The Supreme Court of Pakistan is the apex court in the judicial hierarchy of Pakistan.
The Midnight Judges Act represented an effort to solve an issue in the U.S. Supreme Court during the early 19th century. There was concern,beginning in 1789,about the system that required the Justices of the Supreme Court to "ride circuit" and reiterate decisions made in the appellate level courts. The Supreme Court Justices had often expressed concern and suggested that the judges of the Supreme and circuit courts be divided. The Act was repealed by Congress on January 22,1802.
The Supreme Court is the highest court in the Philippines. The Supreme Court was established by the Second Philippine Commission on June 11,1901 through the enactment of its Act No. 136,an Act which abolished the Real Audiencia de Manila,the predecessor of the Supreme Court.
The Judicial Procedures Reform Bill of 1937,frequently called the "court-packing plan",was a legislative initiative proposed by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt to add more justices to the U.S. Supreme Court in order to obtain favorable rulings regarding New Deal legislation that the Court had ruled unconstitutional. The central provision of the bill would have granted the president power to appoint an additional justice to the U.S. Supreme Court,up to a maximum of six,for every member of the court over the age of 70 years.
The Supreme Court of Liberia is the highest judicial body in the West African nation of Liberia. The court consists of the Chief Justice of Liberia,who is also the top Judiciary official,and four associate justices,who are nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate. The justices hold court at the Temple of Justice on Capitol Hill in Monrovia.
The Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia is the independent judicial arm of the state. It maintains a system of courts and sits above the other courts and is the final court of appeal. It can also re-examine cases if new evidence emerges.
The Indian Judiciary is a system of courts that interpret and apply the law in the Republic of India. India uses a common law system,first introduced by the British East India Company and with influence from other colonial powers and the princely states,as well as certain practices from ancient and medieval times.
The Judicial Commission of Indonesia was established as a consequence of the third amendment to the Constitution of Indonesia ratified by the Indonesian People's Consultative Assembly on 9 November 2001. The Commission's duty is to monitor the performance of judges,advise the House of Representatives on judicial appointments and review community complaints about the behavior and fairness of presiding judges.
Wirjono Prodjodikoro was the head justice of the Indonesian Supreme Court from 1952 to 1966.
Dr. Sahardjo LL.B.,was a National Hero and Minister of Justice of Indonesia during the First,Second,and Third Working Cabinets.
Adnan Buyung Nasution,also known as Adnan Bahrum Nasution was an Indonesian lawyer,advocate,and activist.
Suryadi was a former Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Indonesia,as well as the first chairman of the Indonesian Judges Association.
Subekti (1914-1992) was the fourth Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Indonesia.
Umar Seno Aji (1915–1984) was the fifth Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Indonesia as well as the fourteenth Indonesian Minister of Law and Human Rights.
Mujono (1927–1984) was the sixth Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Indonesia as well as the 16th Minister of Law and Human Rights. His appointment to both posts began a line of former military officials predominating in Indonesia's legal system.
The Indonesian Judges Association,known locally as Ikatan Hakim Indonesia or IKAHI is an association of judicial officials in Indonesia. IKAHI's members include first-level trial judges and senior justices,as opposed to the Indonesian Judges' Forum (FDHI) which includes appeals court judges. IKAHI executive Suhadi has described the association's focus as protection of judges from threats and harassment,though judicial transparency activists have disputed this.
Suryono,also spelled Soerjono,was the ninth Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Indonesia. The reputation of the Supreme Court among legal scholars suffered under his tenure due to Suryono's tendency to reverse seemingly final decisions via what were derisively termed "magic memos," and he was generally regarded as a candidate who would maintain the Supreme Court's subordination to the executive branch. He overturned an administrative court ruling that had lifted a New Order-era ban on Tempo,a popular political commentary magazine.
Sarwata was the tenth Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Indonesia. Sarwata led an investigation by the Supreme Court into allegations of its own wrongdoing in 1996,during which his panel found no evidence of such wrongdoing. His promotion as Chief Justice thereafter was seen as a victory for the Court's old elite. He was the first Chief Justice of Indonesia to be openly accused of corruption.
The judiciary of the Philippines consists of the Supreme Court,which is established in the Constitution,and three levels of lower courts,which are established through law by the Congress of the Philippines. The Supreme Court has expansive powers,able to overrule political and administrative decisions,and with the ability to craft rules and law without precedent. It further determines the rules of procedure for lower courts,and its members sit on electoral tribunals.
The judiciary of South Korea is judicial branch of South Korean central government,established by Chapter 5 and 6 of the Constitution of South Korea.
