Pittenweem Parish Church and Tolbooth Steeple

Pittenweem Parish Church and Tolbooth Steeple
Pittenweem Parish Church and Tolbooth Steeple
Location	High Street, Pittenweem
Coordinates	56°12′50″N2°43′43″W / 56.2138°N 2.7285°W / 56.2138; -2.7285 Coordinates: 56°12′50″N2°43′43″W / 56.2138°N 2.7285°W / 56.2138; -2.7285
Built	1588
Architectural style(s)	Scottish medieval style
Listed Building – Category A
Official name	Pittenweem Parish Church
Designated	18 August 1972
Reference no.	LB39868
Shown in Fife

Pittenweem Parish Church and Tolbooth Steeple is an ecclesiastical and municipal complex in the High Street, Pittenweem, Fife, Scotland. The structure, which is used as the local parish church, is a Category A listed building. ^[1]

History

The site was first occupied by the priory church of Pittenweem Priory which dated back to the 12th century. ^[2] After Pittenween became a Royal burgh in 1541, the new burgh leaders decided to commission a tolbooth on a site to the immediate west of the priory church. The new tolbooth was designed in the Scottish medieval style, built in harled rubble with sandstone dressings and was completed in 1588. The design of the tolbooth involved a four-stage tower facing down the High Street; there was a doorway in the first stage and irregularly placed narrow windows in the other three stages. A fifth stage, built in ashlar stone, with a corbelled and balustraded parapet and a spire was added in 1630. Access to the upper floors was attained by way of a circular stair turret which was erected at the north east corner of the tower. Internally, the principal rooms were the barrel vaulted prison cell on the ground floor of the tower and the council chamber on the first floor. ^[3] A bell, which was cast at Jurgen Putensen's foundry in Stockholm, was installed in the tolbooth in 1663. ^[4]

In 1704, five local women were accused of taking part in the bewitching of a teenage boy, Patrick Morton, and were incarcerated and tortured in the tolbooth. One of the accused, Janet Cornfoot, confessed after being beaten by the local Presbyterian Minister, Patrick Cowper, ^[5] then escaped and was promptly caught and crushed to death by a lynch mob. ^{[6] [7] [8]}

A new weather vane was added in 1739 and a clock, designed and manufactured by a local clockmaker, John Smith, was installed in the fifth stage of the tolbooth in 1773. ^[4] The main section of the church was rebuilt to a design by a local architect, James Brown, in 1882. ^[9] The layout of the church was orientated from southwest to northeast with a northwest transept of three-bays facing onto Marygate. The central bay of the northwest transept featured an arched doorway on the ground floor with a tri-partite mullioned window on the first floor surmounted by an oculus and a gable; the outer bays of the transept were fenestrated by bi-partite mullioned windows surmounted by smaller oculi and lower gables. ^[2]

After the tolbooth became unsuitable for use as a municipal building, a new town hall was erected in Session Street in 1940, ^[10] and the tower subsequently became an integral part of the parish church. ^[11] In July 2021, the Royal Burgh of Pittenweem and District Community Council, having secured ecclesiastical listed building consent ^[12] as well as funding by Historic Environment Scotland, initiated a programme of restoration works on the tower. ^[13]

See also

• List of listed buildings in Pittenweem, Fife
• List of Category A listed buildings in Fife

References

1. Historic Environment Scotland. "Pittenweem Parish Church (LB39868)" . Retrieved 12 August 2022.
2. "Pittenweem Parish Church". Scottish Churches. Retrieved 12 August 2022. As shown by a fragment of doorway at the east end of the north elevation
3. "Pittenweem" . Retrieved 12 August 2022.
4. Historic Environment Scotland. "Pittenweem, High Street, Parish Church and Tolbooth Steeple (34242)". Canmore . Retrieved 12 August 2022.
5. Cowan, Edward J.; Henderson, Lizanne; Goodare, Julian (2002). The Scottish Witch-Hunt in Context. Manchester University Press. p. 175. ISBN   978-0719060243.
6. Lizanne, Henderson (8 April 2016). Witchcraft and Folk Belief in Enlightenment Scotland. Palgrave MacMillan. pp. 1670–1740. ISBN   978-1137313249.
7. "Pittenweem Tolbooth". BBC. Retrieved 12 August 2022.
8. "Annals of Pittenweem: being notes and extracts from the ancient records of that burgh, 1526-1793". Anstruther: L. Russell. 1867. p. 112.
9. "Pittenweem Church". Dictionary of Scottish Architects. Retrieved 12 August 2022.
10. "Pittenweem New Town Hall". Halls Hire. Retrieved 12 August 2022.
11. "Pittenweem Conservation Area Appraisal and Conservation Area Management Plan" (PDF). Fife Council. 1 August 2013. p. 21. Retrieved 12 August 2022.
12. "Historic church spire in need of urgent work to prevent collapse". The Scotsman. 29 June 2019. Retrieved 12 August 2022.
13. "Funds to restore two historic Fife sites". Fife Today. 28 July 2021. Retrieved 12 August 2022.