Remutaka Range

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Remutaka Range
Mount Matthews.jpg
Mount Matthews, 940 metres, seen from Kelburn, Wellington
Highest point
Elevation 940 m (3,080 ft)
Geography
Location Wairarapa/Wellington, New Zealand
State Highway 2 (Rimutaka Hill Road) seen from near the top of the pass 555 metres (1,821 ft) State Highway 2 (Rimutaka Hill Road) near the top of the range..jpg
State Highway 2 (Rimutaka Hill Road) seen from near the top of the pass 555 metres (1,821 ft)

The Remutaka Range (spelled Rimutaka Range before 2017) is the southernmost range of a mountain chain in the lower North Island of New Zealand. The chain continues north into the Tararua, then Ruahine Ranges, running parallel with the east coast between Wellington and East Cape.

Contents

The 555-metre summit of the road over the range at its northern saddle is named Remutaka Pass. The pass was formally named on 17 December 2015 when the Minister of Land Information confirmed the decision of the New Zealand Geographic Board. [1] Following the passage of the Rangitāne Tū Mai Rā (Wairarapa Tamaki nui-ā-Rua) Claims Settlement Act 2017, the name of the range officially changed to Remutaka Range. [2]

Geography

The Remutaka Range runs north-east to south-west for 55 kilometres from the upper reaches of the Hutt Valley (where the range's northern saddle abuts the southern end of the Tararuas) to Turakirae Head at the western end of Palliser Bay. The highest peak is Mount Matthews, at 940 metres, near the southern end of the range.

Narrow and winding, State Highway 2 crosses the range from the Hutt Valley to Featherston at the saddle where it meets the Tararuas. At the road's summit is a lookout point where there were usually tea rooms and well-guarded facilities maintained by residents. [3] More recently there was a café. After disputes over toilets and land ownership between the then still new Greater Wellington Regional Council and a series of tenants the building sat empty, was severely damaged by fire in April 2009 [4] [5] and later demolished.

Taking a quite separate route the Wairarapa Line railway used to climb across the Remutakas, including the famous Rimutaka Incline, a rare example of the Fell mountain railway system. It opened on 12 August 1878 and closed on 30 October 1955, when it was replaced by the Rimutaka Tunnel. The former route is now the popular Remutaka Rail Trail and part of the Remutaka Cycle Trail. [6] The Rimutaka Incline Railway Heritage Trust has plans to rebuild the railway from Maymorn, including the Incline, as a tourist and historical attraction. [7]

History

World War I soldiers resting at the top of the Rimutaka hill road. On completing training at Featherston they marched over the hill to Wellington to board ship for France's trenches. Soldiers on the rimutaka hill road.jpg
World War I soldiers resting at the top of the Rimutaka hill road. On completing training at Featherston they marched over the hill to Wellington to board ship for France's trenches.

During World War I over 30,000 New Zealand soldiers marched between military camps at Trentham, Upper Hutt and Featherston via the Rimutaka Hill Road, in a three-day trek of 27 miles (43.5 km). There were 23 marches of 500 to 1800 men between September 1915 and April 1918, at the end of their training as reinforcements for the New Zealand Expeditionary Force. The march was re-enacted in 2015. [8]

Conservation

Much of the range is protected as the Remutaka Forest Park and Wainuiomata Water Collection Area.

Abbots Creek toll-bridge on the Rimutaka road in 1875 Abbots creek toll bridge on the rimutaka road.jpg
Abbots Creek toll-bridge on the Rimutaka road in 1875

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Upper Hutt</span> City in Wellington Region, New Zealand

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wairarapa</span> Geographical region of New Zealands North Island

The Wairarapa, a geographical region of New Zealand, lies in the south-eastern corner of the North Island, east of metropolitan Wellington and south-west of the Hawke's Bay Region. It is lightly populated, having several rural service towns, with Masterton being the largest. It is named after its largest lake, Lake Wairarapa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kaitoke</span>

Kaitoke, part of Upper Hutt City, is a locality in the southern North Island of New Zealand. It is located at the northern end of the Hutt Valley, 45 kilometres northeast of Wellington City and six kilometres from the northern end of the Upper Hutt urban area. It also lies at the southern end of the Tararua Ranges.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rimutaka Incline</span>

The Rimutaka Incline was a 3-mile-long (4.8 km), 3 ft 6 in gauge railway line on an average grade of 1-in-15 using the Fell system between Summit and Cross Creek stations on the Wairarapa side of the original Wairarapa Line in the Wairarapa district of New Zealand. The term "Rimutaka Incline" is sometimes used incorrectly to refer to other parts or all of the closed and deviated section of the Wairarapa Line between Upper Hutt and Speedy's Crossing, near Featherston. The incline formation is now part of the Remutaka Rail Trail.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Remutaka Tunnel</span> Railway Tunnel In New Zealand

The Remutaka Tunnel is a railway tunnel through New Zealand's Remutaka Range, between Maymorn, near Upper Hutt, and Featherston, on the Wairarapa Line.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NZR H class</span>

The NZR H class steam locomotive was a unique class of Fell locomotive used by New Zealand Railways (NZR) on the Rimutaka Incline, the 3-mile (4.8 km) section of 1 in 15 gradient between Cross Creek and Summit, over the Rimutaka Ranges.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wairarapa Line</span> Railway line in New Zealand

The Wairarapa Line is a secondary railway line in the south-east of the North Island of New Zealand. The line runs for 172 kilometres (107 mi), connects the capital city Wellington with the Palmerston North - Gisborne Line at Woodville, via Lower Hutt, Upper Hutt and Masterton.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NZR RM class (Wairarapa)</span>

The NZR RM class Wairarapa railcar was a class of railcars on New Zealand's national rail network. They entered service in 1936 and were classified RM like all other classes of railcars in New Zealand; they came to be known as the "Wairarapa" class as they were designed to operate over the famous Rimutaka Incline to the Wairarapa region on the Wairarapa Line. They also acquired the nickname of "tin hares" in New Zealand railfan jargon. The first two to be introduced re-used the numbers RM 4 and RM 5 that had previously been used by the withdrawn experimental Model T Ford railcars. The class consisted of six passenger railcars and one passenger-freight railcar. It is often described incorrectly as a class of six railcars.

The Wairarapa Mail was a passenger train operated by the New Zealand Railways Department (NZR) between Wellington and Woodville, continuing on to Palmerston North as a mixed train. It ran from 1909 until 1948 and its route included the famous and arduous Rimutaka Incline.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hutt Valley Line</span> Train service in New Zealand

The Hutt Valley Line is the electrified train service operated by Transdev Wellington on behalf of Metlink on the section of the Wairarapa Line railway between Wellington and Upper Hutt, New Zealand.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Maymorn railway station</span> Railway station in New Zealand

Maymorn railway station is a twin platform, rural request stop railway station serving the small settlement of Maymorn on the Maymorn Plateau, east of Upper Hutt, in New Zealand’s North Island. It is served by the Wairarapa Connection, and sees five services each way Monday to Thursday, six on Friday and two on Saturday and Sunday.

The Rimutaka Incline Railway Heritage Trust is a non-profit, charitable trust in New Zealand that was established in 2003 with the objective of reinstating an operating heritage railway over the Remutaka Ranges using the original route of the Wairarapa Line between Maymorn and Featherston, including the world-famous Rimutaka Incline.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kaitoke railway station</span> Defunct railway station in New Zealand

Kaitoke railway station was a single-platform rural railway station on the Wairarapa Line between Upper Hutt and Featherston in the Wellington region of New Zealand's North Island. Initially it was the railhead of the Wairarapa Line, at a point where the railway met the main road between Upper Hutt and the Wairarapa. Later it was a point at which locomotives were changed, steam engines were watered, trains could cross, and passengers could make use of the refreshment room.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Summit railway station, Wellington Region</span> Defunct railway station in New Zealand

Summit railway station was at the summit of the Wairarapa Line over the Rimutaka Ranges in the Wellington region of New Zealand’s North Island and was where trains were marshalled for a descent down the Rimutaka Incline or for Fell locomotives to be extricated from a train that had ascended the Incline. The station was between Kaitoke and Cross Creek stations on the Wairarapa Line. The station was bypassed when the Rimutaka Tunnel was opened.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cross Creek railway station</span> Defunct railway station in New Zealand

Cross Creek railway station was the base of operations for the Rimutaka Incline, a Fell railway over the Remutaka Ranges, and part of the original Wairarapa Line between Upper Hutt and Featherston in the Wellington region of New Zealand's North Island. The station was between Pigeon Bush and Summit stations on the Wairarapa Line. The station was bypassed when the Rimutaka Tunnel was opened.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Remutaka Rail Trail</span>

The Remutaka Rail Trail is a walking and cycling track in the North Island of New Zealand. It runs between Maymorn and Cross Creek, and follows 22 kilometres (14 mi) of the original route of the Wairarapa Line over the Remutaka Range between the Mangaroa Valley and the Wairarapa, including the world-famous Rimutaka Incline. Parts of the trail are also used by vehicles both from the regional council and from forestry companies with tree plantations in the area; members of the public have limited vehicular access from the Kaitoke end to a car park, go-kart track and gun range. Access is also granted by permission to horse riders. Touring coaches have been used upon occasion to convey tourists and other visitors to various parts of the route.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Remutaka Forest Park</span>

Remutaka Forest Park is a protected area near Wellington, New Zealand. Popular access points are south of Wainuiomata and in the upper Hutt Valley. The park covers 220 square kilometres (85 sq mi), encompassing the Catchpool Valley and the Ōrongorongo Valley at the southern end of the Remutaka Range. Established in 1972, the park contains several short walks and six huts that can be booked and accessed by longer bush tramps. The park is one part of several local conservation areas, as it borders the Pakuratahi Forest and the Tararua Range.

The Rimutaka incline railway line has had several accidents as the result of strong cross winds. On two occasions passenger trains were derailed by them. The first in 1880 resulting in four deaths, and the second in 1936 resulting in only injuries.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Featherston Military Camp</span>

Featherston Military Camp, on a "windswept grassy plain" 3 kilometres north of Featherston, New Zealand, was built after the announcement of National Registration of all military-aged men to supplement Trentham Military Camp on the other side of the Rimutaka hill. The National Registration actually took place in October and November 1915, but the bill empowering conscription by the government did not pass until 1 August 1916.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pākuratahi Forest</span>

Pākuratahi Forest is a regional park located in Upper Hutt in the Wellington Region at the southern end of New Zealand's North Island. It is administered by Wellington Regional Council.

References

  1. "Notice of final determinations of the Minister for Land Information on official geographic names". New Zealand Gazette. 17 December 2015. Retrieved 18 March 2018.
  2. "Place name detail: Remutaka Range". New Zealand Gazetteer. New Zealand Geographic Board . Retrieved 18 March 2018.
  3. Manawatu Standard 29 January 1931
  4. Don Farmer, Summit a shambles, Wairarapa Times-Age, 2009-03-29, retrieved 2 October 2009.
  5. "Rimutaka cafe fire treated as arson". Stuff.co.nz . NZPA. 6 April 2009. Retrieved 5 November 2011.
  6. Churchman & Hurst 2001, p. 154–159.
  7. Rimutaka Incline Railway Heritage Trust – About Us
  8. Frances, Neil (2015). A Long, Long Trail. Masterton, New Zealand: Fraser Books. p. 44. ISBN   978-0-9922475-3-9.

Further reading

41°10′S175°10′E / 41.167°S 175.167°E / -41.167; 175.167