Phlomis

Last updated

Phlomis
Phlomis0 KS.jpg
Phlomis fruticosa
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Subfamily: Lamioideae
Genus: Phlomis
L. (1753)
Species

100+, see text

Synonyms [1]
  • AnemitisRaf. (1837)
  • BeloakonRaf. (1837)
  • BlephilomaRaf. (1837)
  • HersiliaRaf. (1837)
Phlomis armeniaca Phlomis armeniaca kz01.jpg
Phlomis armeniaca
Phlomis tuberosa Phlomis tuberosa sl22.jpg
Phlomis tuberosa

Phlomis is a genus of over 100 species [2] of herbaceous plants, subshrubs and shrubs in the mint family Lamiaceae, native from the Mediterranean region east across central Asia to China. [3]

Contents

The name Phlomis derives from a Greek word for "flame", and may refer to the leaves' use in ancient times as lamp wicks. [4] Common names include Jerusalem sage and lampwick plant.

Description

The overall size varies between species from 30 cm tall up to 2 m tall (12–79 in). The leaves are entire, opposite and decussate (each leaf pair at right angles to the next) and rugose or reticulate veined. The bracts (floral leaves) are similar or different from the lower leaves. All parts are frequently covered with hairs. The bracteoles are ovate, lanceolate or linear. The flowers are arranged in whorls called verticillasters which encircle the stems. The stems are usually square in section with rounded corners, although tomentum on the stems can make them appear circular. The colour of the flowers varies from yellow to pink, purple and white. The calyx is tubular or campanulate with five or ten veins visible. Five teeth, either all equal or with the outer two longer than the others. The upper lip is hood shaped and laterally compressed (P. tuberosa, however, has an uncompressed lip with a dense bearded edge). The lower lip is trifid, the central lobe being larger than the lateral ones. There are four stamens ascending under the upper lip. Anther with forked end, the upper fork being shorter than the lower. The fruits are four three-sided nutlets, and sometimes topped with hair, sometimes glabrous. The root system can be very extensive; roots of 6-week-old seedlings have been measured at 0.7 m.

Phlomis species are the only host plants of the moths Coleophora phlomidella and C. phlomidis .

Systematics

The following species belong to genus Phlomis, but some of them are now distributed in the genus Phlomoides . [1] [2] [5]

Phlomis

Phlomoides

Related Research Articles

<i>Nepeta</i> Genus of flowering plants, known for effect on cats (catnip) in the mint family (Lamiaceae)

Nepeta is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae. The genus name, from Latin nepeta (“catnip”), is reportedly in reference to Nepete, an ancient Etruscan city. There are about 250 species.

<i>Satureja</i> Genus of flowering plants

Satureja is a genus of aromatic plants of the family Lamiaceae, related to rosemary and thyme. It is native to North Africa, southern and southeastern Europe, the Middle East, and Central Asia. A few New World species were formerly included in Satureja, but they have all been moved to other genera. Several species are cultivated as culinary herbs called savory, and they have become established in the wild in a few places.

<i>Dracocephalum</i> Genus of flowering plants

Dracocephalum is a genus of about 60 to 70 species of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. These flowers, collectively called dragonhead, are annual or perennial herbaceous plants or subshrubs, growing to 15 to 90 centimeters tall.

<i>Trigonella</i> Genus of Fabaceae plants

Trigonella is a genus from the family Fabaceae. The best known member is the herb fenugreek. Members of the genus occur naturally in the Canary Islands, southern Europe, non‑tropical Africa, western and central Asia, the Indian subcontinent, and Australia.

<i>Aethionema</i> Genus of flowering plants

Aethionema is a genus of flowering plants within the family Brassicaceae. They are known as stonecresses. Stonecresses originate from sunny limestone mountainsides in Europe and West Asia, especially Turkey.

<i>Hedysarum</i> Genus of legumes

Hedysarum (sweetvetch) is a genus of the botanical family Fabaceae, consisting of about 200 species of annual or perennial herbs in Asia, Europe, North Africa, and North America.

<i>Alkanna</i> Genus of flowering plants in the borage family Boraginaceae

Alkanna is a genus of herbaceous plants including about 60 species of the family Boraginaceae.

<i>Pimpinella</i> Genus of flowering plants in the celery family Apiaceae

Pimpinella is a plant genus in the family Apiaceae; it includes the aromatic herb anise (P. anisum).

<i>Phlomoides</i> Genus of flowering plants in the sage family Lamiaceae

Phlomoides, also called Jerusalem sage and Lampwick plant, is a genus of over 130 species of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae, native from the Mediterranean region east across central Asia to China. Phlomoides now comprises the former Notochaete hamosa, many former species of the genera Phlomis and Eremostachys and all of Lamiophlomis and Pseuderemostachys.

References

  1. 1 2 Phlomis L. Plants of the World Online . Retrieved 19 March 2024.
  2. 1 2 Phlomis. Flora of China.
  3. ↑ Taylor, Jim Mann (1998). Phlomis: the neglected genus. A guide for gardeners and horticulturists. National Council for the Conservation of Plants and Gardens (NCCPG), Great Britain. Westbury-on-Severn: J.M. Taylor. ISBN   0-9532413-0-0. OCLC   40499720.
  4. ↑ Coombes, A. J. (2012). The A to Z of Plant Names . USA: Timber Press. pp.  312.
  5. ↑ GRIN Species Records of Phlomis. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.