Cumhuriyet is the oldest up-market Turkish daily newspaper. It has been described as "the most important independent public interest newspaper in contemporary Turkey". The newspaper was awarded the Freedom of Press Prize by Reporters Without Borders in 2015 and the Alternative Nobel Prize in 2016. It is considered Turkey's newspaper of record. It has been known for its stance of publishing anti-Islamist titles and news at least since the 1960s.
Ankara University is a public university in Ankara, the capital city of Turkey. It was the first higher education institution founded in Turkey after the formation of the republic in 1923.
Zaman, sometimes stylized as ZAMAN, was a daily newspaper in Turkey. Zaman was a major, high-circulation daily before government seizure on 4 March 2016. It was founded in 1986 and was the first Turkish daily to go online in 1995. It contained national (Turkish), international, business, and other news. It also had many regular columnists covering current affairs, interviews, and a culture section. The newspaper is known for its closeness to Fethullah Gülen, the leader of the Gülen movement. The newspaper originally supported the Justice and Development Party (AKP), but became increasingly critical of that party and its leader, Turkish president and former prime minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, particularly after the AKP closed the 2013 December investigation into corruption. On 4 March 2016, in what activists and international media groups criticized as another blow to press freedom in Turkey, control of the newspaper was seized by the government. The takeover was motivated by the newspaper's ties to the Hizmet movement of Turkish cleric Fethullah Gülen, which the government accuses of attempting to establish a parallel state in Turkey.
The mass media in Turkey includes a wide variety of domestic and foreign periodicals expressing disparate views, and domestic newspapers are extremely competitive. However, media ownership is concentrated in the hands of a few large private media groups which are typically part of wider conglomerates controlled by wealthy individuals, which limits the views that are presented. In addition, the companies are willing to use their influence to support their owners' wider business interests, including by trying to maintain friendly relations with the government. The media exert a strong influence on public opinion. Censorship in Turkey is also an issue, and in the 2000s Turkey has seen many journalists arrested and writers prosecuted. On Reporters Without Borders' Press Freedom Index it has fallen from being ranked around 100 in 2005 to around 150 in 2013.
Milliyet is a daily newspaper published in Istanbul, Turkey.
ATV is a Turkish free-to-air television network owned by Turkuvaz Media Group. As of August 2013, ATV was Turkey's most popular channel with a market share of 22%. ATV was founded by Sabah Group, who is the original owner of the channel. The channel changed its ownership to Ciner Media Group in 2002 and TMSF in 2007. ATV was owned by Çalık Holding's Turkuvaz Media Group, but in 2013, its ownership changed again to Md Melar Hossain Akndo.
Hürriyet is one of the major Turkish newspapers, founded in 1948. As of January 2018, it had the highest circulation of any newspaper in Turkey at around 319,000. Hürriyet has a mainstream, liberal and conservative outlook. Hürriyet combines entertainment with news coverage.
The Hürriyet Daily News, formerly Hürriyet Daily News and Economic Review and Turkish Daily News, is the oldest current English-language daily in Turkey, founded in 1961. The paper was bought by the Doğan Media Group in 2001 and has been under the media group's flagship Hürriyet from 2006; both papers were sold to Demirören Holding in 2018.
Çalık Holding is a Turkish company that has been operating in the energy, construction, mining, textile, finance, and telecom sectors since the 1980s. Founder and chairman Ahmet Çalık began his business career in the textile industry, founding Orta Doğu Tekstil in 1981 and Çalık Denim in 1987. During the early-1990s independence of CIS countries, he made his first foreign investments and founded Gap Pazarlama and Gap İnşaat. These companies were brought together as Çalık Holding in 1997. The umbrella company founded Çalık Enerji in 1998 and Aktif Bank in 1999, to enter the energy and finance sectors.
Fatih Altaylı is a Turkish journalist, columnist, television presenter and media executive.
Ciner Media Group is a Turkish media conglomerate established in 2007, part of the Ciner Holding conglomerate. Among other properties, it owns the Habertürk newspaper, Habertürk TV and Habertürk Radyo, and the television stations Kanal 1, Avrupa 1 and Kanal 1 Maksimum. It co-owns the television station Bloomberg HT. It also publishes a range of magazines, including Turkish editions of international magazines such as FHM.
Turkuvaz Media Group is a Turkish media company. In 2008, the company was sold to Çalık Holding in Aşiyan, Yıldız, Beşiktaş, Istanbul. As of 2014, the company operates under Kalyon Group in Kemerburgaz, Eyüp, Göktürk, İstanbul. The company's CEO is Serhat Albayrak, son of Sadık Albayrak and brother of Berat Albayrak, former Minister of Treasury and Finance who is married to the daughter of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan. The company is also known as Sabah-ATV Group.
Berat Albayrak is a Turkish businessman and politician, and the son-in-law of Turkish president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan. He is a former CEO of Çalık Holding. He was a member of parliament from Istanbul in the 25th, 26th and 27th legislative sessions. He served as Minister of Energy and Natural Resources in the 64th and 65th government of Turkey and was the Minister of Finance and Treasury in the 66th government until his unexpected resignation on 8 November 2020 citing health reasons. His resignation was officially accepted on 9 November and he was succeeded by Lütfi Elvan on 10 November. In 2004, he married the daughter of Turkish president Erdoğan. Albayrak has been accused of involvement in oil production and smuggling in the Islamic State.
Takvim is a Turkish daily newspaper owned by Kalyon Group. The word "takvim" means calendar in Turkish.
Akşam (Evening) is a Turkish newspaper founded in 1918, owned by Zeki Yeşildağ's Türk Medya Grup since 2013. In 2013 it had a circulation of around 100,000.
Dinç Bilgin is a Turkish businessman who founded the Bilgin Group and Medya Holding, a media empire that was made up of a number of newspapers including Sabah (1985) and Takvim (1994), and a number of television stations, including ATV (1993) these were voluntarily handed over to the Turkish government in 2008 over alleged financial irregularities relating to Etibank. These companies were later sold by TMSF for $ 1.1 Billion. He also founded Ateş and Yeni Yüzyıl in 1995, selling them to Korkmaz Yiğit in 1998.
The 2013 Gezi Park protests in Turkey saw massive amounts of censorship and disinformation by the mainstream media, especially by those supporting Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and his Justice and Development Party (AKP). A poll done by Istanbul Bilgi University in the first week of the protests showed that 84% of the demonstrators cited the lack of media coverage as a reason to join the protests, higher than the 56% of protesters who referred to the destruction of Gezi Park.
Nazlı Ilıcak is a prominent Turkish journalist and writer. She was a deputy of the Virtue Party, elected in the 1999 Turkish general election, losing her seat when the party was banned in 2001.
A Haber is a worldwide news channel in Turkey. It was founded by Çalık Holding in 2011. Like the Turkey-wide ATV channel, A Haber belongs to Turkey's second-largest media group, Turkuvaz-AŞ. This in turn belongs to the Çalık Holding of Ahmet Çalık, who founded the station in 2011.
Media ownership in Turkey is highly concentrated. According to experts, Turkish media ownership structure prevents citizens from receiving reliable information.
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