in brief: Tuvalu - minister resigns". Radio New Zealand. 31 July 2023. Retrieved 10 February 2024.
- ↑ Wright, Stephen (30 July 2023). "Pacific climate campaigner resigns as Tuvalu foreign minister". Benar News. Retrieved 10 February 2024.
- ↑ "Australia-Tuvalu Falepili Union treaty". Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
- ↑ Daniel Hurst and Josh Butler. "Australia to offer residency to Tuvalu citizens displaced by climate change". The Guardian Australia. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
- ↑ "Tuvalu general election: Six newcomers in parliament". Radio New Zealand . 29 January 2024. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
- ↑ "Cabinet lineup of new Tuvalu government unveiled". Radio New Zealand. 28 February 2024. Retrieved 26 February 2024.
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