Patella aspera

Last updated

Patella aspera
Patella aspera 01.JPG
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Phylum:
Class:
(unranked):
Superfamily:
Family:
Genus:
Species:
P. aspera
Binomial name
Patella aspera
Röding, 1798

Patella aspera is a species of limpet, a type of sea snail in the family Patellidae. Long considered to be a subspecies of Patella ulyssiponensis , genetic evidence supports its recognition as a separate species. [1] It is native to Macaronesia. [1] It is known by the common name Azorean limpet, and its local name is lapa brava. [2]

Contents

Description

Patella aspera has a pentagonal, flattened shell with deeply indented margins. It is sculpted with numerous, semi-regular furrows that radiate from the apex, which is slightly forward of the central point. The exterior of the shell is light brown and the interior is white to bluish-white, delimited by a brown band. The mantle is edged with translucent tentacles and the foot is yellow or orange. This limpet has a maximum length of about 8 cm (3 in) and a lifespan of eight years for females and nine years for males. [3]

Distribution

Patella aspera is native to the eastern Atlantic Ocean. It is common in the Azores and the coast of Portugal. Its most northerly limit is northern Scotland, [4] and its easternmost limit is the Isle of Wight. [5] It occurs on rocks and in rock pools in the littoral zone. [4]

Ecology

This species lives on rocks in the shallow sublittoral and intertidal zones. It is a keystone species which is of ecological importance as a grazer. [2] Breeding takes place all year round, with a peak of activity in the winter, from January to April. [3]

It is collected for food. Overharvesting is the main threat to the species, which has faced population declines and collapse of its fishery. Harvest has been banned in some areas. [2] Overharvest is particularly damaging to the species because larger individuals are targeted, and these are more likely to be female. The species is protandric, with individuals being born male and often becoming female with age. The loss of the individuals that grow large enough to turn female leaves the population without enough breeding females. [6]

Related Research Articles

<i>Patella pellucida</i> Species of mollusc

Patella pellucida, common name the blue-rayed limpet, is a species of small saltwater limpet, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Patellidae, the true limpets.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Patellogastropoda</span> Clade of gastropods

The Patellogastropoda, common name true limpets and historically called the Docoglossa, are members of a major phylogenetic group of marine gastropods, treated by experts either as a clade or as a taxonomic order.

<i>Crepidula fornicata</i> Species of gastropod

Crepidula fornicata is a species of medium-sized sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Calyptraeidae, the slipper snails and cup and saucer snails. It has many common names, including common slipper shell, common Atlantic slippersnail, boat shell, quarterdeck shell, fornicating slipper snail, Atlantic slipper limpet and it is in Britain as the "common slipper limpet".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bursidae</span> Family of gastropods

The Bursidae, common name "frog snails" or "frog shells", are a rather small taxonomic family of large sea snails, marine gastropod predatory snails in the clade Littorinimorpha.

<i>Patella vulgata</i> Species of gastropod

Patella vulgata, common name the common limpet or common European limpet is a species of sea snail. It is a typical true limpet; a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Patellidae, with gills. This species occurs in the waters of Western Europe.

<i>Patella</i> (gastropod) Genus of gastropods

Patella is a genus of sea snails with gills, typical true limpets, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Patellidae, the true limpets.

<i>Diodora graeca</i> Species of gastropod

Diodora graeca, the Greek keyhole limpet, is a sea snail or limpet, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Fissurellidae, the keyhole limpets.

<i>Lottia gigantea</i> Species of gastropod

Lottia gigantea, common name the owl limpet, is a species of sea snail, a true limpet, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Lottiidae. Its genome has been sequenced at the Joint Genome Institute.

<i>Cymbula adansonii</i> Species of gastropod

Cymbula adansonii is a species of sea snail, a true limpet, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Patellidae. It is one of the several families of true limpets. Marine gastropods, colloquially classified as snails and slugs, encompass the entire class of invertebrates in the Mollusca phylum. True limpets, are pelagic snails within the Patellidae family.

<i>Patella caerulea</i> Species of gastropod

Patella caerulea, is a species of limpet in the family Patellidae. It is known by the common names Mediterranean limpet and rayed Mediterranean limpet. It is native to the Mediterranean Sea.

<i>Patella candei</i> Species of gastropod

Patella candei, also known as the sun limpet, is a species of sea snail, a true limpet, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Patellidae, one of the families of true limpets.

<i>Patella ferruginea</i> Species of gastropod

Patella ferruginea, commonly known as the ribbed Mediterranean limpet, is a species of sea snail, a true limpet, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Patellidae, one of the families of true limpets. It is a large limpet, native to the western Mediterranean Sea, and although common in the past, it is now rare and restricted to only a few locations.

<i>Patella ulyssiponensis</i> Species of gastropod

Patella ulyssiponensis, common name the rough limpet, or China limpet is a species of sea snail, a true limpet, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Patellidae, one of the families of true limpets. Despite its common name, the China limpet is found throughout the Eastern North Atlantic and the Mediterranean.

<i>Scutellastra cochlear</i> Species of gastropod

Scutellastra cochlear is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Patellidae, one of the families of true limpets. It is commonly known as the snail patella, the pear limpet or the spoon limpet and is native to South Africa. It often grows in association with the crustose coralline alga Spongites yendoi and a filamentous red alga which it cultivates in a garden. It was first described by the malacologist Ignaz von Born in 1778 as Patella cochlear.

<i>Diodora aspera</i> Species of gastropod

Diodora aspera, also known as the rough keyhole limpet, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Fissurellidae, the keyhole limpets. Although similar in appearance to a common limpet, it has a hole near the apex of its shell, and is only distantly related. It often has a scaled polychaete worm Arctonoe vittata living inside its shell as a commensal. In the event that it is attacked by a starfish, it extends flaps of mantle to defend itself, and the worm also helps drive the predator away.

<i>Emarginula fissura</i> Species of gastropod

Emarginula fissura, the common slit limpet, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Fissurellidae, the keyhole limpets.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Monchique Islet</span> Island in the Azores, Portugal

Monchique Islet is a small uninhabited islet off the coast of the island of Flores, west of the village of Fajã Grande, in the western part of the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores. It is the westernmost point of Portugal and, if considered part of Europe, is Europe's westernmost point as well.

Cymbula sanguinans, the giant pinkray limpet, is a species of giant limpet, a marine mollusc in the family Patellidae. It is native to the coast of South Africa. At one time thought to be a subspecies of Cymbula miniata, molecular analysis has shown C. sanguinans warrants being treated as a full species, despite there being no obvious morphological differences between the two. This makes difficult the task of deciding which of the previous research studies refer to C. sanguinans, and which refer to C. miniata.

References

  1. 1 2 Weber, L. I., and S. J. Hawkins. (2005). Patella aspera and P. ulyssiponensis: genetic evidence of speciation in the North-east Atlantic. Marine Biology 147(1) 153–162.
  2. 1 2 3 Background document for Azorean limpet, Patella aspera. OSPAR Convention Biodiversity Series 2010.
  3. 1 2 Sousa, Ricardo; Delgado, João; Pinto, Ana Rita; Henriques, Paulo (2017). "Growth and reproduction of the north-eastern Atlantic keystone species Patella aspera (Mollusca: Patellogastropoda)". Helgoland Marine Research. 71 (8). doi: 10.1186/s10152-017-0488-9 .
  4. 1 2 C.H.R. Heip; B.F. Keegan; J.R. Lewis (2012). Long-Term Changes in Coastal Benthic Communities: Proceedings of a Symposium, held in Brussels, Belgium, December 1985. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 41–57. ISBN   978-94-009-4049-9.
  5. "Sheppey Cliffs and Foreshore citation" (PDF). Sites of Special Scientific Interest. Natural England. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  6. Faria, J., et al. (2015). A new multiplexed microsatellite tool for metapopulation studies in the overexploited endemic limpet Patella aspera (Röding, 1798). Animal Genetics, 46(1), 96–97.