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Karachepone N. Ninan is an ecological economist. Dr. Ninan was born in Nairobi, Kenya where he had his early school education. Thereafter he relocated to India where he continued his high school and college education.
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Environmental conflicts or ecological distribution conflicts (EDCs) are social conflicts caused by environmental degradation or by unequal distribution of environmental resources. The Environmental Justice Atlas documented 3,100 environmental conflicts worldwide as of April 2020 and emphasised that many more conflicts remained undocumented. Parties involved in these conflicts include locally affected communities, states, companies and investors, and social or environmental movements; typically environmental defenders are protecting their homelands from resource extraction or hazardous waste disposal. Resource extraction and hazardous waste activities often create resource scarcities, pollute the environment, and degrade the living space for humans and nature, resulting in conflict. A particular case of environmental conflicts are forestry conflicts, or forest conflicts which "are broadly viewed as struggles of varying intensity between interest groups, over values and issues related to forest policy and the use of forest resources". In the last decades, a growing number of these have been identified globally.
References
- 1 2 3 "Rashid Hassan" . Retrieved 16 February 2018.
- 1 2 "Rashid Hassan". Bloomberg News . Retrieved 16 February 2018.
- ↑ Rashid Hassan; Eric Mungatana; Glenn-Marie Lange (2007). "Water accounting for the Orange River Basin: An economic perspective on managing a transboundary resource". Ecological Economics . 61 (4): 660–670. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2006.07.032.
- ↑ Rashid M. Hassan; Glenn-Marie Lange; Jaap Arntzen; Jackie Crawford; Eric Mungatana (2007). The Economics of Water Management in southern Africa: an environmental accounting approach. Edward Elgar Publishing. doi:10.4337/9781847203021. ISBN 9781843764724.
- ↑ "2019 NAS Election". National Academy of Sciences. 30 April 2019.
