Pleuronichthys

Pleuronichthys Temporal range: Late Miocene–present PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Pleuronichthys japonicus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Carangiformes
Suborder:	Pleuronectoidei
Family:	Pleuronectidae
Subfamily:	Pleuronichthyinae
Genus:	Pleuronichthys Girard, 1854
Type species
Pleuronichthys coenosus Girard, 1854
Synonyms
Heteroprosopon Bleeker, 1862 Hypsopsetta T. N. Gill, 1862 †ZororhombusJordan and Gilbert, 1920

Pleuronichthys is a genus of righteye flounders, sometimes considered a monospecific subfamily (Pleuronichthyinae), in the family Pleuronectidae found in the Pacific Ocean. ^[1]

Species

There are currently 9 recognized species in this genus: ^[2]

• Pleuronichthys coenosus Girard, 1854 (C-O sole)
• Pleuronichthys cornutus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846) (Ridge-eyed flounder) ^[3]
• Pleuronichthys decurrens D. S. Jordan & C. H. Gilbert, 1881 (Curlfin sole)
• Pleuronichthys guttulatus (Girard, 1856) (Diamond turbot)
• Pleuronichthys japonicus S. Suzuki, Kawashima & Nakabo, 2009
• Pleuronichthys macrocephalus (Breder, 1936)
• Pleuronichthys ocellatus Starks & W. F. Thompson, 1910 (Ocellated turbot)
• Pleuronichthys ritteri Starks & E. L. Morris, 1907 (Spotted turbot)
• Pleuronichthys verticalis D. S. Jordan & C. H. Gilbert, 1880 (Horny-head turbot)

One fossil species, † Pleuronichthys veliger (Jordan in Jordan & Gilbert, 1920) is known from the Late Miocene of California, US. ^[4] Fossils attributed to indeterminate species of this genus present at the mid-Miocene Duho Formation of South Korea. ^[5]

References

1. Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Pleuronichthys". FishBase . October 2016 version.
2. Fricke, Ron; Eschmeyer, William N. & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Pleuronichthys". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 23 January 2026.
3. Yokogawa, K.; Watanabe, K.-I.; Ogihara, G. (2016). "Redescriptions of two closely related East Asian flatfish species of the genus Pleuronichthys". Zootaxa. 4205 (1): 1–23. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4205.1.1. PMID   27988592.
4. D. S. Jordan and J. Z. Gilbert (1920). "Fossil Fishes of Diatom Beds of Lompoc, California". Leland Stanford Junior University Publications University Series. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.28465.
5. Ko, J.Y.; Nam, K.S. (2016). "Pleuronichthys sp. Fossils (Pleuronectidae) from the Duho Formation, Pohang Uhyeon-dong in Korea" (PDF). Journal of the Korean Earth Science Society. 37 (3): 133–142. doi:10.5467/JKESS.2016.37.3.133.